Restoration of Tomáš Baťa Memorial / TRANSAT architekti

由专筑网飞鱼，小R编译

来自建筑事务所的描述：该建筑由 František Lydie Gahura事务所设计，在 Tomáš Baťa去世后一年开放，这也成为Zlín一座十分有意义的纪念建筑，该项目强调了一种名为“Baťa 建筑”现象。建筑师的最初想法是采用简单的设计概念，即一个简单的体量位于村庄里、公园空间的中轴线上，由6.15 x 6.15 m的模数框架与玻璃表皮结合。在建筑内部，放置着Junkers F 13飞机，Tomáš Baťa于1932年牺牲于此。

Text description provided by the architects. The building by František Lydie Gahura, opened one year after the death of Tomáš Baťa, is the most valuable monument of the Zlín constructivism and the highlight of the so-called “Baťa architecture” phenomenon. At the first glance, the idea for the monument is simple: an empty prism placed on a visible spot above the town, on the central axis of the ascending park space, made up of several modules of the Zlín 6.15 x 6.15 m frame and clad only with cathedral glass. Inside, only the ill-fated Junkers F 13 aircraft in which Tomáš Baťa died in 1932.







Gahura 采用Zlín建筑的三种基本材料建造该作品，分别是混凝土、钢和玻璃，以此来象征Tomáš Baťa独特的品格，即宽容、明晰、抱负、朴素、诚实正直、实事求是。建筑采用统一标准的框架结构，如单柱厅与三个狭窄通道，高度不同的空间和柔和的自然光，将简洁朴素的Zlín构成主义营造出古老中世纪祭祀建筑的风格气氛。这一氛围还通过建筑中一系列的垂直空间得以营造。Gahura表示，建筑的目的是将意识形态与单一方向的垂直感、失重感和简洁性结合起来，这一纪念建筑体现出Baťa独特的性格特点。

Gahura reduced the monument to three basic materials of Zlín architecture – concrete, steel and glass that were supposed to, together with the building’s composition, express the unique attributes of Tomáš Baťa: generosity, clarity, aspiration, optimism, simplicity, honesty and truth. The execution of the standardised frame as a single column hall and a three-aisled space at the same time, the variable height of the space and dispersed natural light brought the stripped-down Zlín constructivism closer to sacral buildings of the ancient and medieval times, without using any historical shapes. This was enhanced by the consistent vertical concept of the building. Gahura explained it by the fact that the purpose of the building is ideological and with this verticality, weightlessness, and simplicity of the one-directional sectioning, the monument expresses specific traits of Baťa’s character.





这座建筑没有采用任何技术或是卫生设施，它是一座绿色建筑，不做隔热、供应水或是卫生间等处理。在50年代，它被重建成音乐厅和画廊，这座纪念建筑失去了它的原有特性。而 Tomáš Baťa 的名字也被世人逐步遗忘。

The monument was built without any technical or sanitary facilities – it was actually a greenhouse with no possibilities for heating, water supply, or toilets. In the 50’s it was rebuilt to be a concert hall and gallery and with it, the monument lost its architectural qualities. The name of Tomáš Baťa was erased from memory.





对于纪念建筑更新的理解，其最初的设想准备了18年，目的是尽量简洁，并减少不必要的设备，今天这座建筑应运而生。所有的操作技术、服务元素都从纪念建筑中分离开来。建筑的宗旨是将参观者对空间的感知与光线结合起来，缓慢地进入沉思的境界。由于该作品是国际知名的现代建筑纪念物，这一项目在更新水平上有很高的愿景。建筑中很多元素均采用了一种修复方法，与有价值的历史建筑相同。

The comprehensive renewal of the original state of the monument, in preparation for 18 years, aimed again toward simplicity and reduction of all dispensable equipment that is usual in today’s buildings. All of the operational, technical and service elements and spaces are located separately from the monument. The core meaning of the building consists of the visitor’s experience of the space and light, in slowing down and contemplation. Due to the fact that the structure is an internationally acclaimed monument of modern architecture, the project had high aspirations in terms of quality of the renewal. For many of the building elements a restoration approach was chosen, common with the most valued historic buildings. 





考虑建筑在Zlín的地位，同时也是小镇的地标。该建筑的宗教和社会活动展览功能性会因其特点而受到一定的限制，这座建筑的本质是精神与实体的结合，同时这种结合也体现在内部环境的极简装饰上。建筑空间内主要放置了一架 Junkers F 13 飞机模型。

Given the monument’s place in the structure of Zlín, the building is also a light-landmark of the town. The possibility of using the building for reverential and social events or exhibitions will always be limited with regard to the ideological and architectural essence of the monument and the austere conditions of its interior environment. The dominant of the interior is a new model of the Junkers F 13 aircraft.

























建筑设计：TRANSAT architekti
位置：捷克
类型：修复改造
主创建筑师：Petr Všetečka
设计团队：Karel Menšík, Alena Všetečková, Petr Daniel
面积：680.0 ㎡
项目时间：2019年
摄影：BoysPlayNice
原有建筑设计：František Lydie Gahura
投资方：The City of Zlín (monument renewal) in cooperation with the Zlín region (spaces inside the Gymnasium building) and the Tomáš Baťa Foundation (the model of the Junkers aircraft)

Architects: TRANSAT architekti
Location: nám. T. G. Masaryka 2570, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic
Category: Renovation
Lead Architect: Petr Všetečka
Design Team: Karel Menšík, Alena Všetečková, Petr Daniel
Area: 680.0 ㎡
Project Year: 2019
Photographs: BoysPlayNice
Architect of original building: František Lydie Gahura
Investor: The City of Zlín (monument renewal) in cooperation with the Zlín region (spaces inside the Gymnasium building) and the Tomáš Baťa Foundation (the model of the Junkers aircraft)