这周，《华尔街日报》摘选了高层建筑和城市住区理事会的一篇令人印象深刻的报告，根据破纪录的数据统计，2014年内将完工的97栋摩天大楼（这里特指200米以上的大楼），远超去年，其中71栋已建成。更重要的是，其中有百分之六十的建筑在中国，也就是说2014年中国落成100米以上摩天大楼的数量会从2013年的36栋上升至58栋。

同时，中国国家领导人习近平在去年的秋天发表言论，呼吁中国不要再修建奇奇怪怪的建筑。当时习正着力于高调打击政府腐败和过度消费，此项表态到底是出于审美考虑还是政治目的并不清楚。然而，在他表态的三个月后，也就是2014年10月15日召开的文艺座谈会上，政府并没有发布任何建筑类的规定或者法规，甚至也没有提出关于“奇奇怪怪建筑”的界定标准。

习近平主席的言论出现在一个比较特殊的时期，这个时候一些较为创新的设计如库哈斯的CCTV大楼正在北京拔地而起，而小型城市也尝试着修建一些有争议的地标建筑，例如无锡的茶壶大楼。（和重庆和武汉一样，无锡在2014年新增了4栋200米以上的高楼；天津修建了6栋，为全国之首。）

This week, the Wall Street Journal picked up on an impressive report from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat [PDF], distilling the record-breaking stats down to the finding that the completion of 97 skyscrapers (defined as buildings of 200m or taller) in 2014 far outpaced the previous year, in which 71 skyscrapers were completed. More significantly, a solid 60% of 2014’s towers topped out in China, which in turn saw the completion of about 60% more buildings — up to 58, from 36 in 2013 — with projections of 100+ in the PRC alone this year.

Meanwhile, Chinese President Xi Jinping made headlines last autumn when he called for his country to put an end to “weird” architecture. It’s unclear as to whether his motivations were aesthetic or political, as Xi has mounted a high-profile campaign against government corruption and excess spending. Nevertheless, in the three months since he made the statement, at an art symposium on October 15, 2014, the government has not issued any architectural regulations or mandates, or even guidelines for what would be considered “weird.”

Xi’s remarks come at a time when more innovative designs, like Rem Koolhas's CCTV Headquarters, are popping up on the Beijing skyline and smaller cities are attempting to establish landmarks by erecting more provocative buildings, like a Wuxi building shaped like a teapot. (As with Chongqing and Wuhan, Wuxi is home to four 200+ buildings completed in 2014; Tianjin tops the list for the most in a single city, at six.)

The Wharf Times Square (339m), Wuxi, by Aedas (photo via Skyscraper City)/Aedas设计的无锡码头时代广场（339m）

根据世界高楼协会（CTBUH）的报告，目前大部分200米以上的摩天大楼都很普通。这里有部分中国新建的58栋摩天大楼的图片，以及非正式调查中15个中国普通市民对于习主席讲话的反应：

我认为中国应该修建更多有趣的建筑……现在满世界都是低头族，是时候建造一些引人注目的建筑让人们抬起头并融入真实世界了。

— Qianru "Martino" Chen，企业负责人

建筑是长期存在的，因此我认为功能才应该是其首要考虑因素。城市的确需要地标性建筑，但有些建筑耗资过大，这两者之间需要平衡。一个大城市有几栋地标建筑，这是可以接受的，但是现在已经形成了一种城市通过修建奇怪建筑来吸引注意力的趋势，我认为这是在浪费纳税人的金钱。

— Maggie Wang，室内设计师

我认为奇怪的建筑是中国独特审美的产物。这些建筑是中国接触高端建筑样式的一种方式。它们促进了中国建筑业的发展并帮助建立了中国建筑在国际上的地位。

— Alana Fu，喜剧演员

我支持那些努力创作的人。我认为中国非常需要创意，但我同时也希望中国的建筑师们在设计的时候能够思考什么样的建筑可以经久不衰，而不仅仅只是一个闹剧。

我认为“奇奇怪怪”是一个非常主观的概念，就算习主席目前取消了建造他不喜欢的建筑的计划，那么将来呢？我认为更重要的是让建筑师能够更多地理解艺术，提高审美。另外，我认为与其花大量的金钱修建那么多奇怪的建筑来炫耀，不如致力于解决普通民众住房难问题。中国有太多的无人居住的新楼盘。

— Ice Tang，企业负责人

Yet the vast majority of the 200m+ buildings — enumerated in the CTBUH report — are decidedly mundane. Here, then, are images of a few of the 58 Chinese skyscrapers completed last year… alongside an informal survey of 15 everyday Chinese citizens’ reactions to Xi’s edict:

I think China should build more funny-looking buildings… People look at their phones too much. It’s time to build more eye-catching architecture to divert attention away from [cell phones] and get people involved in the real world.

— Qianru "Martino" Chen, business owner

Buildings last for a long time, so I think function should always be the first priority. Cities require landmarks, but some buildings cost too much money. There needs to be a balance. If a big city has a few landmarks, that’s OK, but there’s been a trend in which cities try to build weird buildings to attract attention, and this has wasted taxpayers’ money.

— Maggie Wang, interior designer

I think the weird buildings are products of China’s unique aesthetics. These buildings are China’s approach to high-end architecture. They elevate China’s architecture industry and help establish China’s architectural status worldwide.

— Alana Fu, comedian

I am supportive of people who are trying to be creative. I think we especially need creativity in China, but I do hope [architects] can think the way I would when they design and ask, “What kind of buildings will still be impressive and able to appreciated by people hundreds of years from now, and not look like a joke?”

I think “weird” is a very subjective idea, so even if Xi [cancelled plans for buildings he didn’t like], what about the future? I think the more important thing is to have the architect understand more about what art is. Moreover, I think that rather than spending a lot money building all these strange big buildings to show off, they should spend money on building buildings that are affordable to average people. There are way too many new buildings with nobody living in them in China.

— Ice Tang, business owner

R&F Yingkai Tower (296m), Guangzhou, by Goettsch Partners (photo via jo.sau on Flickr)/Goettsch Partners设计，广州富力盈凯大厦（296米）

奇奇怪怪的建筑有时看起来很有意思，但最终都会成为城市天际线永远的伤痕。遗憾的是，大部分奇怪的建筑都是斥巨资打造的大体量。CCTV大楼由”建筑大师“库哈斯设计。其本身的结构设计非常有意思，但却完全忽略了建筑周边环境和文化背景。许多由“知名建筑师”操刀设计的项目都有类似的问题：巨大而奇怪。中国应该停止修建这些奇怪的建筑，或者说应该禁止所谓的地产开发商/客户/设计师肆意改变城市地景。

作为一个上海本地人，我为上海的城市天际线感到骄傲，如果我看到一些奇奇怪怪的建筑破坏了它的美感，我会感到非常揪心。我去过很多其他城市，像北京、成都、苏州、厦门以及哈尔滨。那些城市都很漂亮并且矗立着符合它们城市文化和环境特色的建筑。我想那些城市的居民同样也非常讨厌看到一些奇怪的建筑来干扰城市景观吧。

— Luo Ye，翻译/编辑        

许多年前，中国的房子都长一样，后来中国政府邀请外国建筑师来改变中国的建筑形态。现在我们有了很多不同的设计，而且这些建筑都尊重中国传统文化，所以我认为中国不应该将它们拒之门外。习主席的对于建筑的评论或许只是出于他希望告诉世界中国已经崛起这个事实。这并不代表我们应该停止修建那些异形建筑。

— Alice Wong，市场部经理

[Weird buildings] can sometimes be fun to look at, but eventually these buildings become a permanent abomination on the city skyline. Unfortunately, most of these "weird" buildings were built in huge scales with huge budgets. The CCTV tower was designed by "starchitect" Rem Koolhaas. The design itself has some structural design significance, but it completely ignored the environmental and cultural context it's in. A lot of the "starchitect" projects suffer from the same problem; they are massive and "weird.” China should stop building "weird" buildings, or rather, China should stop allowing certain developers/clients/designers to do whatever they want with the city landscape.

As a Shanghai native, I am very proud of what my city skyline has to offer; it would be heart-breaking for me to see it disturbed by "weird" buildings. I have been to other cities, like Beijing, Chengdu, Suzhou, Xiamen, and Harbin. They are all beautiful and full of buildings suited for their own cultural and environmental characteristics. I reckon the residents in these cities would hate to see weird buildings interfere with that as well.

— Luo Ye, editor/translator

Years ago, China had the same buildings everywhere. Then the government invited foreign architects to change the way the buildings looked. Now we have lots of different designs, but the buildings all respect China’s history. I don’t think China should stop building “weird” buildings. Xi Jinping’s complaint might be him wanting to tell the world that China has changed a lot. But this doesn’t mean we should stop building weird styles of buildings.

— Alice Wong, marketing manager

Chongqing International Trade Center (256m), Chongqing, by Chongqing Architecture and Design Institute and Kohn Pedersen Fox & Associates (Photo courtesy of KPF)/由重庆建筑设计研究院与Kohn Pedersen Fox & Associates合作设计的重庆国际贸易中心（256米）

我非常赞同习主席用“奇奇怪怪”这个词来形容现在的一些建筑。我认为建筑师的目的是希望他们的建筑看上去与众不同且富有新意。不错，对于中国民众而言，这些建筑的确相当新鲜特别，但我看不到它们背后的内涵。我认为他们应该停止修建这些奇怪的建筑，建筑应该和环境融为一体并且以人为本。但是很多建筑却看起来只是在浪费大量的空间和土地。

— Wokky Lin，软件工程师

我同意中国有很多奇奇怪怪的建筑：大裤衩，大铜钱，大秋裤等。毫无疑问这些都是怪异而丑陋的建筑。我也同意中国不应该再修建这样的建筑。但是国家主席还是不应该公开作这样的评论，无论是作为“个人建议”还是作为“行政命令”。来自最高领导人的言论，无论是出于什么目的，都会被转述成政令，强制地方政府执行。

我们从中引出一个问题，那就是奇奇怪怪的建筑该如何定义？谁有权判定某个新建筑是否奇怪？很多时候创新和奇怪之间并没有一个很明确的界定，奇怪意味着与众不同，与众不同意味着多样化，而多样化才能产生文化的繁荣与强大的创造力。另外，许多公认的奇怪的建筑都是政府的办公大楼或是由政府出资修建的，例如大裤衩等。

相比之下，北京的SOHO中心，一个精心设计的未来主义办公综合体，却是由私人企业投资修建的。很明显政府没有立场判定什么是奇怪的建筑，而且如果一家私企自愿将钱浪费在修建奇怪的建筑上来损坏自己的企业形象，那也是他们自己的事情。

— Goodspeed Kwuich，作家/编辑

I really agree with [Xi’s] use of the word "weird.” I think architects want to make their buildings different and fresh. And yes, a lot of these buildings are fresh and different to Chinese people. But I don't understand any great meanings behind them. I think they should stop making "weird" buildings. I think the buildings need to be suitable for the environment and good for people. But a lot of them seem like an awful waste of space and land.

— Wokky Lin, software engineer

I agree there is a lot of weird architecture in China: the big penis, the big coin, the big underpants, the big vagina, etc. They’re all inarguably weird and ugly. I do agree that China doesn’t need more of those ugly buildings. However, the president is in no place to make such a comment, whether it’s a “suggestion” or an “executive order.” Such a comment from the central leader, regardless of its intentions, will be interpreted as a government order, which the local governments will be forced to execute.

That begs the question, what is the definition of “weird?” Who has the authority to rule whether or not a new construction project is “weird?” Many times, there’s no clear distinction between “weird” and “creative”; “weird” means it’s different, and difference means diversity, and diversity leads to prosperity and creativity. Plus, many of the commonly acknowledged weird buildings are either owned by government institutes, or built with government funds, such as the big penis, the big vagina, and the big underpants.

In comparison, the SOHO Center in Beijing, a well-designed, futuristic office complex, was built by a private corporation. Clearly the government is in no place to tell people what is weird and what is not, and if a private corporation wants to squander their money on an ugly building and damage their own image, that’s their own business.

— Goodspeed Kwuich, writer/director

Sankee Plaza (231m), Nanning (photo via Skyscraper City)/南宁三祺广场（231米）

我认为停止修建奇怪的建筑并不是一个好想法。尽管一些建筑确实很奇怪，但是也有很多奇特得很有艺术感。例如浦东的喜马拉雅中心就非常的漂亮。建筑是一种艺术形式，我们不能停止艺术创作。

— Rosemary Zhu, 公关部经理

我认为建筑属于私人问题，是投资者们的个人选择。可能那些投资者并不觉得这些建筑多奇怪，或者他们只是做出了错误的决定。每栋建筑在修建前，发展商都要把图纸交予政府报批。如果政府认为这些建筑不利于城市景观，为何在一开始允许它们修建呢？不应该等到这个建筑完工之后才说它很丑。

建筑师们在世界各地修建各种看起来疯狂的建筑，不仅仅是在中国。人们的审美随时都在改变，很多建筑或许我们现在感觉奇怪，但是未来可能会觉得非常不错，它们使城市变得多样化。而且，普通民众对建筑了解多少？。我们应该修建更多的地标建筑。

— Ye Ye，市场部经理

百分之九十九的摩天大楼都由西方境外公司设计。我觉得他们把中国当做一个巨型画板。我完全同意停止修建奇奇怪怪的建筑。那样的话我们可以将更多的资金投入其他的事业，例如教育等。

— Storm Xu，喜剧演员

I don't think it is a good idea to stop building strange buildings. Though some of them are weird, some of them are strangely nice. For example, the Himalayas Center in Pudong is really fascinating. Architecture is a form of art, and you can never stop creation in art.

— Rosemary Zhu, PR manager

I think that buildings are a private matter and are the choices of the investors. Maybe the investors don’t think they are weird, or maybe they just made bad decisions. Before they build buildings, [developers] need to give the floor plans to the government to approve. If government officials don't think that these buildings give a good image of the city, then why do the officials approve them in the first place? They can't just wait for them to be finished and then say, “That looks stupid.”

They build crazy buildings all over the world, not only in China. People's taste changes over time. Maybe it looks weird to us now, but in the future we will think, “Wow, that's magnificent.” It gives diversity to the city. Also, what does the average person know about architecture? There is probably much more to building these landmarks than we realize.

— Ye Ye, marketing manager

99 percent of these skyscrapers are designed by western corporations. I assume they see China as a giant sketch pad. I am all for the new rule to stop building [“weird buildings”]. Then we could divert that money to other things, like education.

— Storm Xu, comedian

Ligao International (231m), Nanchang (photo via Skyscraper City)/南昌力高国际大厦（231米）

我能够欣赏那些“奇怪”建筑的前卫。它们被认为是“奇怪”的，是因为它们与周围环境不协调，与当地文化格格不入，和大部分民众不能产生共鸣。我不能片面地说中国应该停止修建“奇怪”的建筑，但我同意习主席的观点，”建筑应该更多地吸引普通大众并将更多的中国传统文化艺术融入其中”。首先，这些建筑分散在城市各处，并没有遵循城市的总体规划，它们与周边环境并不和谐。其次，中国经济高速发展，而民众对于自己传统文化的关注却越来越少。很多人不仅仅盲目崇拜西方文化，甚至还对传统中国文化不削一顾。

我认为中国艺术家应该更有创新精神和原创能力，尝试着找到一个更合适的方式把中国传统文化融入现代世界，先进科技以及非中国文化中。如果是怀着这样的目的进行的各种尝试，即使看起来很奇怪，也是让人开心的。

— Chen Shen，财务

我的确认为中国有很多奇怪的建筑，例如那三个道教神（我个人很不喜欢，它很突兀，而且如果在晚上看到会让人觉得害怕。）也有很多有趣的建筑，例如那个形状像中国古代铜钱的楼（我觉得这个还不错，某种程度上展示了中国的拜金潮）。但是我真的不认为CCTV大楼很丑或者很奇怪。我认为它非常的特别，可以成为北京的地标。我非常喜欢在中国看到不一样的建筑设计，例如上海喜马拉雅中心（代表了森林），因为和大部分在城市生活工作的人一样，我对千城一面的现象感到十分厌烦，我们希望能够看到不一样的东西。因此我不同意停止修建“奇怪”的建筑。

— Chloe Sun，记者

I can appreciate the avant-garde flavor of these "weird" buildings. The reason that they are considered "weird" is because they were built out of context, out of touch with the local culture and the majority of people. I wouldn't say China should stop building "weird" buildings, I agree with Xi Jinping's comments [that architecture should appeal to the average Chinese citizen and that there should be more traditional Chinese art]. First of all, these buildings seem to be scattered around the city and did not appear to follow consistent city planning guidelines. They don't seem to fit in the surroundings. [Secondly,] China has advanced so quickly in a economic sense that people have become less appreciative of traditions or Chinese culture. Not only do they look up to Western culture, but they sometimes disregard or are ashamed of traditional Chinese culture.

I think Chinese artists should be innovative and original and find a better way to integrate traditional Chinese culture with the modern world, advanced technology, and non-Chinese culture. With this goal in mind, if the art form comes out weird, that's fine.

— Chen Shen, finance

I do feel that there are grotesque buildings in China, such as the one resembling three Taoist gods (I dislike it as it's too bold and may be terrifying to see at night), and some interesting ones, like the one shaped into an ancient Chinese coin (I think it's OK and in a way manifests the money fever in China). But I really do not think the CCTV tower is ugly or weird. I think it's special, and it can become a landmark for Beijing. I love to see buildings with special designs in China, such as the Himalayas Center in Shanghai (which resembles a forest), because like most people living and working in cities, I'm fed up with buildings of the same look or style that dominate the city landscape, and I want to see something different. So I disagree that China should stop building so-called "weird" buildings.

— Chloe Sun, journalist

Wuxi Suning Center (328m), Wuxi, by RTKL (photo via Skyscraper City)、由RTKL设计的无锡苏宁中心（328m）

很难去界定一个建筑是不是奇怪。对于艺术与奇怪的见解因人而异。对于艺术家而言好看的建筑对于大多数人来说或许是奇怪的。我个人认为有些建筑看起来不错，它们与众不同而且很有创意，不同于中国的传统形式，这非常好，尽管还有待提高。我认为停止修建奇怪建筑不是一个好主意。中国民众需要不一样的建筑来激励他们。

— Carrie Luo，市场研究

我认为这些“奇奇怪怪”建筑的设计非常有趣，有时会让大家大笑一番，特别是想到这栋建筑里面是CCTV和《人民日报》。或许中国是除了迪拜之外唯一一个我们可以看到这样的建筑的地方。对于是否停止修建“奇奇怪怪”建筑，我保持中立。（我想城市规划局应该会比我们更清楚不应该把一个大裤衩状的建筑作为北京地标。我只是很惊讶习主席会直接做出这样的决定，如果在艺术领域也要干涉，那习主席也是日理万机。）（放不放上去看终审，我先写出来，建议不要放了。）

— Yichuan Cao，学生

It's hard to define a building as “weird.” The difference between art and bizarre lies in people's aesthetic views. [These buildings] may look beautiful to artists but weird to the majority. I personally think some of them look good. They are different and creative, and not traditional Chinese style, which is good, though there's room for improvement. I don't think it's a good idea to stop building “weird” buildings. Chinese people need something different to inspire them.

— Carrie Luo, market research

I think [“weird” buildings] have interesting designs and sometimes offer a good laugh, especially considering that they house CCTV and People's Daily. Maybe China is the only place besides Dubai where we can see stuff like this. I don't agree or disagree [that China should stop building “weird” buildings]. However, the city's planning authority should know better than to put penis-shaped buildings up in the first place. I am just amazed by the fact that this kind of decision made it all the way up to the President Xi. That the artistic bar needs to be defined by President Xi is quite amazing.

— Yichuan Cao, student

注：顶端图是由OMA设计的北京CCTV总部（234米）

出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。