3 Townhouses in Balmain / Shed Architects + Terence Yong
由专筑网李韧，杨帆编译
构思
该项目位于澳大利亚Balmain的一个历史街区，建筑师计划建造附带有停车区域的当代联排住宅。
该建筑位于一块小型城市基地之中，基地面积约270平方米，而建筑占地面积约180平方米，穿过层层树林与建筑屋顶，居住者能够欣赏到远处的城市美景。这座建筑的设计充分考虑了防火需求，并以舒适实用为出发点，这些独特的设计要求也让建筑成为亮点，形成一系列有趣的动态空间。
Compact
Our idea is to create three townhouses with security parking (the original brief) that are contemporary and exciting yet completely at home in the historic neighbourhood of Balmain.
Covering just 2/3 (approximately 180sqm of 270sqm) of a tiny urban infill site that has amazing views across the trees and rooftops towards the city and Anzac Bridge, the houses are designed down to the millimetre to accommodate competing fire regulation and separation, amenity and utility requirements. In return, such constraints result in an interesting sequence of dynamic spatial experiences that direct (movement), expand and contract in different shapes and forms.
Courtesy of Terence Yong
一层平面图-图解/First floor plan / Diagram
公共通道走廊-房屋C/Section through public entry corridor + House C
“我们非常惊讶建筑师在这么一个小型地块上放置了三座如此高效的住宅。这个作品非常惊艳。”——一位建筑师这么评价道。
“I’m blown away by how you managed to fit three efficiently planned homes on such a tiny site, all with dual aspects. Absolutely stunning!”
— an Architect at the AAA ‘At home with the Architect’ self-drive architecture tour.
Courtesy of Terence Yong
建造背景
方案设计灵感来源于Balmain的传统背景，宽度为4米的住宅A和住宅B面向街道并排放置，其间有一条1米宽的走廊。居住者可以通过走廊来到中央开放庭院，然后便能进入住宅。
Contextual
Inspired by the fine-grain character and eclectic context of Balmain, the street frontage has two 4m wide houses (House A and B) sitting side-by-side with a 1m wide open corridor in between. It provides common access to a central open courtyard, followed by entries to the houses whilst encouraging casual social interactions.
Courtesy of Terence Yong
住宅A位于西侧，整体是三层的白色建筑，其中有一个屋顶平台，整个立面形态与基地其他建筑相类似。而住宅B则位于基地东侧，是灰色的两层建筑，其阳台模仿了相邻建筑的形式。这两座建筑紧密相连，但各自相互独立，沿着街道形成不同的空间序列。临街的各元素将建筑与周边环境在空间上相衔接。
On the West, House A is 3-storey, white, has a flat roof and mimics the envelope of the previous building on the site; on the East, House B is 2-storey, grey and mimics the profile of the adjacent terrace house. Whilst the two houses are linked, the effect is to create an appearance of two separate houses that add to the sequence of different dwellings along the existing streetscape. Street frontage elements are also articulated and aligned to key datum lines to seamlessly integrate the two houses with adjacent neighbours.
Courtesy of Terence Yong
特点
建筑外部材料的选择也从侧面反应了内部空间形态。挡风板、混凝土墙、木制窗框，以及金属覆层让建筑独具特色。建筑的室内设计了不同的空间形式与景观朝向，让居住者能够以不同的角度来欣赏室外美景，建筑师还参考了Balmain传统的工业建筑以及折中主义作品，使室内的居住者能产生不同的空间感受。
Unique
The choice of external materials reflects the humble origins of the suburb. Weatherboard cladding, off-form concrete base walls, timber-framed windows and standing seam metal cladding are combined in different arrangements and colours to give each house an individual character and identity. Internally, the houses have different spatial qualities, views, vistas and relationships with outside, including subtle differences in interiors that reference Balmain’s industrial heritage and its eclectic architecture.
Courtesy of Terence Yong
每个住宅都显得功能灵活，居住者可以按照需求来调整室内空间。开放起居室与卧室空间相分离，但与街道及其周边环境联系密切，因此具有良好的景观视角。
住宅A中，建筑师运用开放钢梯作为建筑的竖向交通枢纽。在地面层，居住者可以通过小型阳台来到卧室套间，因此这个空间可以灵活地转化成为一个家庭办公场所。而一层部分则包含有开放起居室、转角阳台，顶层则设置的是主卧套间，在这里，居住者具有宽阔的全景视角。
Each house is flexibly designed to offer a number opportunities for occupation. Open-plan living areas are excluded from bedrooms but are visually connected with the street and its surrounding context hence contributing to passive surveillance.
House A has a vertical spatial expression as it is internally linked by a dramatic open-riser steel stair. On the street level, the secondary bedroom suite has level access via a small terrace hence it is convertible to a home office. The ground level contains open-plan living areas and a corner balcony whilst the top level contains the main bedroom suite, all enjoying panoramic district views.
Courtesy of Terence Yong
住宅B的地面层同样拥有卧室套间，位于开放起居室的上方。厨房空间面向街道，出来便是一直延伸向北侧露台的长条形起居室。锯齿形屋顶模仿了当地仓库的传统形态，让建筑具有浓郁的地方特色。
住宅C的开放起居室同样一直延伸向北侧花园。建筑的中央为通高空间，这里设置有开放式楼梯，居住者可以在这里欣赏到街道的美景。
House B has bedrooms on the ground level with open-plan living areas above. The long living space flows horizontally from the kitchen on the street side to the North-facing terrace with a saw-tooth roof similar to local warehouses that gives the house the quality of a local workshop.
House C has open-plan living areas that open to a generous North-facing grassed garden. The centre of the house has a dramatic double-height void containing a top-lit open stair that enjoys views back down the open corridor to the street.
Courtesy of Terence Yong
可持续设计策略
虽然建筑密度较大，并且场地的限制也较多，但每座住宅都拥有良好的自然采光与通风系统。住宅A拥有北向大开窗，而阳光能够通过楼梯之间的间隙进入室内。面向北面的厨房和南侧主要开口同样有效地为整个生活区域带来充足的自然通风。
Sustainable
Despite the density and site constraints, each house enjoys ample solar access and effective cross-ventilation. House A has high-level, operable North-facing windows that admit direct sunlight deep into the living areas through the stair void. Together with the North-facing louvres in the kitchen and South-facing primary openings, effective cross-ventilation is provided throughout the living areas.
剖面图A-图解/Section House A + C / Diagram
街道立面-图解/Streetscape elevation / Diagram
住宅B同样面向北侧，阳光通过天窗和百叶进入室内。起居室的两侧开有通风开口，为室内带来有效的自然通风。
In addition to a large North-facing opening, House B has operable skylights with integrated blinds on the North-facing planes of the saw-tooth roof that admit direct sunlight. Together with the openings at each opposite end of the living areas, effective cross-ventilation is provided.
Courtesy of Terence Yong
建筑师在住宅C的立面上设置了木制系统，主要保障了居住者的隐私。其主要通风方式来源于环绕入口的南向百叶。
House C has large North-facing openings that are protected by timber sunshades and privacy blade walls. They work with the South-facing louvres around the entry to provide effective cross-ventilation throughout the living areas.
Courtesy of Terence Yong
建筑师在设计中还运用了其他可持续措施，包括反向饰面施工策略、Low-E双层玻璃窗、高度隔热的围护结构、木制地板、室内空间的光反射系统、景观水回流系统、土壤优化策略、雨水回收系统、场地污水回收装置、自行车停车区域、衣物烘干设备、顶层管状天窗、高效配件设施、速热燃气系统等多项节能装置。
Other notable sustainable initiatives include reversed block veneer construction; Low-E and double glazed windows; highly insulated building envelopes; timber floorings; light-reflective interiors; low water-use landscapes; optimised deep soil areas; rainwater tank; on-site detention tank; provision for bicycle parking and clothes drying (hills hoist); tubular skylights to top-level wet areas; efficient fittings, fixtures and appliances; 6 star gas instantaneous hot-water system; gas cooktops.
Courtesy of Terence Yong
Courtesy of Terence Yong
Courtesy of Terence Yong
Courtesy of Terence Yong
地下层平面图/Basement floor plan
地下层平面图/Basement floor plan
底层平面图/Ground floor plan
一层平面图/First floor plan
底层平面图-图解/Ground floor plan / Diagram
细节/Detail 01
图解/Diagram 02
剖面图A+C/Section House A + C
剖面图A+C/Section House A + C
剖面图A+C-图解/Section House A + C / Diagram
公共入口+走廊/Section Public entry + corridor
街道立面/Streetscape elevation
建筑设计：Shed Architects, Terence Yong
地点：澳大利亚
室内设计：Space Control
景观设计：LanscapesByJo
面积：210平方米
项目时间：2017年
制造商：James Hardie, Resene
建造商：Trico Constructions
建筑勘察：Essential Certifiers
消防安全工程设计：Scientific Fire Services
结构、道路和雨水工程：M+G Consulting
可持续建筑评估：BasixMax
交通工程设计：Varga Traffic Planning
设计项目总监：Chris Haughton
设计技术与归档：Terence Yong
Architects: Shed Architects, Terence Yong
Location: Balmain, Australia
Interior Designer: Space Control
Landscape Designer: LandscapesByJo
Area: 210.0 m2
Project Year: 2017
Manufacturers: James Hardie, Resene
Builder: Trico Constructions
Building Surveyor: Essential Certifiers
Fire Safety Engineer: Scientific Fire Services
Structural, Driveway and Stormwater Engineer: M+G Consulting
Sustainable Building Assessor: BasixMax
Traffic Engineer: Varga Traffic Planning
Designer and project director: Chris Haughton
Design development and documentation: Terence Yong
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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