乔克马歇尔自然保护区生态步道景观
Jock Marshall Reserve Nature Walk

由专筑网pilewyj，李韧编译

Urban Initiatives工作室：乔克马歇尔自然保护区（Jock Marshall Reserve ——JMR）的生态步道是跨越马歇尔保护区南部边界（JMR）的高架木板路，连接莫纳什大学的克莱顿校区和Blackburn大道的。Urban Initiatives 工作室的设计理念和施工记录在莫纳什大学的建筑财产相关管理部门和审查小组监督下完成。这个形态轻盈优雅的结构造价约200万美元，让人们能够更好地享受自然保护区的生态景观，同时生物科学院的工作人员也通过它进入那些未被开垦过的丛林区域。乔克马歇尔自然保护区是一个富有很高价值的研究和教育机构，它由研究动物学和生理学的Jock Marshall教授在1961年建立，他是一位倡导校园特色植物的早期环保运动家。乔克马歇尔自然保护区种植有许多本土植物，有着丰富的生态资源。生态步道将Blackburn大道和校园更好地连接在一起，人们可以通过它进入校园，同时也让学生、工作人员，以及其他参观者从高处欣赏到壮丽的自然美景。

Urban Initiatives: JMR Nature Walk is an elevated boardwalk that spans the southern boundary of the Jock Marshall Reserve (JMR), providing pedestrian connectivity between the heart of the Monash University Clayton Campus and properties along Blackburn Road. Designed and documented by Urban Initiatives with oversight from Monash Buildings and Property and Monash Design Review Panel, the light weight and elegant $2M structure allows public enjoyment of JMR, a restricted access remnant bushland area used predominantly by the School of Biological Sciences. JMR is a valuable research and education facility, established by the Foundation Chair of Zoology and Comparative Physiology, Professor Jock Marshall in 1961. He was an early environmental campaigner who advocated for the characteristic native plantings on campus. JMR is home to the only remnant indigenous vegetation on the campus and is ecologically rich. The Nature Walk creates a new pedestrian campus entry with a strong presence on Blackburn Road, and allows the educational and environmental qualities of JMR to be preserved while enabling canopy level access and appreciation by students, staff and the general public.

克莱顿校区总体规划旨在激发乔克马歇尔自然保护区的内在潜力，使其成为校园的景观要素。Urban Initiatives工作室负责了乔克马歇尔自然保护区中层区域的方案设计，设计方案表达了建筑师对该地区的美好愿景，并且构思了未来10-15年该地区的发展战略。在与生物科学学院的商讨过程中，大家一致认为应当通过围护与限制性通行的方式来强调场地的教育价值，同时应该在保护区与周围环境之间寻求契机。设计方案计划将乔克马歇尔自然保护区作为校园“绿肺”，同时让自然步道发挥起各个功能区域的连通作用。指导性的原则和设计战略将最大限度地确保公众利益，同时尽可能地减少对自然环境的影响。

The Clayton Campus Masterplan aimed to unlock the potential of JMR as an amenity landscape for the wider campus. Urban Initiatives developed the JMR Mid Level Plan, a visioning document that laid out the future strategies for enhancing the site over the next 10-15 years. Consultation with the School of Biological Sciences, made clear that fencing and restricted access are integral to maintaining the educational value of the site and that real opportunities lay at the interfaces between the reserve and its surroundings. The Plan developed an overarching vision for JMR as the ‘green lungs’ of the campus and the Nature Walk as a connective ‘capillary’. Guiding principles and design strategies were developed to ensure maximum public benefit with minimal impact on sensitive nature of the ecology and research activities of the Reserve.

视觉和物理理念贯穿于项目始终。为了将场地的原有植物进行保留，该项目的排布经过精心策划，在充分考虑到各方面因素后，步道的位置才得以确定。支撑步道的“V”形支柱中央距离只允许单个行人通过，这样能起到足迹最小化的效果。考虑到生物科学学院要求保留现有的链网，穿孔耐候钢栏杆与围栏形成了无缝的交接，从而隐藏了下方的围栏。木栈道自身既是一件艺术作品，同时也能让人拥有空间体验。穿孔面板和木制围栏上抽象的蜂窝状图案巧妙地借鉴了生物科学。为了设计的精准，建筑师甚至运用了无人机进行航拍，从而得到精确的树冠尺度。精准的设计平面让其他利益相关者更能接受整体方案，同时进行快速有效的沟通，让相关人员更快地了解到建筑与现有场地、周边建筑的互动关系。具有渗透性的坝墙大大降低了项目对脆弱生态环境的影响作用，同时也不需要进行其他的水利排水工程。沟渠内填充着膨土岩，为场地提供了一个防渗透屏障。
            
Visual and physical impacts were considered through all stages of the design process, from concept to completion. The set-out was carefully planned around the retention of all valuable vegetation and designed in segments to be assembled off site and craned into the Reserve. ‘V’ shaped central columns allow a single row of footings to minimise the footprint. As the School of Biological Sciences required the retention of the existing chain mesh fence, the perforated corten steel balustrade was designed to seamlessly meet the fence at crossover points in such a way that the fence disappears below. The boardwalk is an object that has been designed to be appreciated and experienced ‘in-the-round’.  Abstract cellular patterning on the perforated balustrade panels and abstracted tree trunk fence panels subtly reference the biological sciences. Drone photography was used during design development to map the path of the boardwalk through the existing tree canopy. This enabled images tailored to the required views enabled fast and effective communication with all stakeholders as to exactly how the walk would interact with existing vegetation, and adjacent sites and residential colleges. The leaking dam wall was stabilised prior to the boardwalk construction with minimal impact on sensitive ecology and without draining the lake. A narrow trench was back filled with bentonite to provide an impervious barrier.

该项目牵涉了众多利益相关者，其中有生物科学院、校园住宿设施，以及莫纳什大学的各项建筑与体育设施，建筑师在方案中结合多方利益统一考虑。邻近的学院住宿区与莫纳什校园道路网络相连接，并且充分保护了现有植被和围栏。迅速变化的莫纳什校园景观和理事会的执行决议也对Blackburn大道的共享策略相互结合。

The conflicting needs of stakeholders were managed throughout the project including the School of Biological Sciences, Residential Services, Buildings and Property and Monash Sport. The proximity to residential colleges, connections with the Monash Tan and path network, and the need to preserve existing vegetation and fencing were all worked through with stakeholders. The rapidly changing Monash landscapes and implementation of a council shared path on Blackburn Road required ongoing consultation.

生态步道创造了全面贯通的教育环境，同时也是一个被动的娱乐场所。步道横跨湖区延伸向保护区的行人入口，配备了座椅等设施，人们还能欣赏到绝佳的风景，不难发现这其实是一个适合安静沉思、远离忙碌校园生活的场所。向外凸出的两个平台不仅设置了座位，还有倾斜栏杆，以及轮椅可访问的书桌和电源点，这些区域十分适合团队合作学习。通过乔克马歇尔自然保护区的公共体验平台，建筑师将生态步道与使用者紧密联系在一起，使他们之间合作、互动的机会更多，并推动当地生态系统生物多样性的发展。生态步道是独特的公共建筑，它将推动着莫纳什大学的发展，让其成为世界一流的教育机构。乔克马歇尔自然保护区其实也是一处校园设施，这让莫纳什大学与其他校园有所不同。生态步道大大改善了保护区的形象，让它的功能和价值更好地被人们所了解。当然，它也为校园提供了巨大的经济、社会和文化价值。

The Nature Walk provides an educative environment, improved connectivity, and a place for passive recreation. As an all access pedestrian thoroughfare with seating and views across the lake into the Reserve, it is a space for quiet contemplation away from the busy central campus. The two decks incorporate seating, book leaning rails, wheelchair accessible desks and power points to facilitate group learning. By creating a public experience of JMR with minimal on ground disturbance, the Nature Walk invites greater opportunities for connection to the Reserve and collaboration with its users, and enables further restoration of biologically diverse local ecosystems. The Nature Walk is a unique public realm asset that promotes Monash University as a world class educational facility at the forefront of innovation. The JMR is an on-campus facility that sets Monash University apart from its competitors. The Nature Walk lifts the public image of the Reserve and understanding of its function and value and offers significant economic and social and cultural value to the University.

事务所：Urban Initiatives
负责方向：首席顾问
项目名称：Jock Marshall Reserve Nature Walk
项目位置：澳大利亚，莫纳什大学Clayton校区
客户：莫纳什大学
咨询顾问：John Mullen and Partners Engineering – 结构和市政工程方向
BCS Building Consulting Services Australia – 工程服务
ACE Contractors – 施工方
Arterial Design – 标识系统设计
Vantage Drones – 无人机摄像
Turner & Townsend Thinc – 项目管理
Currie and Brown – 工程质量监理
Architecture and Access – 数据加密算法顾问
Tree Logic – 植物养护栽培
Red Textas – 工料测量
设计年份：2015年-2016年
建造年份：2016年
摄影：Drew Echberg – Photography
获奖情况：2017年AILA 景观建筑奖 – 基础设施类

Office Name: Urban Initiatives
Role: Lead Consultant
Website: http://www.urbaninitiatives.com.au/
Project name: Jock Marshall Reserve Nature Walk
Project Location: Monash University Clayton Campus, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
Client: Monash University
Sub-consultants: John Mullen and Partners Engineering – Structural & Civil Engineer
BCS Building Consulting Services Australia – Services Engineer
ACE Contractors – Builder
Arterial Design – Signage
Vantage Drones – Drone Photography
Turner & Townsend Thinc – Project Management
Currie and Brown – Quantity Surveyor
Architecture and Access – DDA Consultant
Tree Logic – Arboricultural
Red Textas – Quantity Surveyor
Design Year: 2015-2016
Year Built: 2016
Photo: Drew Echberg – Photography
Awards: AILA Landscape Architecture Award – Infrastructure 2017