Tate Harmer transforms Brunel's first engineering project into underground venue

由专筑网Yumi，刘庆新编译

19世纪的工程师Isambard Kingdom Brunel设计的一个地下室在150年后第一次对公众开放，这要得益于Tate Harmer建筑工作室在里面设计的一个新楼梯。

A subterranean shaft created by 19th-century engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel is now accessible to the public for the first time in 150 years, thanks to a new staircase by architecture studio Tate Harmer.

Photograph by Raftery and Lowe

杰出的工程师设计的所谓的“凿井”曾作为伦敦泰晤士隧道的入口，但是现在该空间现在被转化成了地下的表演会所。

The so-called "sinking shaft" was designed by the eminent engineer as an entrance to London's Thames Tunnel, but the space has now been transformed into an underground performance venue.

它的前入口是一个小洞，通往一个现在已被拆除的楼梯——已经被一个新的开口所取代，通往一个下沉的现代钢楼梯。

Its former entrance – a small hole leading down to a now-removed staircase – has been replaced with a new opening, leading through to a contemporary steel staircase that descends down.

Tate Harmer的方法是尽量少地改变竖井，它是 Isambard Kingdom Brunel第一个完成的项目，他设计了打破记录的SS Great Britain船和在布里斯托尔的克利夫顿悬索桥。

Tate Harmer's approach was to change as little as possible about the shaft, which was the first completed project by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, who went on to design the record-breaking ship the SS Great Britain and the Clifton Suspension Bridge in Bristol.

这是一个大型旅游景点，当时泰晤士河隧道——世界上第一个水下隧道——在1843年开通。但它在19世纪60年代当火车开始穿过隧道时被关闭。

“这是一个非常强大的历史空间，”建筑师Jerry Tate解释说。

“所以我们决定保持空间的原始性，不碰它一切的真实。”

It was a huge visitor attraction when the Thames Tunnel – the world's first underwater tunnel – opened in 1843. But it was closed off in the 1860s when trains starting running through the tunnel.
"It's an incredibly powerful historical space," explained architect Jerry Tate.
"So we made the decision to keep the space very raw and to not touch it all really."

“我们在竖井里凿了一个洞，这样你就可以看到竖井是由什么构成，我们推出了这个新的楼梯，提供了一种戏剧性下降的方式，”他说。

"We cut a hole in the shaft so you can see what the shaft is made from, and we introduced this new staircase that provides this theatrical way down," he said.

独立的楼梯用一种深色的钢结构，但是它的扶手用明亮的红色完成。目的是使该结构陷入背景中，但扶手呈现为一种颜色的色带。

The free-standing staircase features a dark-painted steel structure, but its handrail is finished in bright red. The aim is for the structure to sink into the background, but for the handrail to appear as a ribbon of colour.

“这是非常小的结构，它只是触及地面，丝毫没有触碰墙壁，”Tate说。“红色线条指引你直至底部。”团队描述其作为一种“船底部的设计”，该楼梯的所有部分必须能够通过门道。然后他们在里面组装。

"It's very minimal in terms of structure, it just touches the ground and it doesn't touch the wall at all," said Tate. "A red thread guides you to the very bottom."
Described by the team as a "ship-in-a-bottle design", all the parts of the staircase had to fit in through the doorway. They were then assembled inside.

竖井标志着泰晤士隧道建设的第一阶段，设计是为了让马车在Rotherhithe 和Wapping之间的泰晤士河底通过。

The shaft marked the first stage in the construction of the Thames Tunnel, which was designed to allow horse-drawn carriages to pass under the River Thames between Rotherhithe and Wapping.

隧道宽11米，高6米，长396米，使用了一种Marc Isambard Brunel发展的隧道技术——他是Isambard Kingdom的父亲——Thomas Cochrane的专利。

它是两代Brunels人合作的唯一项目，现在组成了伦敦地上铁路网络的一部分。

The tunnel measures 11 metres wide, six metres high and 396 metres long and was created using a tunnelling technique developed by Marc Isambard Brunel – Isambard Kingdom's father – and patented by Thomas Cochrane.
It was the only project that the two Brunels worked on together, and it now forms part of the London Overground rail network.

Brunel博物馆——一个致力于两代Brunels人遗产的中心——占据了隧道之前的动力车间，它在竖井旁边。博物馆现在运行的空间作为音乐表演场地、剧院和其他活动场地。

“这是地铁的诞生地，它是城市交通的发源地，因此它是世界城市的发祥地，”Robert Hulse说，他是Brunel博物馆的领导。“此地这么久才能被访问，这是一个悲剧。”

The Brunel Museum – a centre dedicated to the legacy of both Brunels – occupies the tunnel's former Engine House, right next to the shaft. The museum will now run the space as a venue for music performances, theatre and other events.
"This is the birthplace of the tube, it is the birthplace of mass urban transport, and it is therefore the birthplace of the world city," said Robert Hulse, director of the Brunel Museum. "It's a travesty that for so long this place has been accessible."

多尔斯顿的Tate Harmer事务所由Tate 和搭档Rory Hartner领导。他们之前的项目包括厚木筋构架的扩展住宅和一个灵感来自于织布鸟巢的木制树屋。

Tate Harmer不是第一个恢复一片废弃的铁路基础设施的工作室。其他的例子包括纽约的之前是高架铁路线的High Line公园；还有意大利的一个老的隧道，现在是人行步道。

摄影：Jack Hobhouse，特殊标记的除外

Dalston-based Tate Harmer is led by Tate and partner Rory Hartner. The firm's previous projects include a house extension framed by thick wooden ribs and a wooden treehouse inspired by a weaver bird's nest.
Tate Harmer isn't the first studio to revive a piece of disused railway infrastructure. Other examples include New York's High Line park, formerly an elevated train line, while an old tunnel in Italy is now a pedestrian pathway.
Photography is by Jack Hobhouse, unless stated otherwise.

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