Rendering to Reality: 12 Remarkable Buildings That Were Brought to Life in 2016

由专筑网姚小俊，杨帆编译

优秀的渲染图是强大的沟通方式，渲染在建筑教育中具有很高的价值，在建筑实践中更是如此。它最出色的地方在于能够激发观众的兴趣，获得竞赛评审的认可，以及说服客户签下合同并支付资金。图像公司使用architizer的“写实渲染”系列工具制作的效果图将他们的概念转化为多维现实。

类似于商业楼、住宅、音乐厅、美术馆等工程项目的概念效果图通常比较直接。相比之下，其他项目更加呼应建筑的形式语言，但是，通过材料选择、设计或经济约束，可能会失去效果图中渲染出的敬畏、浪漫和神秘的气氛。这是一场我们都必须面对的战争：我们为了取悦节俭的客户或焦躁的公众，要如何妥协我们的建筑愿景？

在这里，我们在左侧列出一些本年度最显著的效果图，其竣工建筑列在对应的右侧。下面的评论，告诉我们哪些项目是更无差距地建造，哪些表现出了明显的偏差：

A well-composed rendering is a powerful mode of communication, valuable in architectural education and even more so in architectural practice. At its best, it excites viewers, helping to convince competition judges to award wins and clients to send money your way through a high-profile commission. It’s exactly this kind of visceral imagery that the firms profiled in Architizer’s popular “Rendering to Reality” series drew upon on their ways to transform their concepts into multidimensional realities.
The built projects — spanning commercial towers and residences to music halls and art museums — often constitute a literal translation of their concept renderings. In contrast, other projects echo the formal language of the renderings but, through either material selection, redesign or financial constraints, may have lost some of the awe-inducing, romantic and mystical qualities that the renderings had in droves. It is a battle we all must face: How much do we compromise our architectural visions in order to please a thrifty client or an agitated community?
Here, we line up some of the year’s most notable renderings on the left, with their complete (or near-complete) counterparts on the right. Comment below, telling us which of these projects you believe had the more seamless built translations and which showed significant deviation:

曼哈顿的积木塔

即将竣工的住宅塔楼高821英尺（250米），高57层。其堆叠的立方体设计被誉为积木块，并以顶部最为明显，10个阁楼交错排列，产生了200英尺的围合视野。不规则的堆叠体块打破了摩天大楼单调的外观，使这座豪华玻璃大厦更加人性化。”

Herzog & de Meuron’s “Jenga Tower” Stacks Up in Manhattan
“The residential tower, which is nearing completion, is 821 feet (250 meters) tall and 57 stories high. Its stacked, cubic design has earned comparisons to Jenga blocks. This is most apparent near the top, which features 10 penthouses stacked in a staggered arrangement that allows for 200-foot wraparound views. The irregular pattern of the stacked volumes breaks down the monolithic nature of the skyscraper, lending the luxury glass edifice a more human scale.”

Bjarke Ingels的蛇形画廊

“英格尔斯指出，建筑的设计深受Minecraft影响，Minecraft是一个玩家可以操纵他们的环境创造出新颖的结构和景观的视频游戏，在这个游戏中建造的景观往往会脱离传统建筑的形式。记者也记起电影“哈利•波特”中 Diagon Alley的入口：一个被施了魔法的砖墙，用魔法棒轻点几下，可以使砖块自行分解成门洞。这般不同寻常的建筑唤起了人们的开放意识，诉说乐建筑师对新建筑的想象。”

Snapshots of Bjarke Ingels’ Serpentine Pavilion Surface on Instagram
“Ingels has noted that the building’s design was influenced by Minecraft, a video game in which players manipulate their environment to create inventive structures and landscapes that often depart wildly from established architectural conventions. This reporter is also reminded of the entrance to Diagon Alley in the ‘Harry Potter’ films: an enchanted brick wall that, with a few taps of a wand, can disassemble itself brick by brick to form a threshold. Like that enchanted wall, Ingels’ unusual building evokes a sense of open-endedness that speaks to the architect’s commitment to imagining new possibilities in architecture.”

让•努维尔在阿布扎比的穹顶卢浮宫

“原建筑的语汇-伸展的穿孔圆顶覆盖在人造岛上-借鉴传统的被动冷却方法，呼应该地区典型的编织棕榈叶屋顶。180米宽（590英尺）的网格结构使自然光渗透到内部，水道穿梭在复杂的领奖台和平台之间；这个措施产生了一系列神奇的空间，内部画廊与外部街道之间的界限很好地模糊了。

Jean Nouvel’s Domed Louvre Takes Shape in Abu Dhabi
“The primary architectural gesture — an expansive, perforated dome hovering above the man-made archipelago — draws on traditional methods of passive cooling, echoing the woven palm-frond roofs that are typical of the region. The 180-meter-wide (590-feet-wide) latticed structure allows natural light to permeate the heart of the complex, with waterways weaving between podiums and platforms; this promises to provide a magical series of spaces, with the line between internal galleries and external street-like conditions wonderfully blurred.”

Diller Scofidio 和 Renfro所做“级联校园”使医学教育走向新高度

“这座建筑反映了大学在二十一世纪如何教授、学习和实践医学的哲学。其最引人注目的方面是研究空间的垂直联系，它使建筑南侧具有与众不同的外观。由此产生的蜿蜒的序列展示了协作精神的建筑意向，通过阶梯研究大厅、学生公共室、团体和私人学习室和咖啡店很好的地表达了这一主题”。

Diller Scofidio + Renfro’s “Cascading Campus” Takes Medical Education to New Heights
“The building is a reflection of the University’s philosophy on how medicine should be taught, learned and practiced in the 21st century. Its most striking aspect is the vertical cascade of study spaces, which lends the south side of the building a distinctive section-like appearance. The resulting meandering sequence shores up the architectural intent in encouraging a collaborative spirit, as expressed through a stepped study lounge, a student commons, group and private study areas and a café.”

OMA的超凡脱俗的台北表演艺术中心

“OMA的概念源于渴望摆脱已经广为人知的音乐厅设计，即通常有一个固定的“前”和“后”计划。通过非常规的布局，使用更多创意的想法否定已有的传统方案。为此，设计方案颠覆了典型的剧院类型，采用了可移动的墙壁和灵活安排的座位，使Grand and Multiform音乐厅融入“超级剧场”，剧场可容纳一个巨大的超级观众围台，高达100米（330英尺）长，可以按照项目要求变换空间来达到总体目标。”

OMA’s Otherworldly Taipei Performing Arts Center Approaches Completion
“OMA’s concept originates in the desire to break free from the accepted conventions for concert hall design, which typically have a fixed plan with a ‘front’ and ‘back’ and thereby negate choreographers with more creative ideas that require unconventional layouts. With this in mind, the proposal upends typical theater typology through the use of movable walls and flexible seating arrangements, which allow the Grand and Multiform halls to merge into the aptly named ‘Super Theater.’ The Super Theater accommodates a huge audience to surround a stage up to 100 meters (330 feet) long and fits the overall goal to transform space according to program.”

泰国最高建筑彻底改变了曼谷的天际线

“Mahanakhon塔经过精心雕刻引入了三维建筑像素带，缠绕着整个塔的高度揭示出建筑的内部生活，”Buro Ole Scheeren网站对该项目这样描述。“这座玻璃摩天盒具有广阔的视野和宽敞的内部空间，罕见的高层生活很适合曼谷的热带气候。像素被设计为最大限度的无遮挡全景和提供了可以鸟瞰城市和Chaophraya 河的视角”。

Thailand’s Tallest Building Utterly Transforms the Bangkok Skyline
“Mahanakhon Tower has been carefully carved to introduce a three-dimensional ribbon of architectural pixels that coil up the tower’s full height to reveal the inner life of the building,” reads a description of the project on the Buro Ole Scheeren website. “This generates a set of specific features — projecting glass skyboxes with sweeping views and generous indoor/outdoor spaces — uncommon to high-rise living but well-suited to the tropical climate of Bangkok. The pixels have been designed to maximize unobstructed panoramas and offer rare bird’s-eye views of the city and Chaophraya River.”

扎哈•哈迪德设计的Antwerp的水晶港务局

“扎哈•哈迪德建筑事务所在Antwerp的一座旧消防站上，加建了新的水晶结构体，作为欧洲第二大港口城市，该项目进行了详细的历史研究和分析，现有的建筑为港口管理局日益增长的使用需求提供了空间。扎哈的新建筑由汉萨美术楼所支撑，像一座巨大的冰山，用巨大的混凝土支墩和建筑南部边缘的悬臂平衡着整体。”

Zaha Hadid’s Crystalline Port Authority Arrives in Antwerp
“Zaha Hadid Architects has topped off its crystalline addition to an old fire station in the port city of Antwerp. As Europe’s second largest port, the new structure, informed by detailed historical research and analysis of the site and existing building was designed to provide space for the increasing demands for a new port authority. Bolstered atop the Hanseatic Beaux-Arts building, Hadid’s prismatic intervention perches precariously like a vast iceberg, balancing on a massive concrete buttress and cantilevering beyond the southern edge of the building.”

库柏•西梅布芬事务所设计的银色云装裹的新深圳博物馆

“事务所负责设计两个博物馆：当代设计博物馆和规划展览博物馆。作为福田文化区总体规划的一部分，工作室创造了两个不同的建筑体，统一使用了半透明的表面和一系列石材百叶窗。建筑在地面上以扭曲的棋盘格形式提升，以此与周围建筑物的高度相协调。内部有钢桁架支撑的天窗，如迷宫般的凸起。玻璃包围着巨大的银色的“云”，是复杂的主入口广场的中心装饰品，其中包含着中央楼梯。

Coop Himmelb(l)au Equips Its New Shenzhen Museum With an Amorphous Silver Cloud
“Tasked with designing two museums: The Museum of Contemporary Design and the Planning Exhibition. As part of the Futian Cultural District masterplan, the firm created two distinct volumes that are unified by a translucent skin and a series of stone louvers. The twisting, tessellated form is raised above the ground by several meters in order to match the height of the surrounding buildings. The interior reveals a labyrinthine swell of glazed skylights supported by a frame of steel trusses. The glazing encircles a massive silver ‘cloud,’ a centerpiece of the complex’s main entrance area the ‘plaza,’ containing the central stairs.”

Hollwich Kushner设计的醒目的费城Pennovation 中心

“Hollwich Kushner希望通过这个建筑表明：建筑存在的问题能够进一步激发出新的想法，该建筑为宾夕法尼亚大学的小企业创业公司、企业家和创业者提供了多功能的创业孵化基地。最近完成的一个项目是南费城的一个前油漆厂的彻底改造，目的是形成一个新的城市地标，在Schuylkill河东岸形成积极的创新文化。”

Hollwich Kushner’s Striking Pennovation Center Lands in Philadelphia
“The question of architecture helping to inspire new ideas is one Hollwich Kushner hopes to answer with its Pennovation Center, a multifunctional incubator for small-business startups, entrepreneurs and innovators at the University of Pennsylvania. Recently completed, the project — a radical reinvention of a former paint factory in South Philadelphia — is intended to form a new urban landmark and foster a culture of creativity on the east bank of the Schuylkill River.”

Allied Works建筑师为加拿大国家音乐中心引入聚集的助声器

工作室描述说：“160000平方英尺的项目是通过九个相连的塔楼连接而成，具有巨大的悬索桥，它使得建筑能够横跨在Calgary的中央大道上。结构具有一系列的釉面陶土砖，它起伏的形状形成“对Stampede公园、Bow河和周围都市风光都一览无余的参考助声器”。

Allied Works Architecture Evokes a Gathering of Acoustic Vessels for Its National Music Centre in Canada
“The 160,000-square-foot project is formed through the connection of nine interlocking towers, featuring a dramatically suspended bridge, which allows the building to straddle over a central road in Calgary. With a series of glazed terra-cotta tiles, the structure’s undulating form ‘references acoustic vessels while allowing for sweeping views of the Stampede Park, Bow River and surrounding cityscape,’ as described by the firm.”

Penda完成无限流向的迷宫般的艺术礼堂

“Penda采用瑞门系统的重复拱形结构作为项目的排序逻辑。在灰色的混凝土空间内部，设计工作室插入了一个生动的盒子，包含了拱形结构、镜子和踏步，作为礼堂的入口通道和建筑的核心。流线型的木拱门与未加工的混凝土结构形成的对比令人回想起在埃克塞特的Louis Kahn设计的Exeter图书馆里引人注目的中庭。落地式的镜子位于木“盒子”的侧面，创建出拱门无限复形的幻觉，在不同的方向上都起到了扩大空间的效果。

Penda Completes a Labyrinthine Art Auditorium That Flows to Infinity
“Penda employed an Escher-esque system of repeating arches as the ordering logic of the project. Inside the gray concrete space, the design studio ‘inserted a lively box of arches, mirrors and steps’ to serve as the entryway and programmatic heart of the auditorium. The contrast of fluid timber arches against the raw concrete structure is reminiscent of Louis Kahn’s dramatic atrium in the Exeter Library. Floor-to-ceiling mirrors that flank the timber ‘box’ create an illusion of an infinite complex of arches, expanding the space in a multitude of directions.”

Vincent Callebaut设计的先进的森林大楼

“Callebaut将陶朱隐园描述为“城市之树”，这与他另一个概念性的结构类似，分层设计，留下充足的空间种植植被。建筑将容纳23000棵树，每年吸收二氧化碳约130吨，这与中央公园的规模和网络中立性类似，公园包含26000棵树。旧金山工作室SWA将在街道层面上继续精心修建花园景观。”

Vincent Callebaut’s Radical Forested Tower Takes Shape in Taiwan
“Callebaut describes Tao Zhu Yin Yuan as an ‘inhabited tree,’ which — similar to his other conceptual structures — features a tiered design that leaves ample space for planted vegetation. The building will house 23,000 trees, absorbing 130 tons of carbon dioxide each year, similar in scale and net neutrality to Central Park, which contains 26,000 trees. The gardens continue at street level with a landscape crafted by the San Francisco firm SWA.” Check out the full story here.


Kweku Addo-Atuah介绍
Serpentine Galleries提供蛇形画廊的图片；Port House图片来自于EverythingAboutDesign.com；其他的图片由各建筑事务所提供。

Introduction by Kweku Addo-Atuah
Serpentine Pavilion Images via the Serpentine Galleries; Port House Images via EverythingAboutDesign.com; other images courtesy of the architects.


出处：本文译自architizer.com/，转载请注明出处。