Balconies and full-storey windows added to villa in a former Dutch museum

由专筑网Yumi，刘庆新编译

建筑师Paul de Ruiter 和Chris Collaris 把先前在鹿特丹的私人博物馆改造成了一座别墅，每层的户外空间改在建筑物的背面。

Architects Paul de Ruiter and Chris Collaris have transformed a former private museum in Rotterdam into an townhouse, featuring outdoor spaces on each level of its remodelled rear facade.

该建筑位于荷兰城市的Kralingen街区，在一条很古老的街道上。这里之前是一个独立的村庄，现在是鹿特丹上流社会建造的豪华别墅。私人博物馆建成于1905年，后来用于展览个人的私人艺术收藏。

The building is located on one of the oldest streets in the Dutch city's Kralingen neighbourhood, which was previously a separate village where Rotterdam's high society built grand villas. It was constructed in 1905 and later used to exhibit its owner's private art collection.

建筑中的20个房间用来展示这些收藏，它被称为Kralings博物馆。随着主人的去世，这幢别墅变得空荡荡的，直到现在的居住者购买了它，想把它改造成一座别墅住宅。

The collection was presented in 20 rooms of the building, which was known as the Kralings Museum. After the owner died, the villa was left empty until its current occupants purchased it with the aim of turning it back into a house.

De Ruiter之前的项目包括一个未来生态住宅，他与Collaris重新规划了建筑的用途。住宅在景观之上有一个玻璃盒子结构。

他们的目的是为适应21世纪的生活，要创造一个可持续的住宅，同时保留具有历史特征的外立面和结构的整体性。

De Ruiter, whose previous projects include a futuristic eco-house featuring a glass box raised above the landscape, collaborated with Collaris to repurpose the building.
Their aim was to create a sustainable home suited to 21st-century living, while retaining the historic facade and overall character of the structure.

从街上看过来，这座建筑看不出来改造的效果。然而在它的背面，大面积的玻璃表面和简约的细节让它看起来更具有现代的美感。

“我们试图利用现有的空间质量，让它变成非常适宜居住的房子，同时我们也想让空间变得明亮，而不是处于现有的状态，”Collaris说。“ 这是我们用大窗口框架做一个全新的花园立面的原因。”

From the street, the building appears much as it would have when first erected. However, at the rear, large glazed surfaces and Minimalist details contribute to a more contemporary aesthetic.
"We tried to make it a very pleasant liveable house using the quality of the existing spaces but we also wanted the spaces to be very light, which wasn't the case in the existing situation," Collaris told Dezeen. "That is why we made a completely new garden facade with big window frames."

新的背立面是为了满足客户的需求而建立的，他想要增加空间。一层添加了一个大体量，使建筑由阶梯组成，在一层和二层中融入阳台。

每层全高的窗户能够俯瞰花园和一层的大型平台。窗户的尺寸有助于给室内带来光明，减少人工照明的能量损耗，这是关键的一方面。

The new rear facade was developed in response to the client's request for increased space. A large volume added to the ground floor enabled the construction of a stepped composition, incorporating balconies on the first and second floors.
Full-height windows on each storey overlook the garden and a large patio on the ground floor. The size of the windows contributes to the bright interior and reduces energy consumption from artificial lighting, which was a key aspect of the brief.

尽管大量的作品需要建筑的室内变得现代化，建筑师还是试图保留原来的空间感，运用高高的天花板和宽敞的比例。

“我们试图从现有的部分保留空间的品质，而创造新的附加体量去提高品质，”Collaris 补充说。“但是新的附加部分也在房屋的装修和整体感觉中设置了新的质量标准。”

Despite the extensive work required to modernise the building's interior, the architects sought to retain the feeling of the original spaces, with their high ceilings and generous proportions.
"We tried to keep as much as possible the spatial quality from the existing parts, and the new additions were made to improve that quality," Collaris added. "But the new additions also set a new quality standard in finishings and the overall feeling of the house."

一层包括一个厨房，它位于起居空间的另一侧，厨房里有一个靠窗的座位，早餐桌安置在窗台上，就餐时可以观看街道。一个大型的开放空间在一层的后方，包含一个餐厅和休息室，它们被一面安装了壁炉的墙分隔开。这些空间都可以通过高大的窗户和玻璃门看向花园。

The ground floor contains a kitchen flanked by living areas on either side, including a window seat and breakfast table set up in the bay window looking onto the street.
A largely open space to the rear of this floor contains a dining table and lounge, separated by a wall incorporating a built-in fireplace. Both of these areas look onto the garden through tall windows and glass doors.

房子的中心有一个明亮的中庭，楼梯设计成独立的雕塑元素，从地下室上升到楼上。卧室和浴室位于一楼，二楼有客房、办公室、休息室和健康区。

In a light-filled atrium at the centre of the house, a staircase designed as a freestanding sculptural element ascends from the basement to the upper floors. Bedrooms and bathrooms are situated on the first floor, with a guest room, office, lounge and wellness area on the second floor.

住宅中应用了几种可持续的技术，包括屋顶上的太阳能板能够收集太阳能。热泵和两个壁炉满足供暖要求，而且它们被设定成只有需要的时候才会供热。

摄影：Tim van de Velde

Several sustainable technologies are implemented throughout the house, including photovoltaic panels on the roof to gather solar energy. A heat pump and two fireplaces contribute to the heating requirements, which are regulated to ensure energy is only used when needed.
Photography is by Tim van de Velde.

Basement plan/地下层平面图

Ground floor plan /底层平面图

First floor plan/一层平面图

Second floor plan/二层平面图

Roof plan /顶层平面图

Long section/长剖面图

Cross section/横截面

项目信息
设计：Paul de Ruiter Architects and Chris Collaris Design
项目建筑师：Paul de Ruiter and Chris Collaris
项目团队：Marieke Sijm and Wouter Oostendorp
承包商：Aannemingsbedrijf Kokshoorn BV
水、加热和冷却装置：Diderot Development
安装程序：Diderot Development
管理和控制系统设施：Diderot Development
景观设计师：Loek Hoek Tuinontwerpen

Project Credits:
Design: Paul de Ruiter Architects and Chris Collaris Design
Project architects: Paul de Ruiter and Chris Collaris
Project team: Marieke Sijm and Wouter Oostendorp
Contractor: Aannemingsbedrijf Kokshoorn BV
Water, heating and cooling installation: Diderot Development
E-installer: Diderot Development
Management and control system installations: Diderot Development
Landscape architect: Loek Hoek Tuinontwerpen


出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。