Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios creates Passivhaus student housing crescents in Cambridge
由专筑网小R编译
Feilden Clegg Bradley工作室为剑桥大学的国王学院设计建造了一系列CLT结构的弧线形学生公寓。
该项目名为Stephen Taylor Court，给国王学院的研究生们提供了84套公寓，这些公寓的设计满足Passivhaus标准，同时尽量减少碳排放量。
Feilden Clegg Bradley工作室的合伙人Hugo Marrack说：“考虑到了材料的选择，因此优先考虑低碳材料，重新应用现有材料、当地采购和回收材料，同时也考虑了交叉层压木材中的碳含量，项目生产中所封存的碳将多余排放的碳。”
Architecture practice Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios has created a series of crescent-shaped student housing blocks with a CLT structure for King's College at the University of Cambridge.
Called Stephen Taylor Court, the blocks contain 84 homes for King's College's graduate students and fellows that were designed to Passivhaus standards and to have as low a carbon impact as possible.
"Due to the considered material choice, prioritising low-embodied carbon materials, reuse of existing materials, local sourcing and targeting recycled content, and accounting for carbon sequestered in the cross-laminated timber, the project has negative embodied carbon on completion as more carbon has been sequestered in its production than emitted," Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios partner Hugo Marrack told Dezeen.
▲ 建筑由3座弯曲的体量构成
The project is made up of three crescent-shaped buildings
建筑师在早期设计阶段就应用了碳工具FCBS Carbon，用于估算和限制全寿命周期内的碳排放。
FCBS Carbon是一个可以免费试用的电子表格，其中包含了建筑材料、施工，以及拆除过程中建筑所产生的所有二氧化碳。
Feilden Clegg Bradley工作室将Stephen Taylor Court项目用作该工具的“测试建筑”，同时计算出该项目在10到15年的碳性能均低于零。
不过Marrack认为，项目的碳计算没有考虑家具、装饰，以及设备或者机械、电气，以及管道情况。
The architecture practice used its own carbon tool named FCBS Carbon at early design stages to help estimate and limit the whole-life carbon emissions of the scheme.
FCBS Carbon is a spreadsheet that is free to use by other architects and considers all the CO2 produced by a building, including the building material, construction and demolition.
Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios used Stephen Taylor Court as a "test case" for its tool and calculated its net carbon performance – both operational and embodied – to be less than zero for the first 10 to 15 years of the project's life.
According to Marrack, the carbon calculations for the project did not consider furniture, fixtures and equipment (FF&E) or mechanical, electrical and plumbing (MEP).
▲ 倾斜的屋面参考了当地的工艺艺术建筑
Steep-pitched roofs reference arts and crafts buildings in the area
学生公寓位于剑桥保护区域之中，应用了交叉层压木材（CLT）结构，同时覆盖着砖石，整体外观呼应了传统的剑桥砖石。
CLT结构有着轻质的特点，结构外壳有着高度气密性，材料的含碳量也很低。
Located within a conservation area in Cambridge, the apartments have a cross-laminated timber (CLT) structure clad in water-struck gault bricks that are similar in appearance to traditional Cambridge bricks.
The CLT structure was chosen for its lightweight property, airtightness of the structural envelope and the material's low embodied carbon.
▲ Stephen Taylor Court在砖石之间应用了交叉层压木结构
Stephen Taylor Court has a cross-laminated timber structure clad in brick
结构工程师Tristan Wallwork说道：“建筑的轻质CLT结构减轻了基础荷载，使得轻薄的钢筋混凝土基础能够漂浮在刚性隔热层上。”
“这不仅仅减少了中下部结构中的混凝土使用量，同时也构成了完美的Passivhaus基础策略。”
Wallwork继续说：“由CLT结构的应用，诸如立面约束条等热桥细部也得以简化，这给需要固定的位置提供了灵活性。”
Feilden Clegg Bradley工作室将继续和学院合作，通过诸如光伏板等可再生能源选项，目的是在完工后的10到15年仍然保持零碳水准。
"The lightweight CLT structure of the buildings reduces foundation loads, allowing the use of a thin reinforced concrete raft foundation 'floating' on rigid insulation," explained Smith and Wallwork structural engineer Tristan Wallwork.
"This not only reduces the amount of concrete used in the substructure but also provides a perfect Passivhaus foundation solution."
"Detailing of any inherent thermal bridges, such as facade restraint ties, is also drastically simplified due to the robust and solid CLT structural envelope – providing complete flexibility on location of any fixings required," continued Wallwork.
Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios plans to continue to work with the college in the future to help maintain net-zero carbon beyond the first 10 to 15 years after completion, by implementing renewable energy options such as photovoltaic panels.
▲ 公寓建筑环绕着院落
The accommodation buildings surround a courtyard
该项目面积约为4300平方米，建筑位于保护区之中，这也影响了Feilden Clegg Bradley工作室的设计策略。
Stephen Taylor Court的建筑由3个红砖体块构成，环绕着一个花园，旁侧还有一座红砖别墅。
Hugo Marrack说：“三个体块构成了一个开放而休闲的院落空间，给整体的景观视线带来了一定的深度。”
The 4,300-square-metre scheme is located within a conservation area known for its arts and crafts houses, which influenced Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios' design.
The housing at Stephen Taylor Court is made up of three brick crescents surrounding a garden courtyard with an adjacent red brick villa.
"The central triptych of three crescents creates an open and informal court which provides depth and breadth to views from the streetscape to the leafy context beyond," said Hugo Marrack.
▲ 项目中央有着一座红砖别墅
A red brick villa sits at the centre of the scheme
该项目参考了当地的工艺艺术建筑作品，它们有着陡峭的屋面、老虎窗，以及山墙的凸窗。
Marrack解释：“对于工艺艺术策略的结合也表达了这些建筑细部和材质特性，而不是像常规策略那样视而不见。”
“虽然是这样，但是研究的目标更加简约现代，而不是单纯地表达形式，就某些方面而言，成果相对粗野一些。”
Steep-pitched roofs, dormer windows that punctuate the roofline and oriel windows on the gable ends of the apartments reference the arts and crafts buildings in the area.
"The sympathy with the arts and crafts approach is in celebrating the joy in each of these building details and the material's properties, rather than ironing them out, as one might with a more minimal approach," Marrack explained.
"This being said, the results aim towards a leaner, contemporary expression of its time, rather than forms of reproduction. In some respects, the outcomes are almost brutalist," he continued.
▲ 学院通过该项目为学生提供了可持续生活
The project is part of the college's plan to provide sustainable living for its students
Feilden Clegg Bradley工作室除了建造新公寓之外，还改造了许多维多利亚时期的别墅，从而用作公共区域、图书馆，以及洗衣房。
Stephen Taylor Court是该学院的第二个研究生公寓项目，英国公司Allies and Morrison曾经也在此开发了建筑，这座公寓按照Passivhaus标准来建造，同时也提名2021年Dezeen奖。
摄影：James Newton
Along with the newly built housing, Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios refurbished and extended an existing Victorian-era villa on the site to accommodate a common room, library and laundry room.
Stephen Taylor Court is the second graduate accommodation at the college to be built in recent years after the development at Cramner Road by British firm Allies and Morrison, which was also built to Passivhaus standards and was longlisted in the 2021 Dezeen Awards.
The photography is by James Newton.
项目信息：
建筑设计：Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios
景观设计：Robert Myers Associates
规划顾问：Turley
结构工程：Smith and Wallwork
监理与评估顾问：Max Fordham
投资估算：Faithful and Gould
设计负责人：Faithful and Gould
消防工程：The Fire Surgery
总承包商：Gilbert Ash
Project credits:
Architect: Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios
Landscape architect: Robert Myers Associates
Planning consultant: Turley
Structural engineer: Smith and Wallwork
Monitoring and evaluation consultant: Max Fordham
Quantity surveyor: Faithful and Gould
Principal designer: Faithful and Gould
Fire engineer: The Fire Surgery
Main contractor: Gilbert Ash
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