全方位360°观景台
360° Viewpoint / WaterScales arquitectos

由专筑网李韧，王雪纯编译

álora区周围环绕着古老的阿拉巴尔人建立的城堡，位于Sierra del Hacho山脉景观之中。这座村庄有着丰富与有趣的历史，例如摩尔人对抗天主教徒的过去，另外还有关于弗拉明戈歌曲“Malagueña”的创思。

álora, with its Castle surrounded by an ancient Arrabal, is placed as a bow of the mountainous landscape of Sierra del Hacho. The village has a rich and interesting history related to the Moorish defence against Catholics and about the creation of the malagueña, a kind of flamenco song.









这里举办了一次建筑竞赛，主办方希望能够翻新城堡的周围环境，同时翻新公共基础设施，并且吸引游客。建筑师因此而提出了一项名为“1:1尺度规模”的设计措施，主要保留其人文历史。整个场所会构成一系列的石材图像，让游客更好地了解、发觉、感受当地的文化历史。竞赛的第二个提议则是通向城堡的道路，这就是所谓的360°全方位观景台。

It took place an architectural competition for refurbishing and renovating the castle surroundings in order to renovate public facilities as well as attract new travellers. We purposed an intervention called “tapestry scale 1:1” which captures the energy of its cultural landscape. It would be a kind of stone map which would help the visitant to see, discover, know and experience the cultural landscape. The second phase of the complete intervention has been a part of the path toward the Castle and the so called viewpoint 360o



通向城堡的道路环绕着Cerro de las Torres，即Towers山，这将城堡与Arrabal 中心广场连接在一起。曲线形态的主道路有多达八个十字交叉口，将Alora的完整景观联系在一起。

The path toward the castle which surrounds the Cerro de las Torres (Towers’ hill) joins the Castle with the Plaza de la despedía (main square of the Arrabal). In its main curve, where the 8th via crucis stop is, appears the viewpoint showing Alora’s landscape plenitude.



这条道路后期维护不足，深色的墙体阻挡了景观。建筑师将这条道路改造为石材铺地，而这面墙则似乎是在寻求自身的隐匿。墙体的下部由褐色砂石制作而成，与山脉的颜色相互呼应。在墙体上部，露台如同空气般起伏。

The path was in a bad conservancy condition and the wall facing to the views painted in brown salmon colour. We have built the pavement as a stone carpet and the wall has been conceived looking for its “invisibility”. The lower part of the wall has been made in brown sandstone gabions with the colour of the hill. The upper part, the veranda is nearly an air vibration.







石材道路的肌理在第八个十字交叉口会产生变化，旁侧的两个大理石座椅和观景点给人们带来了奇幻的全景视角。在一侧是山谷的自然景观和Guadalhorce果园与盆地。在另一侧，建筑师充分利用空中地点，连接了文化景观的主要部分，即Jesús Nazareno de las Torres的哥特教堂、阿拉伯城堡，以及中世纪几何形态的村落。

The stone path modifies its texture as it approaches to the 8th via crucis stop, two nearby marble seats and the viewpoint which suggests a dynamic 360o view. On one side, there is the natural landscape of valleys and the basin of the Guadalhorce with its orchards. On the other, thanks to our aerial position, we could link the main highlights of the cultural landscape: the Gothic chapel of Jesús Nazareno de las Torres, the Arab castle, and the medieval geometry of the village with the mount Hacho on its high.



材料的应用也呼应了当地的状况。并且符合项目的主要理念。

道路边缘由砂石构成。金属栏杆展现出诸如石材般的氧化色彩。镂空的栏杆上部让人们的视野几乎不受限制，直接望向远方的景观。

The materials are used following their own truth. Their way of joining follow our main project ideas.
The edge of the path is made by gabions filled by sandstone from the surroundings. The metallic bars show their oxidation colour as well as stones do. The upper part of the balustrade, empty, makes a nearly invisible limit which alouds looking through the far landscape.



铺地石材的尺寸、肌理、明暗程度各不相同，因此地面也形成一定的韵律感。中央的区域是中等尺度的方形粗糙深色石材。其两侧则是小型平铺石块。道路会直接通向深色的人行区域，这个区域呈现波浪圆形，中央有着一块圆形大理石，指向了第八个十字路口的方向。在其旁侧，两个圆柱形座椅位于其中，模拟着圣经中的场景。

The vibrating floor is defined thanks to the different sizes, texture and darkness of the paving stones of granite. The central “carpet” is done by mid size squared, rough and dark stones. It is flanked by small and flat paving stones. The carpet leads to a dark pavement area geometrized in circle waves whose epicentre is a circled piece of marble which points out the 8th stop of the via crucis. Close to it, two cylindrical seats show their impact on pavement, simbolizing the biblical scene where two women from Jerusalem comforted Jesus on its way to the Calvary.



这是路途中的歇脚处，也是沉思的场所、文化的冥想地。

其地面由金属面板制作而成，构成了一定的透明度。纤细的栏杆垂直而立，扶手上有穿孔镂空文字。这些穿孔表达了历史时期、重要人物，以及游客们的兴趣所在，它们都指向景观方向。

It is a stop on the way, a place for contemplation and an information point of the cultural landscape.
Its floor is made of metallic plates creating a vibrating transparency. The balustrade is made by thin vertical bars supporting a width handrail which contains perforated an aerial texts. Perforated ones indicate historical periods, important persons or interesting data for the traveller, and the aerial ones point out special places of the landscape.





建筑师恢复了坡地中的一些废弃区域，并且将重点放在斜坡的下部，那里种植有一些后期维护需求低的植物，例如薰衣草等等。

We have recovered some abandoned areas of the slope. Our work has focused on the lower part of the slope where there have been planted low maintenance bush masses; lavender, lavandula, and caper, capparis spinosa.



在日落时，通向城堡的道路会构成一条轻松愉悦的广场通道，该区域位于石材区域之间。在复活节期间，栏杆上会摆放蜡烛。

At sunset, the way to the castle is marked by a rhythm of small lighting square pavement, placed between the stone ones. During Easter acts, there will be candles inside the balustrade.



建筑师希望能够表达景观的本质，并以全新方式向游客展示álora的历史景观。道路和观景点都强调了景观，并凸显其价值。

We would have liked having captured the essence of landscape and having shown to the traveller a new way of feeling the historical landscape of álora. The path and the viewpointunderline the landscape making its values emerge.























建筑设计：WaterScales arquitectos
地点：西班牙，马拉加
类别：装置与结构
主创建筑师：Carmen Barrós Velázquez & Francisco J. del Corral del Campo
项目时间：2019年
摄影：Fernando Alda
技术勘察：Antonio Montes Sáez
景观设计：Ana Ibáñez Fernández
结构：Jesús Hernández Martí
装置：Ingeniería Vargas. Esteban Vargas y José Manuel Fernández, Ricardo Rueda García
协作方：Javier Golbano Gómiz, álvaro López Camino, Jorge López González, Daniel Marcos Ruiz, Belén Muñoz de la Torre Calzado, Francisco Ortega Ruiz, Felipe Pérez García, Patricia Prados Pérez, Víctor Campoy Martín,
施工方：I.M. Instalaciones y Obras S.A.
开发商：Excmo. Ayuntamiento de álora
历史研究：María José Sánchez Rodríguez
考古研究：Taller de investigaciones arqueológicas

Architects: WaterScales arquitectos
Location: Calle Cerro, 29510, Malaga, Spain
Category: Installations & Structures
Lead Architects: Carmen Barrós Velázquez & Francisco J. del Corral del Campo
Project Year: 2019
Photographs: Fernando Alda
Technical Surveyor: Antonio Montes Sáez
Garden and landscap: Ana Ibáñez Fernández
Structures: Jesús Hernández Martí
Installations: Ingeniería Vargas. Esteban Vargas y José Manuel Fernández, Ricardo Rueda García
Assistants: Javier Golbano Gómiz, álvaro López Camino, Jorge López González, Daniel Marcos Ruiz, Belén Muñoz de la Torre Calzado, Francisco Ortega Ruiz, Felipe Pérez García, Patricia Prados Pérez, Víctor Campoy Martín,
Builder: I.M. Instalaciones y Obras S.A.
Developer: Excmo. Ayuntamiento de álora
Historical assistance: María José Sánchez Rodríguez
Archaeology: Taller de investigaciones arqueológicas