Beyond the Shell . Image © Lianjie Wu, via BeeBreeders
Bee Breeder竞赛：伦敦经济适用房危机的解决方案
Solutions to London's Mounting Affordable Housing Crisis Proposed in Bee Breeders' Latest
由专筑网飞鱼，李韧编译
伦敦的房价的飞速增涨让人无法忍受，许多人不得不做出妥协。大房子随处可见，但上下班需要几个小时，在城市中仍然有一些空地，但是租金昂贵。人们的需求无法得到满足，因此需要能够解决此类问题的策略。当然，我们能做的更好。
建筑竞赛通常会激发公众的兴趣并产生很多面向社区的创意。Bee Breeders近期的竞赛设计挑战了这一问题。本次竞赛希望能够解决伦敦的住房危机。竞赛主题与概念从这几方面考虑，即新住房体系的构造、公共空间的重建、土地所有权的解决方法。但是获胜者采用创新与可持续的方法解决全球对于经济适用房的需求。
下文列出了伦敦Bee Breeders经济适用房挑战赛的获胜者与入围的方案。
Skyrocketing prices of London housing have become so unbearable that many have turned to less-than-ideal compromises. Large homes can be found but come with commutes of hours; places are still available in the city, but only for those with sky-high paychecks. Unable to balance their needs, people are resorting to workarounds that disrupt the existing urban fabric and dissatisfy all involved. Surely we can do better.
Architecture competitions have always contributed in stimulating public interest and have generated numerous community-oriented designs. Bee Breeders's recent competition challenged designers to take on this issue, calling for inventive solutions to London's housing crisis as part of its Affordable Housing Crisis Design Series. Common themes and ideas emerged among the entries: the construction of new housing systems, rehabilitation of public spaces, new methods for land ownership. But the winners addressed the global demand for affordable urban housing in an innovative and sustainable approach.
The winners and shortlisted projects of the Bee Breeders London Affordable Housing Challenge, after the break:
一等奖： Beyond the Shell
Beyond the Shell . Image © Lianjie Wu, via BeeBreeders
在伦敦对于住房危机提供的解决方案中，设计者进行了全面的构思，其设计有着自由的方式，还通过3D打印实现快速建造，并创造大规模的精细住宅房，使其具体适应当地居民。基础建设采用了网格框架、无限曲线、有机设计，以及精细建造工具。
1st Prize - Beyond the Shell
The winning proposal checks all the boxes when it comes to providing solutions to the housing crisis in London. The designer took advantage of the free-form design, affordable cost, and rapid construction provided by 3D printing, and created exquisite-looking mass housing complexes that take shape and adapt with their residents. The foundation infrastructure is designed in a grid-like frame, allowing an infinite range of curvilinear, organic designs, manufactured with digital fabrication tools transported in mobile trucks.
二等奖：Re.Co.De: 重建现代社区
Re.Co.De: Redesigning Contemporary Dwelling. Image © Massimo Bricocoli, Gennaro Postiglione, Stefani Sabatinelli, Nicola Sirugo, via BeeBreeders
第二名入围的作品与之不同，同样倾向于解决住房危机，这一方案集中强调内部布局设计的重要性，可以服务更多人。设计者认为，现存建筑中布局的共同居住与重组，能够创造更多有效空间，并能适应更大的居住组团。总之，设计者重新设计伦敦标准住房街区的内部布局，以浴室为中心，流动分离并装配配件，满足各种各样的适用人群。
2nd Prize - Re.Co.De: Redesigning Contemporary Dwelling
The 2nd-place project took a different, yet favorable approach to resolving to the housing crisis. The proposal focused on the importance of having a well-designed interior layout that caters to more than one individual. According to the designers, cohabitation and reorganization of the layouts of existing buildings creates more efficient spaces and can accommodate larger groups of inhabitants. Accordingly, the designers rearranged the the interior layout of a typical London housing block, and offered an array of flexible interior layouts, with an adjusted bathroom core, movable partitions and equipped wall fittings, housing a mixture of personalities and profiles.
三等奖：Informal Intimacy
Informal Intimacy. Image © Medina Dzonlic, Daniel Andersson, via BeeBreeders
三等奖作品面向用户，有着现代主义的解决方法，设计师摒弃一体适用的建筑技术方法。灵活性与空间的组合是项目设计的关键，并且设计者意在提供许多空间序列和灵活的房间，而不是寻求标准空间。
3rd Prize - Informal Intimacy
A user-oriented, modernist approach landed the 3rd-place prize, dismissing the “one-size-fits-all” architecture typology. Flexibility and spatial combinations were key words in the development of the project’s design, as the designers focused on providing a variety of spatial sequences and flexible rooms, instead of resorting to standardized architecture principles.
Bee Breeders学生奖：Wesley 新城/Chronotopia
Wesley New Town // Chronotopia. Image © Yip Siu, via BeeBreeders
学生奖被授予给社区型的方案，这一方案专注于经济与共享利益，名为“诚信社区土地”的方案利用现有社区发展所得利润为中小型企业提供只出租的住宅单元。这些新兴的企业和单元的维修与服务同样由这些利润提供，而供暖与电力则来源于废物的再利用。
Bee Breeders Student Award - Wesley New Town / Chronotopia
The Student Award was granted to a community-oriented project that focuses on affordability and shared profit. The proposed ‘Community Land Trust’ helps develop rented-only accommodation modules for small/medium enterprises using the profit earned by existing community developments. Maintenance and services of these emerging enterprises and modules is also acquired by these profits, while the district heating and electricity is granted by the local waste, heat, and energy generated by the district’s warehouses.
Bee Breeders绿色奖-绿色社区
Hedge House. Image © David Saand, Simone De Bergh, Björn Vestlund, Jay Williams, via BeeBreeders
绿色建筑奖被授予给最具创新环保方案，设计师面向可持续策略，构思了城市文脉的重建。设计者采用有着绿色立面的“窄住宅”技术，在人的尺度上使城市景观更加密集。另外还设计了由树所包围的房屋，它们坐落于公园和街道之间，通过绿色立面与共享屋顶构成公园的自然形态，并形成公共交流空间。
Bee Breeders Green Award - Hedge House
The Green Award is granted to the project with the most innovative eco-friendly proposal, and this year, the winners of the award offered a sustainable rehabilitation and active frontage of the large-scale post-war buildings and their urban context. The designers created a new ‘narrow-housing’ typology veiled with a green facade, densifying the city’s urban landscape at a human scale. The proposed Hedge House is designed to sit between the park and streets, acting as a natural border of the park with its green facades and shared roof terraces, and promoting communal well-being.
Hedge House. Image © David Saand, Simone De Bergh, Björn Vestlund, Jay Williams, via BeeBreeders
Beyond the Shell . Image © Lianjie Wu, via BeeBreeders
Re.Co.De: Redesigning Contemporary Dwelling. Image © Massimo Bricocoli, Gennaro Postiglione, Stefani Sabatinelli, Nicola Sirugo, via BeeBreeders
Informal Intimacy. Image © Medina Dzonlic, Daniel Andersson, via BeeBreeders
Wesley New Town // Chronotopia. Image © Yip Siu, via BeeBreeders
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