DANCE BETWEEN LIGHT AND SPACE
2nd Nanjing Youth Olympic Games International Convention Center

南京青奥会议中心是南京2014年青奥会中接待用场馆，建筑与室内由著名的“解构主义大师”扎哈•哈迪德完成，用她特有的建筑语言再次为人打开了时空的大门。黑白、明暗、虚实……一系列的对立融入在一个作品中，如阴阳交织，置身其中，无穷的能量散发在每一个扭转的空间中，这种无重力的状态却能使人得到心境的豁然开朗。

Nanjing Youth Olympic Games International Convention Center is the 2014 Youth Olympic Game’s reception center. Both architectural and interior design was done by the “master of deconstruction”, Zaha Hadid, who has opened the door of time with her unique architectural expressions. Black and white, bright and dim, false and truth, merging contradictions into one piece of work, involving the interlacement of Yin and Yang, emitting endless energy into every space, opening spirits with weightless matter.

感知的延伸其实就是概念到现实的转化，人的感受是复杂且无法形容的，可以描述出来的，我们能想到的就是尊重，空间的成功与否，是你对这里是否心存尊敬。

The extension of perception really is the transformation from concept to reality. Human perception is a complicated and unexplainable thing. With ordinary descriptive words, the least we can do is appreciate. This appreciation or respect is the key factor which affects the success or failure of this unique design.   

建筑师对空间倡导开放性，善于从不安定的元素中找到秩序。而灯光设计团队最终也从神秘的空间中择取“流动”与“能量”作为灯光的设计主题，“流动”是生命的延续、是线与面的乐章、是自然的赋予，“流动”是“能量”的延续，“能量”是“流动”的源泉，互相依存、互相交织，光•亦如是。

Architects advocate for space openness, and they are the best in finding order in disordered matters. In this mysterious space, “Flow” and “Energy” are set as the main concept of lighting design. “Flow” is the extension of light, the movement between line and surface, the generosity of nature. “Flow” is the extension of “Energy”, and “Energy” is the source of “Flow”. Light is the interdependence and interlacement of “Flow” and “Energy”.

青奥中心总建筑面积约为49万平方米，其中会议中心建筑分为6层，面积19.4万㎡，主要包括2181席大会议厅（保利剧院）、505席音乐厅、4个1000㎡以上多功能厅、展览厅、会议室、贵宾厅、多功能区、餐饮配套服务等功能。

Youth Olympic Centre has a total architectural area of 490,000m2, in which the Convention Centre takes up 194,000m2 with 6 stories, including a 2181 seat conference hall (Poly Theater), a 505 seat concert hall, four 1000 m2 multipurpose rooms, exhibition room, conference room, VIP room, multifunctional area and dining areas.

大会议厅主要用于剧院演出及大型会议使用，从功能上要满足最高上限照度的同时，还要满足剧院例如音乐剧、儿童剧、发布会等各种演出需求。其实，对于常规剧院场馆来讲，灯光的工作就是场灯，会议环境照明，清洁、中场休息等等常用功能，很简单。但面对ZAHA的设计，这里就是颠覆传统的挑战。在如同腐蚀岩洞的空间中，透光岩壁的孔洞为空间提供照明。大小不一的白色发光体其实是装饰性极强的造型，目的是在流动中强调秩序与美感。如今，并没有哪个剧院项目有成功的案例支撑这样大手笔的灯光效果，在ZAHA的众多作品中，这种只是装饰而已。为了达到极致的效果，我们不希望在天花中任何位置设置功能灯具来破坏这个整体的美，于是，我们采用了一种独特的方式，即整个设计中不采用一盏筒灯,我们开始用发光膜作为主功能照明的尝试。

Conference is the main function of the conference hall. Aside from meeting maximum illuminance targets for functional lighting, other functions such as musicals, plays and presentations are also considered. For most conference halls, stage lighting is usually used aside with general lighting to fulfill basic maintenance and access functions. However, with ZAHA’s architecture, conventional design is overturned. Lighting through the holes of pervious tough textured surfaces is like lighting a space of corroded rocks. Varied sizes of white luminous bodies presents a strong decorative style, it emphasizes order and aesthetics within the “Flow”. The extravagant spending and efforts put into theater lighting effects are rare in these days, and this is only a decorative detail among ZAHA’s many designs. We did not want to place any functional spot lights on the ceiling to ruin the intended conceptual effects. Instead, luminescence films are used as main functional lighting.

灯光是室内设计师或者室内材料的再发挥，对于没有过多采光照明的大会议厅，尤其依赖于灯光照明；灯光的颜色、光度以及要表达的环境的气氛，都是材料另外一种的体现。在初步了解透光膜的光学参数后，我们用AGI软件进行了模拟计算，以得到最精确的数据参考，但结果却不是很尽如人意，采用大功率LED模组的拉膜灯箱提供环境的照度不足200Lux，这是非常棘手的问题，我们找来了材料供应商，进行大量的拉膜研究，因为拉膜对光的折射及表面漫反射的能力相对较弱，但透射能力极高，这是由于拉膜属于微孔类材料，他的作用不单单是装饰，还兼顾将声波转化为能量的吸音特性，保持拉膜白度的基础上，最高可有70%的光被有效输出了，这个高输出也因灯箱2次反射积累的部分能量得到释放有一定关系，随后我们又在类似的拉膜中进行表面亮度测试，目的在于得到最佳地面照度的同时让发光膜一样显出最合适的亮度比，材料确定后我们拿到了满意的照度报告。然后又经过多次打板测试，终于确定了，这种方式对于剧场类照明是可行的。

Lighting further develops interior design and materials. Deficiency in daylighting made the concert hall even more depended on lighting. The colour temperature, luminosity, and mood of which lighting brings to a space expressed materials in another way. After familiarizing with the photometric of the luminescence film, AGI calculations was done to acquire the most accurate lighting data. The results were less than satisfactory. High power LED module films with light box only provided an environmental illumination of 200 lux, and this was a huge issue. This is due to the film’s weak ability to refract and diffuse reflected light on surfaces with a high transmission capacity. Aside from the decorative aspects of microporous materials, they also have the ability to absorb sound by transforming sound waves into energy. After multiple tensile membrane tests with the manufactures, 70% of light is effectively transmitted into the intended space. The high transmittance rate is achieved partly through the energy release of secondary reflected light accumulation. In order to fulfill the ground illumination target while maintaining appropriate luminance on film surfaces, additional surface luminance tests were carried out. With the satisfactory test results and multiple test models, the lighting technique with light box was proved to be feasible.

既然有了大大小小密布的发光膜，又采用了LED，我们想赋予它更多的可能性，于是将精力放到了调光控制上。大家都知道，场灯在演出前后的作用就是渐明渐暗过度，以降低快速亮度过度给人带来的不适感，我们要做的是把动态的渐变与场灯功能结合，在开场时，所有的灯光会以列为单位，采用追逐渐变的方式由后区向前区缓慢变化，采用亮度与视觉焦点双重变化，让观众的注意力慢慢的集中到舞台；利用独立通道控制，我们可以实现儿童剧及童话剧中，舞台与观众席场灯的互动，带来更加趣味的观赏环境。开放性的控制协议可以实现更多的可能性，让场灯发挥更大的作用。

Other possibilities with lighting control were proposed for the densely covered LED luminescence films. It is thought that dynamic dimming control of the films could mimic the gradual change of theatre lights before and after performances, to ease the discomfort from sudden change of brightness. Therefore, before performances, the films are designed to illuminate from back to front in secession. With control of both luminance and visual focus, the attention of viewers would concentrate gradually towards the stage. With independent channel control, interactive lighting can be achieved, adding interesting factors during children’s plays. Open control brings additional possibilities for real life implementation, also maximizing functions of theatre lights.  

音乐厅与大会议厅类似，但由于飘带的加入，使这个音乐“洞穴”增添了更加奇趣与神秘的效果。这里功能灯发挥了更大的作用，在舞台正上方的功能灯在演出时也会为场上提供必要的环境光，以增加气氛。飘带自身兼顾了功能照明与氛围烘托，所以我们设计了双功能系统，内部设置了白光及RGB彩色光双LED Mesh系统做逐点控制，白光会在演出前后提供动态流动的开场与闭场功能照明、也会在保证地面照度一直的前提下进行无序的水纹变化，甚至在特殊演出或其他功能中使用RGB的全彩调光，感染整个环境的气氛，这些新的概念与使用是以前从未想象与涉及的。

Design of concert hall is similar to the conference hall. However, with the addition of luminous ribbon-like surfaces, mystery and delightfulness become bonus to this “Cave of Music”. In this area, functional lighting has not only provided sufficient environmental light for performers on stage, but also enhanced the atmospheres. The ribbons are designed with double function system to fulfill functional lighting and establish mood within the atmosphere. Its lighting system is set up with individual control point for both white and RGB LED mesh lighting. White light provides directional lighting before and after performances. In addition, non-sequential watermark variations could be displayed on ground surface while maintaining constant ground illumination.  On the other hand, RGB full color dimmable control would operate in special occasion performances in order to influence the ambience. These are brand new concept and techniques, in which had never been imagined nor applied.

室内公共区小型接待厅空间照明及接待台，项目难点在于所有照明均设计采用间接光及装饰光来完成，采用4种大小规格不同的菱形定制灯完成，灯具的安装与拆卸均从外层天花操作完成，天花内的支架用来固定灯具是否与开孔处吻合，所以在安装与拆卸灯具时不需要额外工具配合，保证安装面效果一直的前提下大大的提高了施工速度。同时，大菱形灯还充当这天花维修孔的角色，极大的美观了天花效果。

Lighting design for the small reception room and reception desk in the interior public area were difficult due to the adaptation of indirect and decorative lighting. Four types of custom designed diamond shaped fixtures with different specifications were used. In addition, installation and removal of fixtures could only be carried out at the external ceiling layer. Therefore, brackets are installed within the ceiling to ensure alignment between fixtures and installation openings. With no additional tool needed during installation or removal of fittings, construction speed was greatly improved while ensuring the effects of installation surface. At the same time, huge diamond shaped lights also function as the maintenance openings, creating a visually more pleasing ceiling surface to the viewers.

公共区的挑战来源于“流动”与“能量”的主题，我们要在穿行开放的空间中，四通八达的路网会迷失方向，于是团队试图将流动赋予所有人可及之处，在交汇点聚集、扭转、发散，将能量释放在冲突中。在多通道空间中，利用排布，我们引导着人们行走的方向，在这，你能跟着感觉走到你想去的地方，这也是ZAHA团队想看到的结果。

“Flow” and “Energy” became the main challenge when lighting the public area. Extensive network could be misleading when people are travelling within open spaces. Thus, our design team provided mobility and direction to people by focusing, twisting and diverging conflicts at intersection point. In multichannel spaces, we want to guide people by optimizing lighting configuration. Meeting the expectation of ZAHA’s team, lighting now could follow where the travellers intended to go.

所有公共区均采用调光控制，控制分配的原则为同一空间内一样大小的菱形为一条调光回路，此方式大大降低造价的同时，仍可满足各种调光场景的需求，根据菱形面积大小使用不同的调光等级逐级递减亮度，在变化场景时人眼也不会察觉到表面亮度不一致的微弱变化.

Dimming control is adapted in all public areas. By controlling same sized diamond shaped lights within the same circuit; it did not only greatly reduced the cost but also provided varieties in different lighting sceneries. Varied dimming levels are used to descend brightness according to the areas of “diamonds” to assure constant surface brightness for the viewers.

这些开放式空间的照明是为使用者提供感知性指引，他是结合了亮度指向性、视觉指向性与形态指向性等多种类型，利用潜在暗示作用来实现的，就这样灯光的专业建议与室内的视觉效果在两家公司间频繁的交换，最终确定了150mm、300mm、450mm、600mm等尺寸的菱形发光模块在环境中的位置，来做到上述功能，且除这些发光模块外，不增加额外照明设备。要做到既满足视觉与感知需求，又可达到照明意图，要共同付出很多的时间与精力才可能完成。

Lighting of this particular open space is aimed to provide perceptual guidance for viewers. It is achieved through hinted cues given in the combination of brightness, visual and form directivity along with other factors. Prior to frequent communications between professional lighting consultant and interior visual effects companies; dimensions of 150mm, 300mm, 450mm, and 600mm diamond-shaped lighting modules have been adapted with no additional fixtures to achieve the design aim. The goal of meeting visual, perceptual and functional lighting requirements requires intensive work and efforts from all parties.

光与空间是互相影响、互为表情、创造共同情绪的交集，青奥会议中心的完成让灯光更深层次的表现了“光材料”的魅力，演出一场光与空间的共舞。

Light and space mutually influences each other, their integration generates emotions in layers. The completion of Youth Olympic Conference Centre illustrated the charm of “optic material” with greater depth, performed a dance between light and space.

一层音乐厅天花图

二层夹层会议厅天花图

二层音乐厅天花图

会议厅立面图

会议厅立面图

音乐厅立面照明定位图

音乐厅立面照明定位图

业主：南京市河西新城区国有资产经营（控股）有限责任公司
灯光设计：GD-Lighting Design大观国际设计咨询有限公司(www.gd-lightingdesign.com）
灯光设计团队：王彦智、黄新玉、任慧、周同迅、熊小梅
建筑及室内设计：Zaha Hadid Architects
项目地点：江苏•南京
建筑面积：10.8万平方米
完工时间：2014年7月
摄影师：舒赫

Client: Development and Construction Department of Hexi New Town
Lighting Design: GD-Lighting Design (www.gd-lightingdesign.com）
Lighting Designers: Yan Zhi Wang, Xin Yu Huang, Hui Ren, Tong Xun Zhou, Xiao Mei Xiong
Architectural and Interior Design: Zaha Hadid Architects
Project Location: Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Area: 108,000 m2
Completion Time: July, 2014
Photographer: He Shu


来源：本文由GD-Lighting Design大观国际设计咨询有限公司提供稿件，所有著作权归属GD-Lighting Design大观国际设计咨询有限公司所有。