Donald Judd的最小家具
SFMOMA showcases Donald Judd's minimal furniture

由专筑网王帅，杨帆编译

美国艺术家Donald Judd的家具展览在旧金山现代艺术博物馆举办，同时亮相的还有他在纽约和马尔法的工作室的照片。

Donald Judd的专用家具展览作品涵盖了椅子、桌子、床和书桌，以及一些其他的现代主义作品。

An exhibit of furniture by American artist Donald Judd is on display at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, accompanied by a guide with photographs of his New York and Marfa studios.
The Donald Judd: Specific Furniture exhibition at SFMOMA showcases a substantial collection of Judd's chairs, desks, beds, and tables, in company with other modernist pieces that he owned.



Judd于20世纪60年代居住在纽约，在1971年设计家具之前，他从事绘画和雕塑工作。大约在同一时间，他搬到了德克萨斯州的马尔法，并开了一间工作室。

展览汇集了Judd的作品和绘画，以及他所拥有的著名家具作品，该展览试图将艺术家置于现代主义和极简主义运动的更广泛的背景下。

Living in New York City in the 1960s, Judd first practised painting and sculpture before moving onto furniture in 1971 – around the same time he relocated to Marfa, Texas, and opened a studio.
The exhibit brings together Judd's works and drawings, as well as examples of well-known furniture pieces that he owned, as an attempt to place the artist in a broader context of the modernism and minimalism movements.



旧金山现代艺术博物馆（SFMOMA）一份声明中指出：“Judd的设计是对他认为缺乏好的、基本的家具的回应。”

他的许多作品都非常简单朴实。通常具有90度的直角，颜色以红色和黑色为主。

"Judd's designs emerged in response to what he saw as a lack of good, basic furniture," said a statement from SFMOMA.
Many of his pieces are simple and pared-back, commonly featuring 90-degree angles, and red and black in colour.



在材料方面，Judd主要使用粗糙的、伐木松或桦木胶合板，在配件方面使用铝和铜。

展览还包括一本附有他在纽约和马尔法工作场所照片的图解指南。

For materials, Judd often used rough, lumberyard-cut pine or birch plywood, while other pieces feature aluminium and copper.
Included in the exhibition is an illustrated guide with photographs of his workplaces in New York City and Marfa.


Judd在马尔法的工作室照片，有一张绘图桌和各种现代主义家具／The exhibition is accompanied by images of Judd's Marfa studio, which features a drafting desk and furnishings by various modernist designers. Photograph by Matthew Millman

除了制作家具外，Judd还亲自收藏了很多具有标志性的作品。如Alvar Aalto，Ludwig Mies van der Rohe，Gerrit Rietveld，Rudolph M Schindler和Gustav Stickley的经典设计。

旧金山现代艺术博物馆（SFMOMA）的建筑与设计副馆长Joseph Becker谈到：“Donald Judd: 专用家具展示了贾德的作品，以及他在家中和工作室的一些重要作品，这些作品将Judd牢牢地置于设计经典之中，为他的创作实践和环境打开更广阔的视角。”

从Judd在马尔法工作室的照片中可以看出，在密斯•凡•德•罗设计的MR单人椅子一旁，是他在1989年制作的一张框架桌子，旁边就是Aalto的凳子和Karl Trabert的台灯。

而在工作室的应一张照片中，有一张大的黑色绘图桌和开放式84副椅，这些家具都由Judd亲手设计。旁边可以看到Rietveld的Zig-Zag椅子。

In addition to making furniture, Judd also collected iconic pieces himself. Classic designs by Alvar Aalto, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Gerrit Rietveld, Rudolph M Schindler, and Gustav Stickley were among his collection.
"Donald Judd: Specific Furniture presents Judd's work alongside a selection of important pieces that he collected and lived with, in his homes and studios, placing Judd firmly within the design canon and opening a broader lens on his creative practice and environment," said Joseph Becker, SFMOMA's associate curator of architecture and design.
One photograph shows Judd's Marfa studio, which features a frame table he made in 1989 alongside a MR Side Chair by Mies van der Rohe. The room is also furnished with Rietveld's Red Blue Chair in a corner, next toAalto's Stool 60 and Karl Trabert's Desk Lamp.
In another photo of the Marfa workspace, a large black drafting table and Open Side Chair 84 – both designed by Judd – can be seen beside Rietveld's Zig-Zag Chair.


红色椅子突出了Judd工作室的一角／A red, box-shaped chair by Judd accents a corner of his Marfa studio. Photograph by Matthew Millman

开放式的座椅来自瑞士Lehni公司生产的一系列类似盒子的金属家具。这些设计还有各种涂有粉末的铝制椅子和桌子，现在仍在瑞士生产。

Judd在纽约的工作室位于Spring街101号的Soho，该工作室在2013年进行重新翻修，这在照片中已经有所显示。

The Open Side Chair 84 comes from a series of box-like metal furniture, which was produced by Swiss firm Lehni. The designs are still produced in Switzerland, with a variety of the powder-coated aluminium chairs and tables available in the range.
Judd's studio at 101 Spring Street in New York's Soho – which was restored in 2013 – is also presented in photographs.


Judd在纽约工作室的四楼为硬木内衬，还有轻薄的木材家具／Lined in hardwood, the fourth floor of Judd's 101 Spring Street studio is complemented with light wood furnishings. Photograph by Matthew Millman

一间长长的房间里有窗户和金色的木地板。Judd的工作桌位于第四层，这两张工作桌都是在1981年制作的，同时还有1985年制作的服务桌。

另一间房间灯光昏暗，里面有Judd的图书馆书架，Aalto的凳子、椅子和桌子。

In a long room lined with windows and golden wooden floors, pieces include the artist's Fourth Floor Table 19 and Fourth Floor Low Table 18 – both made in 1981 – as well as Serving Table 64 and Cart 62 from 1985.
Another dimly lit room at 101 Spring Street features library shelves by Judd, with Aalto's Stool 60, Chairs 21, and Table 70.


Judd在纽约的工作室／Judd's New York studio is also shown in photos at the SFMOMA exhibition. Photograph by Matthew Millman

展览标题来源于贾德1964年的作品“Specific Objects”，在其中，他提出了绘画和雕塑的局限性，以及希望开发更多三维艺术的潜力。

这次展览的作品引用了Mark Rothko, Yves Klein, Jackson Pollock, Frank Stella等人的作品。

The exhibit title comes from Judd's 1964 writing, Specific Objects, in which he theorised the limitations of painting and sculpture, and the potential for more three-dimensional art.
In the text, he referenced the works of Mark Rothko, Yves Klein, Jackson Pollock, Frank Stella among dozens of others.


Judd在马尔法工作室里的砖墙上贴着图纸／Drafting papers with detailed drawings cover an exposed brick wall in Judd's Marfa  studio. Photograph by Matthew Millman

旧金山现代艺术博物馆（SFMOMA）在一份声明中指出：“这场展览超越了他的雕塑作品“specific objects”，从20世纪60年代开始，他将家具设计看作他职业生涯中一种平行的工作方式。”

参观者可以在展览之外触摸和使用新制作的Judd家具。该展览将于2018年7月14日至11月4日在旧金山现代艺术博物馆（SFMOMA）展出。

除非另有说明，摄影：Katherine Du Tiel

"This exhibition looks beyond his noted sculptures, which he referred to as 'specific objects', and examines his furniture design as a parallel practice that began in the 1960s and deepened throughout his career," said a statement from SFMOMA.
Newly fabricated Judd furniture pieces that visitors can touch and use are placed outside the exhibition, which is on display at SFMOMA from 14 July until 4 November 2018.
Photography is by Katherine Du Tiel unless otherwise stated.