阿希姆纪念林
A Memorial Grove At Askim by Sweco Architects Thorbjörn Andersson

由专筑网pilewyj，王帅编译

Sweco Architects事务所设计师Thorbjörn Andersson认为，纪念园是一个为那些与世长辞的人设立的地方。同时也是一个缅怀逝者、寻找安慰，以及倾诉对亲人的思念和重温回忆的地方。

Thorbjörn Andersson with Sweco Architects: A memorial grove is a place for those who were left behind. It is a place to visit in search for consolation, and for reflections and memories of the beloved ones.



在哥德堡南部的阿希姆，当地教区的牧民们在计划扩展他们的墓地的时候，他们决定改变墓地的形式，决定用纪念林来替代传统的棺材墓地。在阿希姆，始建于1879年的教堂坐落在山顶，那里也是一处历史悠久的墓地。山上还有一条南北延伸的花岗岩石墙，它构成了高约5米的清晰边界。在地势较低的地方有一片未被开发的空地。它是一个盆形的洼地，从前是一个浅溪。这里地面潮湿，四周布满了茂密的灌木。

When the parish in Askim, southern Gothenburg, planned to extend their burial grounds, they took the decision that the new grounds should be a memorial grove instead of a traditional coffin cemetery. In Askim, the church from 1879 sits on top of a hill where also the old cemetery is. The hill has a distinct border to the north formed by an old retaining wall in granite, about 5 meters high. At the lower level lies an area which was formerly not specifically used. It has the shape of a basin and used to be a shallow ravine with a brook. The ground was moist and the place filled with dense shrubbery.







在这个项目中，设计师清除掉原来的植被，并将这里改造成传统的碗状。于是，这片土地摇身一变与原先截然不同。沿着斜坡，设计师引入了草阶这一景观，营造出庄重、正式的氛围，同时为匿名埋葬在草坪下的逝者创造出尽可能水平宽敞的空间。平台两旁设有座位，并朝着南侧的教会方向延伸，形成开阔的视野。平台的后墙由刻有逝者姓名的石灰岩石板构成，这里是为逝者献上蜡烛和鲜花的地方。碗状场地的中心处是一片水面静止的浅池，天空也与之相互衬映。为了凸显季节的特色，墓园里种植了苹果、樱桃以及槭树。纪念林被质朴的花岗岩壁环绕，营造出一种封闭感，让人们能在这里安静下来、对生命进行沉思。在西侧的边缘，有一个新建的教区建筑。      

In the project, the vegetation was cleared out and the landform made into a regular bowl. A place with possible new qualities appeared. Along the sloping sides, we introduced grass terraces to enhance a formal character and to create horizontal places for the ashes. These are put anonymously under a turf. A paved terrace with seating facing south points in direction to the church, supplying a visual contact with the upper level. The back wall of the terrace is detailed with stone flags of limestone for name plaquettes of the deceased ones and is the commune place also for candles and flowers. The focal point of the bowl is a shallow pond with a still water surface, creating a reflection of the sky above. The grove is in parts planted with clumps of trees, selected for their seasonal change, such as crab apple, cherries and autumn-colored acers. The memorial grove is circumfered with a rustic granite wall, creating a sense of enclosure to permit a quiet atmosphere enhancing individual reflection. At the western edge, a new parish building forms a spatial limit.
   




建造纪念林的初衷是为了创造一个足够吸引人的美丽地方，让人们感受到生者与死者之间的契合。它应该是一个能与我们对话的地方，我们可以回忆起与逝者在一起的往事。纪念林应该是现代社会中一种重要的地方。它可以传递给我们一些被我们日常遗忘的信息，即使今天的生活是艰辛的，但我们依然会有一个光明的未来。这不是一个专门埋葬逝者的地方，而是一个为依旧在生活的那些人提供安静祥和的氛围与思考人生的地方。

The ambition for a memorial grove should be to create a place enough inviting and beautiful so that it metaphorically works as a meeting point between the living and the dead. It should be a place that speaks to us and where we can recall the memories of the deceased ones. A memorial grove is an important place in modern society. It should transmit to us that even if life is hard today, there is a possibility of a brighter future. It is a place not ultimately for the dead, but for those who were left behind.







项目：阿希姆纪念林
地点：瑞典，哥德堡
景观设计师：Thorbjörn Andersson with Sweco Architects
设计团队：Staffan SundströM，Malin Unger，Charlotta Löfstedt，Tobias Phersson
面积：3500平方米
开放时间：2017年
照片：Åke E:son Lindman

Project: Askim Memorial Grove
Location: Gothenburg, Sweden
Landscape architect: Thorbjörn Andersson with Sweco Architects
Design team: Staffan Sundström, Malin Unger, Charlotta Löfstedt, Tobias Phersson
Area: 3500 sqm
Opening: 2017
Photos by Åke E:son Lindman