加加林谷
GAGARIN VALLEY

由专筑网逸希，小R编译

MVRDV事务所受亚美尼亚非营利组织 DAR 基金会的委托，为其区域发展和竞争力的提升制定出总体规划，将加加林谷（Gagarin Valley）18000 公顷的地域改造为更具可持续性和生态多样性的土地。10,000多种植物将会在该山谷上茁壮成长。在创新设施和未来住房的帮助下，该区域将额外增加12,000 套住房，这里将会成为可持续农业和生态旅游的理想社区，且欢迎新居民的加入。

Commissioned by the Armenian non-profit organisation DAR Foundation for Regional Development and Competitiveness, MVRDV's vision for the Gagarin Valley will make the 18,000-hectare area more sustainable and ecologically diverse. In the Gagarin Valley, 10,000 plant species will soon flourish on as many plots. With the help of innovative facilities and future-proof housing that will add 12,000 new housing units, the valley will become an ideal base for sustainable agriculture and ecotourism and welcome a new generation of residents.



高加索地区最大的湖塞凡湖（Lake Sevan）位于邻近首都埃里温50公里处，其附近的加加林谷以宇航员尤里·加加林（Yuri Gagarin）的名字命名。山谷四周群山环绕，大约11,000 名居民生活在山谷中，分布在由不同土地组成的独特地形上，当地社区拥有其中大约三分之一的土地。

受亚美尼亚非营利组织 DAR 基金会的委托，MVRDV事务所为该地区构想了一个方案，在这个方案中，加加林谷的潜力得到最大发挥，在土地上增加了各种配套设施。这一愿景将在与当地各方的沟通中实现，即把加加林谷转变为一个适合可持续农业，和可展望未来的多功能生活景观。同时也是一个生态旅游和休闲的地方，成为人们步行、徒步足、骑自行车和骑马的热门目的地。

Armenia's Gagarin Valley – named after cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin – is located near Lake Sevan, the largest lake in the Caucasus and only 50 kilometres from the capital Yerevan. Surrounded by mountains, roughly 11,000 inhabitants live in several villages spread throughout the valley. The landscape consists of a patchwork of different pieces of land, of which the local community owns about one third.
Commissioned by the DAR Foundation for Regional Development and Competitiveness, MVRDV designed a vision for the area in which the potential of the valley is optimised and various facilities are added. The ambition, which will be realised in consultation with local parties, is to turn the valley into a versatile and future-proof landscape that is suitable for sustainable agriculture on various scales. Gagarin Valley must become a more attractive place to live in, as well as an area for ecotourism and recreation, serving as a destination for people to walk, hike, cycle, and ride horses.



开发设计的第一步是尊重且保留当地的历史，即保留和加固现有选址上如同马赛克般的10,000个地块。为此，该设计团队通过在地块之间的边界上铺设新的运河、公共道路和种植绿色植物来改善水系统，这形成了山谷总体规划的基础，减少水分蒸发，同时增强了水的缓冲能力和物种多样性。在每组地块上，将种植不同的植物。这不仅会使景观在视觉上更具吸引力，而且还会促进区域经济多元化。

在山谷内，现有道路以及其他的步行和自行车道将不同的村庄连接在一起。水资源管理将得到极大地改善：通过修复和扩大赫拉兹丹河（Hrazdan River）路线，同时结合新的河道系统，来灌溉农田和保护水源。

可持续农业和生态旅游圣地：MVRDV事务所在亚美尼亚推出自给自足的山谷愿景。

The first step towards this self-sustaining valley is to embrace the history of the area: the mosaic of 10,000 existing plots will be preserved and reinforced, and the water system in this dry region will be improved by lining the boundaries between them with canals, public paths, and greenery. This forms the base of the valley masterplan, reducing evaporation while enhancing water buffers and biodiversity. On each plot, different species will be planted. This will not only make the landscape visually more attractive, but will also stimulate economic diversity.
In the valley, existing roads will continue to form the starting point for connecting all the villages. Additional walking and cycling paths are created within existing structures. Water management will be improved tremendously: the restoration and enlargement of the route of the Hrazdan River, in combination with the new canal system, is an important part of the vision, and water reservoirs in the mountains and other water sources can be used to irrigate farmland.
A base for sustainable agriculture and ecotourism: MVRDV launches vision for self-sufficient valley in Armenia.



该区域之所以以宇航员尤里·加加林（Yuri Gagarin）的名字命名是因为他是第一个进入地球轨道的，他已经看到了地球的脆弱性。正如许多宇航员所强调的那样，这是一个需要特殊照顾的家园。MVRDV事务所的合伙创始人Winy Maas表示:“我也有同样的担忧:促进生物多样性、改善水资源管理和生态系统，对加加林谷和世界的未来都至关重要。这个山谷可以被看作是一系列的试验田，有10000种植物将很快在这里繁茂生长，这将使该地区看起来像一个伊甸园。”

加加林谷包含有几座村庄，其中一些是苏联时代的特色旧建筑。这些将被改造成新的建筑，以减少建筑材料的浪费。他们的设计灵感来自传统亚美尼亚农舍，采用植被屋顶，这种未来创新型、可持续的住房将使山谷对不同的目标群体都具有吸引力，并使该地区能够再次吸引住年轻的亚美尼亚人。

“The area is named after Yuri Gagarin, who was the first human to orbit the earth; he saw the planet’s vulnerability, a house in need of extra care, as many other astronauts have since stressed. I share that concern: stimulating biodiversity, improving water management and the ecosystem is of great importance for the future of the Gagarin Valley and the world,” says MVRDV founding partner Winy Maas. “The valley can be seen as a series of test fields for the 10,000 species that will soon flourish there, an enrichment that will give the area the appearance of a garden of Eden.”
The Gagarin Valley has several villages, some featuring buildings from Soviet times. These will be transformed into the new buildings to waste as little building materials as possible. Traditional Armenian farmhouses will form the inspiration for the newly built homes, to which green, vegetated roofs will be added. This new future and the innovative, sustainable housing will make the valley attractive for different target groups and make the area attractive again for young Armenians.



10,000个风格迥异的花园将包含着各种各样的设施，最大限度地使居民能够在山谷里停留。该方案包括一个市场大厅、一个商业中心、一个艺术中心和一个可容纳4,500 名游客的下沉式体育场，而一个球形的教育农业中心将位于山谷的中心，周围环绕着堆叠成垂直村庄的房屋。

Winy Maas补充说：“我们设计了一个像迷你星球一样的球体，教室围绕着该球形空间，山谷和其他地方的所有植被都被展示和监测。这个球体将被一个包含所有植物的中央公园所包围，一个科学植物园，投射在镜面球体建筑上。我想作为宇航员的加加林肯定会喜欢的。”

MVRDV事务所的愿景与亚美尼亚的雄心壮志非常契合，政府希望为可持续农业景观提供财政支持，并希望重振该地区的旅游业。到2026年，该国的目标是每年吸引约250万名游客，改造后的加加林谷将为此做出重大贡献。

The patchwork of 10,000 different gardens will contain various facilities that will make a stay in the valley even more attractive. The vision proposes a market hall, a commercial centre, a centre for the arts, and a sunken stadium for 4,500 visitors. The heart of the valley will be formed by an educational agricultural centre, around which the highest density can be found, with houses stacked to form vertical villages.
“We designed a sphere that acts as mini-planet, where the classrooms surround a spherical void and where all the species of the valley and beyond are shown and monitored”, adds Winy Maas. “The sphere will be surrounded by a central park that contains all the species – a scientific arboretum, reflected in the mirroring sphere. Gagarin would have loved it, I think.”
MVRDV's vision fits in well with Armenia's ambition: the government wants to provide financial support for sustainable agriculture and has ambitions to revive tourism to the area. By 2026, the country aims to attract some 2.5 million tourists a year, to which the transformed Gagarin Valley will make a significant contribution.





























项目信息：
地点：亚美尼亚
城市：加加林
年份：2022年
占地面积：179450000 m2
委托方：非营利组织 DAR 基金会
项目阶段：在建工程
项目类别：教育、住宅、文化、工业、总体规划
主题：住宅，混合使用，可持续发展，城市主义

Location: Armenia   
City: Gagarin        
Year: 2022         
Surface: 179450000 m2  
Client: DAR Foundation for Regional Development and Competitiveness
Status: In progress
Programmes: Educational , Residential , Cultural , Industrial , Master plan
Themes: Housing , Mixed use , Sustainability , Urbanism