Mecanoo Designs the World's Largest Man-Made Nature Park

由专筑网亚森君，李韧编译

近期，荷兰政府表决通过了一项世界最大国家公园的总体规划方案。该项规划方案由荷兰设计事务所Mecanoo拟定。据悉，规划方案场地位于荷兰阿姆斯特丹市区附近，是占地超过29000公顷的人造自然公园。该公园将由四个自然保护区整合而成，目的是为了确保公园的未来发展。

Dutch design practice Mecanoo has created a masterplan for the world's largest man-made nature park at Nieuw Land in the Netherlands. Last month, the Provincial Government approved the plan with an overwhelming majority. The National Park is located near the metropolitan region of Amsterdam and covers over 29,000 hectares. The new masterplan integrates four nature reserves to secure and protect the future of the National Park.



Nieuw地区现存的四处自然保护区为Oostvaardersplassen、Lepelaarplassen、Marker Wadden和Trintelzand。这四处保护区都是20世纪50年代和60年代Flevoland的土地复垦工程无意间造福的结果，从而使得场地保留了下来。在接下来的二十年里，这四个自然保护区逐渐连成片区，并最终形成连续的公园体系。与此同时，Nieuw地区也将为游客对于该片区的探索提供了便利的交通，例如，今后游客可以通过骑自行车、划独木舟或步行等多种方式进入公园。

Nieuw Land includes numerous existing nature reserves: the Oostvaardersplassen, the Lepelaarplassen, Marker Wadden and Trintelzand. As the team states, these reserves would never have existed without the land reclamation works in Flevoland in the 1950s and 1960s – it was unintentional that nature was given free rein over large areas of the reclaimed land. Over the next twenty years, the four nature reserves will gradually be connected to form a continuous park. At the same time, Nieuw Land will be made more accessible so that visitors will be able to discover the area by bike, canoe, or on foot.



Mecanoo事务所的创始合伙人兼创意总监Francine Houben表示：“Nieuw地区将打造一座以游客体验为核心的新型国家公园，它将为各个年龄层的人们带来吸引力与科普体验。同时，通过修建诸如堤坝、沼泽地、芦苇景观、新岛屿，甚至更多动植物的自然景观，在此基础上介入人们休息、夜间观星、荒野和冒险的诸类活动，以此促进都市与自然的共生，这将是这处公园最具特色的体验。”

Mecanoo Founding Partner and Creative Director Francine Houben said that, "Nieuw Land will be a new kind of national park, one in which visitor experience is central. The park will be an attractive and educational experience for all generations and will bring the city and nature closer together. It will feature many dikes, marshlands and reed landscapes, new islands, and even more flora and fauna - with space for rest, darkness to view the starry sky, wilderness, and adventure.”



Nieuw地区主要是鸟类保护区，这里有数十种受保护的物种被充足的食物所吸引，进而在此安家落户、休养繁殖。因而建筑师希望，透过塑造Oostvaardersplassen、Lepelaarplassen、Marker Wadden、Trintelzand四个核心自然保护区之间的紧密联系， 让每个保护区都能得以发展。建筑师还增加岛屿、沼泽地、小溪、湿草原和水之间的联系，以此创造连续的生态系统。最终，建筑师希望能帮助鸟类在广袤的公园区域内找到适宜觅食、休息、繁殖且不会被侵扰的空间。当然，拟议的Nieuw 地区“自然站”（火车站）也能促使居住在阿姆斯特丹和其他都市地区的居民可乘坐火车直达该公园。

图片：Mecanoo

Nieuw Land is primarily a bird reserve, with dozens of protected species attracted by the ample food supply and sheltered places for rest and breeding. The key nature reserves – Oostvaardersplassen, the Lepelaarplassen, Marker Wadden and Trintelzand – will be enlarged and the connections between them will be strengthened. Adding islands, marshlands, creeks, wet grasslands and water connections will create a continuous ecosystem. The design aims to make it easier for birds to forage in one area and rest or breed in another. In turn, with the proposed Nieuw Land “nature station” (train station), the park will be accessible by train from the Amsterdam metropolitan region and other urban areas.