Architectural Association students use foraged wood to build "open-air laboratory"

由专筑网郑京，小R编译

伦敦建筑协会的学生们利用木条和采集的废木搭建了一座可拆卸的森林亭，称之为“田野站”（Field Station）。

田野站建造于学校卫星校区里占地4046平方米的胡克公园森林内，必要时方便拆除或重建，学生们可将它作为长期生态研究的露天实验室。

田野站的木质框架由连接有钢板和张力杆的白蜡木条构成，而其对角撑和柱状支撑则是由学生们采集的圆木和分叉树干制成，这样的设计使得每个组件都显得独一无二。

Students from London's Architectural Association have used timber battens and foraged waste wood to build a demountable forest pavilion called Field Station.
Located within the school's satellite campus, the 4046-square-metre Hooke Park forest, the pavilion is intended as an "open-air laboratory for long-term ecological studies" that is easy to dismantle and relocate when necessary.
While the wooden frame is built from ash battens connected with steel plates and tension rods, its diagonal bracing and column-like supports are formed from lengths of foraged roundwood and forked trunks, making each piece unique.


▲ 来自伦敦建筑协会的学生们设计的田野站亭子
Students from the Architectural Association have created the Field Station pavilion

田野站的设计团队这么解释他们的设计理念：“学生们在附近逐渐稀薄的森林的地面上寻找适合形状、厚度和完整性的树枝作为采集材料，这种行为呼应过去人们收集柴火的传统做法。通过利用圆木代替加工木材，田野站对木材的需求量在每砍伐一棵树的基础上降低了30%，相当于从物质足迹角度减少了两整棵成熟的树。”

学生们将田野站作为建筑协会的“设计与制作项目”实践的一部分，该项目还包括2017年建造的锯木厂庇护所（Sawmill Shelter）。

"Students harvested this material by searching the forest floor of recently thinned compartments for branches of suitable shape, thickness, and integrity, echoing historical practices like estover – the tradition of collecting firewood," explained the team.
"By utilising round timber in place of processed lumber, the Field Station required 30 per cent less timber per tree felled, reducing its material footprint by two mature trees," it added.
The students constructed Field Station as part of the Architectural Association's Design + Make Programme, which also saw the construction of Sawmill Shelter in 2017.


▲ 田野站亭子位于学校卫星校区的胡克公园
It is located at the school's satellite campus Hooke Park

学生们与Arup工程公司合作，应用计算机技术辅助将这些不规则的木制部件设计到结构中。每个组件都经过扫描，在计算机中建模，然后再使用机器手臂切割出每个连接区域。

田野站亭顶的张力杆将桁架结构保持在压缩状态，使屋顶在四周向外悬挑三米。

设计团队表示：“这种技术创新能够容纳材料的离心性，展示先进制造技术如何与自然、不规则的材料协调一致，从而创造可扩展的建筑解决方案。田野站作为一个理想化的模型，展示了现代建筑对林地管理和碳封存的积极贡献潜力。”

Working with engineering firm Arup, the students used computer-aided design to incorporate these irregular wooden components into the structure.
Each component was scanned and placed into a computer model before areas for each connection were cut using a robotic arm.
The canopy's tension rods hold the truss structure in compression, allowing the roof to cantilever outwards by three metres on all sides.
"This technological innovation accommodates material eccentricities, and showcases how advanced manufacturing techniques can be harmonised with natural, irregular materials to create scalable architectural solutions," said the team.
"Field Station stands as an aspirational model, demonstrating the potential of modern architecture to contribute positively to woodland management and carbon sequestration."


▲ 田野站亭子主要由木条和采集的废木组成
Timber battens and foraged waste wood make up the structure

这些从森林采集的木制构件与预制组件一起打包并运送到现场，让田野站能够在短短10天内建造完成。

这样的设计可以让此类户外场站更具有灵活性和可移动性，能够适应森林定期的砍伐周期。

The foraged components of the structure are combined with prefabricated elements that were flat-packed and brought to site, enabling Field Station to be constructed in just 10 days.
This design is also intended to make the pavilion flexible and relocatable, able to adapt to the forest's periodic felling cycles.


▲ 亭子具有可拆卸结构
The structure is demountable

田野站亭顶采用波纹金属板和中央波纹塑料天窗制成，地板采用了云杉木铺设，建在钢桩基础之上。

The roof of the pavilion is finished with corrugated metal sheets and a central corrugated plastic skylight, while an area of spruce decking was created for the floor, which stands on a foundation of steel piles.