CS House / Estúdio Penha
由专筑网小R编译
这座乡村住宅专为一个家庭而设计，这个家庭有着两个小孩，这个封闭的社区周围有着其他建筑，但是都有着一定的距离，因此这个项目中，建筑师可以更好地探索室内外空间的相互作用，同时也可以相关性地思考日出、日落，以及开敞的自然景观。
This country house was designed for a family with two kids and many friends. It is in a gated community, and though surrounded by neighbors, it enjoys some isolation from them, so the project can better explore the interaction between the interior and exterior spaces. Relevant aspects of the proposition are to be able to contemplate the dawn, the sunset, and the open views of nature.
使用者在阳台和卧室都可以欣赏到日落、池塘，以及地平线，院落接受着清晨阳光的洗礼，住宅的公共空间朝向前后两个方向，在这里使用者可以欣赏全景，同时这里也有着充足的自然采光。
From the veranda and its connected bedrooms, one sees the sunset. From the pool, the horizon. The patio receives the morning sun. The social area, therefore, has a panoramic view – towards the front and back of the property – and the vast amount of natural light witnesses the passage of the day.
这是巴西农舍的概念，六间卧室分为两个独立的部分，每间卧室的尺寸都很宽裕，住宅的中央是起居室，这里是休闲放松的场所，也是一个分享不同形式的区域。
The concept is of a Brazilian farmhouse. The six bedrooms are organized in two independent blocks, all bedrooms being of generous dimensions. The heart of the house is a broad living room which is, at the same time, a space for relaxing, eating, and playing. A place for different forms of sharing.
这座建筑主要分为三个部分，即中央的起居室和两侧的卧室，带有金属框架、木质面板，以及玻璃的花架环绕着社交区域，构成了一个露台，这就如同典型的巴西农舍，花架不仅很好地表达了光影的变化，同时还构成了起居室和卧室的过渡空间，在家庭区域，这是一条通向厨房的廊道，同时也可以通向客房，那么这就构成了一条玻璃展览，这让人感觉仿佛是在开放的空间中行走。
The architecture is organized into three main blocks: the central one, with its living area, and the two blocks of bedrooms that flank the living room in opposite directions, running alongside the plot. A pergola with a metal frame, wooden slats, and glass panes surround the social area, creating a veranda that circles around the heart of the house, as in a typical Brazilian farmhouse. Besides witnessing the light changes during the day, the pergola creates transitioning spaces that connect the living room and the bedrooms: in the family area, it is a corridor that links it to the kitchen, while in the access to the guest bedrooms it forms a glassed gallery. The glass makes one feel as if walking in the open air.
这些区域之间有着明显的区别，起居室有着不对称的山墙屋顶，其中一个坡度小一些，也长一些，和另一个屋顶部分重叠在一起，另一部分则由玻璃建造而成，除此之外还有高度约为7米的天花板，卧室也有着山墙屋顶，但是其高度是固定的，诸如管家用房、车库、洗衣房等服务区域上方则覆盖着混凝土平屋面。
There is a clear distinction among the areas: the living room has an asymmetrical gabled roof – one less pitched and longer, partially covering the other, in turn, made of glass – and a high ceiling, of about seven meters, whereas the bedrooms, though also covered by gabled roofs, are of regular height. The service areas – the housekeeper’s house, the garage, and the laundry room – are covered by a flat concrete roof.
起居室是最高的部分，由双层墙体建造而成，较低的部分则是卧室，两侧是石材，材料上的区分表达了乡村特征，室内的地面和窗户应用了木材，除此之外还有诸如屋顶边缘、砖石墙体支撑梁以及门窗框的金属构件中所应用的绿色调，这些都是对乡村风格的呼应，同时也强调了结合不同功能体块的建筑理念，最终构成了卧室体块的山墙形态，它隐藏了屋顶的轮廓，更好地表达了石材和砖的肌理和色调。
The highest block, the living, is built with double walls made of solid demolition bricks, and the lower blocks, the bedrooms, have stone sidings. The distinction in the materials signals the countryside references, which is complemented by the use of wood on the inside floors and in the windows, as well as the green hues applied to the metallic components – such as the roof edges, the brace beam in the brick walls and the frames in the windows and doors, made of iron. These choices help emphasize the architectural concept of uniting blocks of different programs, leading to the bedroom blocks’ gables that, hiding the roofs’ profiles, highlight the textures and hues of the stones and bricks.
砖石的色彩与尺寸呼应了建筑的质朴气息，墙体上的石材也应用了同样的原理，其浅黄色部分则呼应了砖石的色彩。
The selection and layout of the demolition bricks, of assorted colors and sizes, collaborates with the rusticity of the architecture. The same is valid for the stones that cover the walls, the yellowish pieces were chosen to agree with the brick's predominant color.
在室内，起居室高高的天花板结合了倾斜的山墙，其中开有朝向南侧的玻璃天窗，玻璃上覆盖着反射膜，这样能够减少阳光的直射，这其实应用的是反射的原理。
Inside, the high ceiling in the living room is humanized by the glass panes of the shortest and more pitched gable. Facing the south, coated with anti-reflective film, and protected from direct sunlight by the second roof, it works as a skylight that reveals the daylight transforming into the night sky.
窗户和门框均有定制，它们的设计既能够容纳一定数量的人，又能够构成景观，其金属开口划分为小一些的木材框架，这让窗框看起来更加纤细，其中下方是固定窗扇，上方可以打开，其中有着一个与整体空间相呼应的支点。
The window and door frames were custom-made. They are strategically positioned both to accommodate the flow of people as well as to frame the landscape, prioritizing the subdivision of the openings (the frames are metal) in smaller encasements (then made of wood). This way, the window frames are slender and versatile, with a fixed lower sash and folding upper sash here, a pivot there, among others, always in accordance with the spaces under their influence.
诸如储物架和柜台等家具为木材制作，有的则由混凝土建造而成，除此之外还有一些复古家具，这在Estúdio Penha的项目之中常常出现，门窗表达了住宅的每个角落，同时也构成了和谐的形态，虽然其中有着不同的家具和功能，当然还有融入其中的人们。
Alongside the custom-made woodwork and part of the furniture – such as shelves and counters, these ones made of concrete – and the fine selection of vintage pieces, a constant in Estúdio Penha’s projects, the windows and doors mark each corner of the house, creating a harmonic composition, even in the relation of different furniture and activities, such as the ones which integrate the living.
就此方面而言，电气与管道的布局也得以精心规划，这些设备的组织常常不经过设计，但是在这里，这些管道似乎拥有了美学特征，这些特征虽然并非主要，但是它们的功能却至关重要，在起居室里，照明设备位于中等高度，电缆桥架则由固定在天花板上的线来支撑着，除此之外还有朝向墙体、天花板、地板的点元素，从而强调了整体空间感。
In this sense, the rigorous layout of the electrical and pipework installations, all in view, is highlighted. It organizes what usually seems chaotic and confers beauty to a type of element – pipes, profiles, and conduits – originally of secondary interest, though fundamental in the house’s functionality. In the living, the lighting is positioned mid-height, the cable trays supported by extenders fixed on the ceiling, and spots that in turn face the wall, the floor, and the ceiling, to enhance the spatial feel of the room.
建筑设计：Estúdio Penha
类型：住宅
面积：820 m2
时间：2019年
摄影：Fran Parente
制造商：REKA, Construverde, Deca, Labluz, Ladrilar, Metalferco
结构工程：A.H. Engenharia
建筑与室内设计：Estúdio Penha
项目团队：Vitor Penha, Verônica Molina, Simone Balagué, Bianca Sinisgalli, Augusto Vicentainer
合作方：Luciana Facio
灯光项目：Estúdio Penha
室内装饰：Manuela Figueredo
自动化：Raul Duarte
安装：Ramoska Castellani
国家：巴西
HOUSES
BRAZIL
Architects: Estúdio Penha
Area: 820 m2
Year: 2019
Photographs: Fran Parente
Manufacturers: REKA, Construverde, Deca, Labluz, Ladrilar, Metalferco
Structural Engineering: A.H. Engenharia
Architecture And Interior Design: Estúdio Penha
Project Team: Vitor Penha, Verônica Molina, Simone Balagué, Bianca Sinisgalli, Augusto Vicentainer
Collaborators: Luciana Facio
Lighting Project: Estúdio Penha
Interior Decoration: Manuela Figueredo
Automation: Raul Duarte
Installations: Ramoska Castellani
Country: Brazil
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