俄罗斯2018年世界杯的12座场馆
12 stadiums that will host matches at the World Cup 2018 in Russia

由专筑网李韧，吴静雅编译

随着2018年俄罗斯世界杯的开幕，接下来将举办赛事的各个展馆也一一选定，让我们一睹为快。

2018年俄罗斯世界杯从6月14日开幕，直到7月15日结束，届时将有来自32个国家的足球队在绿茵场地上角逐冠军奖杯。

各个赛事将在位于11座城市的12座体育场举行，其中包括位于莫斯科的俄罗斯国家体育场，以及由Populous和 GMP Architekten事务所设计的全新体育场。

接下来看一下这12座场馆的一些细节信息：

With the FIFA World Cup 2018 kicking off today in Russia, here's a look at all 12 of the stadiums that will be hosting games over the next month.
Starting today, 14 June 2018, and continuing until 15 July 2018, the contest will see 32 national football teams compete for the coveted World Cup trophy.
Matches will take place in 12 stadiums, located in 11 different cities. Venues include the Russian national stadium in Moscow, as well as new stadiums by architects including Populous and GMP Architekten.
Read on for details of all 12:





卢日尼基体育场，莫斯科

莫斯科卢日尼基体育场是俄罗斯国家足球队的主场，这里也举办了俄罗斯队与沙特阿拉伯队的首场比赛，并且7月15日的世界杯决赛也将在此举行。

Luzhniki Stadium, Moscow
Home to the Russian national football team, Luzhniki Stadium hosts the opening game between Russia and Saudi Arabia, and will also be the venue for the cup final on 15 July 2018.


Image is by Ilya Ivanov





这座体育场建造于1956年，曾经在1980年举办了奥运会，共承办了3000多场足球赛。

Originally built in 1956, the historic stadium was a venue for the Olympic Games in 1980, and has hosted over 3,000 football matches.







为了迎接世界杯，这座体育场由莫斯科Speech建筑事务所进行了长达4年的修复工作，其原有的田径赛道被拆除，因此观众容量也从原来的78000人增加到了81000人。

In preparation for the World Cup, the stadium has undergone a four-year renovation by Moscow-based architecture studio Speech, which saw the athletics track removed and the capacity increased from 78,000 to 81,000.



圣彼得堡体育场，圣彼得堡

圣彼得堡体育场由日本建筑师黑川纪章设计，场馆高达78米，看上去如同一艘宇宙飞船。

这座场馆于2017年投入使用，又名克雷斯多夫斯克体育场，因此这里是俄罗斯足球俱乐部圣彼得堡泽尼特的主场，因此得名圣彼得堡体育场。

这座现代感十足的体育场有着伸缩屋顶，因此无论天气状况如何，都不会影响到赛事的进行，场馆内设有67000个座位。在本次世界杯中，该场馆将举办7场比赛，其中有半决赛和三四名决赛。

St Petersburg Stadium, St Petersburg
Designed by Japanese architect Kisho Kurokawa, this 78-metre-tall stadium was designed to look like a spaceship.
Opened in 2017, Krestovsky Stadium, which is the home of Russian football club FC Zenit St Petersburg, will be known as the St Petersburg Stadium during the tournament.
The modern stadium features a retractable roof, to allow games to take place in all weather, and a 67,000-seat capacity. The stadium is set to host seven games, including a semi-final and the third place play-off.


Photo is by Edgar Breshchanov

菲什特体育场，索契

菲什特体育场由Populous专为2014年冬奥会开幕式和闭幕式而设计，最初的设计方案中，体育场上方有着顶棚，而后来为了迎接世界杯，其顶棚被拆除。

在世界杯期间，这座可以容纳48000人的体育场将举办6场比赛，其中包括万众瞩目的葡萄牙队与西班牙队的对决，还有四分之一决赛。

Fisht Stadium, Sochi
Fisht Stadium was designed by Populous as the venue for the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2014 Winter Olympics. Originally completed as a covered arena, the stadium has had its roof removed and has been reconfigured for the World Cup.
During the tournament, the 48,000-capacity stadium will host six games, including Portugal versus Spain and a quarter final.



叶卡捷林堡体育场，叶卡捷林堡

叶卡捷林堡体育场建于1953年，是FC Ural球队的主场，这是俄罗斯历史最为悠久的俱乐部。该场馆为了迎接世界杯，同样进行了翻新工作，建筑师额外增加了两座临时看台，场馆的容量增加到35000人。

在世界杯结束之后，这些临时看台也会被拆除。

Ekaterinburg Arena, Ekaterinburg
Originally built in 1953, the Central Stadium is home to FC Ural, one of the country's oldest football clubs. The venue has been refurbished for the World Cup, and two temporary stands have been added outside the stadium to increase seating capacity to 35,000.
Following the World Cup, the temporary seating will be removed.


Photo courtesy of Sport Concepts

斯巴达克体育场，莫斯科

这是在俄罗斯首都莫斯科的又一竞赛场馆，斯巴达克体育场是俄罗斯最成功的足球俱乐部的主场。场馆建于2014年，又名为Otkritie体育场。

这座体育场由伦敦Sport Concepts建筑事务所设计建造，建筑立面系统由成百上千的钻石组成，它们形成代表着斯巴达克莫斯科的标志。这里将举办比利时队与突尼斯队等五场比赛。

Spartak Stadium, Moscow
The second venue in the capital that will be hosting games during the World Cup, Otkritie Arena is the home of Russia's most successful club, Spartak Moscow. Built in 2014, the venue will be known as the Spartak Stadium during the tournament.
The stadium was designed by London-based architects Sport Concepts and is wrapped in a facade of hundreds of diamonds to represent Spartak Moscow's logo. It will host five games, including Belgium versus Tunisia.


Photo is by Bestalex

下诺夫哥罗德体育场，下诺夫哥罗德

下诺夫哥罗德体育场专为世界杯而建造，由俄罗斯Stroytransgaz事务所设计建造。场馆能容纳45000人，外部包裹着柱廊，该场馆也是世界杯的一大亮点。

该场馆将举办阿根廷队和英格兰队的竞赛，在世界杯之后，这里将成为俱乐部Olimpiets的主场。

Nizhny Novgorod Stadium, Nizhny Novgorod
Built specifically for the World Cup, Nizhny Novgorod Stadium was designed by Russian company Stroytransgaz. The 45,000-capacity stadium is wrapped with an external colonnade, which will be lit up during the games.
It plays host to both Argentina and England during the tournament, and will become home to football club Olimpiets after the World Cup.


Photo is by Erzyanin

莫尔多瓦体育场，萨兰斯克

这又是一个专为世界杯而建的体育场，莫尔多瓦体育场由俄罗斯SaranskGrazhdanProekt事务所设计建造。建筑呈椭圆形，外部覆盖有橙、红、白相间的面板，来表达莫尔多瓦地区的传统工艺品。

世界杯结束之后，体育场的上部看台将被拆除，观众容量也由原来的44000人减少到25000人。

Mordovia Arena, Saransk
Another stadium purpose-built for the World Cup, the Mordovia Arena was designed by Russian company SaranskGrazhdanProekt. The oval-shaped arena is clad in bright orange, red and white panels to reflect the arts and crafts pieces created in the Mordovia region.
Following the tournament, the stadium's upper stands will be dismantled to reduce the capacity from 44,000 to 25,000.



喀山体育场，喀山

喀山体育场曾经举办了2013年夏天世界大学生运动会的开幕式和闭幕式，本次世界杯的6场比赛也将在这里举行，其中包括法国队与澳大利亚队的对决。

体育场由Populous设计，看上去像是一朵漂浮着的睡莲。其外部由三张数字面板组成，占地面积4200平方米。

Kazan Arena, Kazan
Built to host the opening and closing ceremonies of the Summer World University Games in 2013, the Kazan Arena will host six games during the tournament, including France versus Australia on the opening weekend.
The stadium was designed by Populous to resemble a waterlily from the air. It boasts three digital panels on its exterior, covering an area of 4,200 square metres.



萨马拉体育场，萨马拉

萨马拉体育场于2018年投入使用，建筑师的设计灵感来源于太空，表达了该地区与俄罗斯航天项目的联系。建筑由俄罗斯建筑师GUS SO TerrNIIgrazhdanproekt设计，其拱顶高达66.5米。

该体育场共设有45000个座位，世界杯期间这里将举办6场比赛，其中包括俄罗斯队和乌拉圭队的对决。

Samara Arena, Samara
Opened in 2018 in preparation for the World Cup, the Samara Arena takes design cues from space, reflecting the region's connection to Russia's aerospace programme. It was designed by Russian architect GUS SO TerrNIIgrazhdanproekt and features a 65.5-metre-high domed roof.
The 45,000-seat stadium will host six matches during the tournament, including Russia versus Uruguay.


Photo is by Dmitry Rozhkov

加里宁格勒体育场，加里宁格勒

这座场馆于2018年4月投入使用，地点位于俄罗斯加里宁格勒地区的十月革命岛。

建筑由法国Wilmotte & Associés建筑事务所设计，建筑师通过其立面来保持建筑与城市的联系。在本次世界杯中，将有4场比赛在该场馆巨型，其中包括英格兰队与比利时队的对决。

Kaliningrad Stadium, Kaliningrad
A new stadium for the World Cup, the venue opened in April 2018 on October Island, in the Russian enclave of Kaliningrad.
Designed by French architects Wilmotte & Associés, the stadium is designed with orthogonal facades to be in keeping with its urban context. The stadium is set to host four World Cup games, including England's crunch match against Belgium.



伏尔加格勒体育场，伏尔加格勒

这座全新的伏尔加格勒体育场由德国GMP n事务所专为世界杯设计。

建筑呈椭圆形，上方覆盖着圆形结构屋面，其立面呈编制形态，来表达俄罗斯的传统编织工艺。场馆可容纳45000人。世界杯期间，这里将举办4场比赛，其中包括英格兰队与突尼斯队的较量。

Volgograd Arena, Volgograd
Replacing the historic Central Stadium in Volgograd, this new stadium was designed by German architecture practice GMP Architekten for the World Cup.
An oval grandstand bowl that surrounds the pitch is covered by a circular structure, with its facades designed to have a woven texture to reflect Russian weaving. Four games, including England's clash with Tunisia, will be played at the 45,000-seat venue.



罗斯托夫体育场，罗斯托夫顿河畔

罗斯托夫体育场同样由Populous设计。最初的设计方案中，其屋顶为不规则形态，而实际建造的建筑形态相对规矩，其中设置了45000个座位。

世界杯结束之后，这里将成为FC Rostov俱乐部的主场。

Rostov Arena, Rostov-on-Don
The Rostov Arena is the third stadium designed by Populous that will host games during the World Cup this year. Originally designed with an irregular shaped roof, the stadium was instead built as a regular bowl with 45,000 seats.
Following the tournament, the stadium will become home to FC Rostov.