用真菌建立的拱形亭子
Fungus used to build arching pavilion in Kerala

由专筑网缕夕，杨帆编译

一群印度和意大利建筑师在印度西南部使用菌丝体 （蘑菇或其他真菌的肉质部分）建造了一个亭子，展示了如何将这些材料搭造大型活动的临时场所。

印度Beetles 3.3工作室的 Asif Rahman和意大利建筑工作室的Giombattista Arredia及Mohamad Yassin在喀拉拉邦州的高知堡建造了以菌丝体覆盖的建筑装置。

A group of Indian and Italian architects has built a pavilion in southwest India using mycelium – the fleshy part of a mushroom or other fungus – to demonstrate how the material could be used to create temporary venues for major events.
Asif Rahman of Indian studio Beetles 3.3, and Giombattista Arredia and Mohamad Yassin of Italian architecture studio Yassin Arredia Design teamed up to create the Shell Mycelium installation in Fort Kochi, in the state of Kerala.

他们的目标是尝试用菌丝体作为替代建筑材料，由于其环保特性，特别适合建造临时结构。

他们认为，在国际体育赛事和世界公开赛等大型活动中，它可以轻松地用于创造临时而不是永久性的结构。

Their aim was to promote mycelium as an alternative construction material that is particularly suitable for building temporary structures, thanks to its environmentally friendly properties.
They believe it could be easily utilised to create temporary rather than permanent structures during major events, like international sports tournaments and world expos.

“在大多数情况下，装置的结构是永久性的，利用重型建筑材料建造，”团队解释说。

“这种做法在拆除和处理方面造成了很多实际困难，在活动结束之后，整个世界都在跳舞和庆祝，城市却成为一个有着疤痕的身体，没有生命。”

“我们批评这些没有思考的选择，建筑应该从自然中来，最后又回归自然，好像从未存在过。”

"In most of the cases the structures constructed are permanent, making use of heavy construction material," explained the team.
"This approach leads to many practical difficulties in demolition and disposal," they continued. "At the end of the event, after the entire world has danced and celebrated, the city remains a scarred body, devoid of life."
"We criticise these unconscious political choices, with living buildings that arise from nature and return to nature, as though they never existed."

近年来，几位建筑师和设计师试验了使用菌丝体作为建筑材料，其中包括纽约制片人的“生活”（The Living），他们用它来构建MoMA PS1画廊的展馆，以及荷兰设计师Eric Klarenbeek，他们用它来创造家具。

真菌学家菲利普•罗斯（Philip Ross）给Rahman、Arredia和Yassin介绍了材料，他一直在研究将菌丝体与皮革结合在一起的方法。

In recent years, several architects and designers have experimented with using mycelium as a building material, including New York studio The Living, who used it to build a pavilion for the MoMA PS1 gallery, and Dutch designer Eric Klarenbeek, who has used it to create furniture.
Rahman, Arredia and Yassin were introduced to the material by mycologist Philip Ross, who has been looking at ways of combining mycelium with leather.

材料的独特之处在于可以与添加的框架进行合并。在菌丝亭这个实例中，材料与三角木材框架相结合。 

The unique characteristic of the material is that can merge with the framework to which it is added. In the case of the Shell Mycelium pavilion, the material became combined with a triangulated timber framework.

为了实现这一点，建筑师在结构中创建了一系列类似托盘的空腔。这些地方布满了真菌，然后用椰子树皮包覆椰子果皮纤维。在时间上，顶层的真菌干燥死亡，在菌丝体上形成保护壳。

To make this happen, the architects created a series of tray-like cavities in the structure. These were filled with fungus then covered over with coir pith, which consists of coconut husk fibres. In time, the top layer dried up and died, creating a protective shell over the mycelium.

设计师说：“亭子是由孢子制成的，木结构形成了越来越多的地面。菌丝体与之融合，转变并通过它生长。”

该项目成为2016年12月至2017年3月举行的 Kochi Muziris双年展的一部分。

"The shell pavilion is a pavilion made of spores and the wooden structure forms the growing ground," said the designers. "The mycelium eats it, merges with it, transforms it and grows through it."
The project formed part of the programme for the Kochi Muziris Biennale 2016, which took place from December 2016 until March 2017.

在双年展的整个持续时间内，随着菌丝生长结构也在生长，并在亭子顶上形成了白色的覆盖物。

设计师补充说：“随着双年展即将结束，装置也开始缓慢地分解，游客可以参与体验到其中。”

摄影：Krishna and Govind Raja。

The structure evolved throughout the duration of the biennale, as the mycelium grew and formed a white covering over the pavilion's roof.
"As the biennale came to a close, the structure had slowly started to disintegrate, while curious visitors experience it," added the designers.
Photography is by Krishna and Govind Raja.

项目信息
本土建筑师：Giombattista Areddia, Asif Rahman, Mohamad Yassin
合作者：Nikhil Ommen Mani, Beetles 3.3 architecture
建设：Baboy
木匠：Ansen and Viju
施工：Rohit Thomas

Project credits:
Lead architects: Giombattista Areddia, Asif Rahman, Mohamad Yassin
Collaborators: Nikhil Ommen Mani, Beetles 3.3 architecture
Construction: Baboy
Carpenters: Ansen and Viju
Construction support: Rohit Thomas


出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。