Brussels 布鲁塞尔
Industrial Remix 工业混响
By Tracy Metz  特雷西梅斯
记录着为阿姆斯特丹的特雷西梅斯，他是Sweet & Salt的国际记者（(NAi出版社，2012）。
Amsterdam-based Tracy Metz is an international correspondent for RECORD and author of Sweet & Salt (NAi Publishers, 2012).
当一个布鲁塞尔市社会服务部收购一块了70000平方英尺的受污染的基地，它在2005前是一个肥皂厂，他们举行了一个公寓设计竞赛。获胜的方案来自当地的一家公司，MDW Architecture，他们的方案保留了原来的工业气息，这些工业迹象可追溯到第十八世纪，设计将其转换为42个的中等收入租金的私人庭院，并且有可持续的绿化空间围绕它们。他们将其命名为前驱体，Savonnerie Heymans现在是一个新型的公共房屋，它的复杂性提供共享绿色空间和密集的设施，有人口稠密的年轻人和移民社区，这些移民主要来自北部和撒哈拉以南非洲和东欧。
When the social-services department of a central Brussels municipality bought the contaminated 70,000-square-foot site of a former soap factory in 2005, it established a competition for the design of subsidized apartments. The winning plan by a local firm, MDW Architecture, retains the industrial flavor of the property, which dates back to the 18th century, but transforms it into a sustainable oasis of 42 middle-income rentals grouped around three private courtyards. Named for its precursor, the Savonnerie Heymans is now a model public-housing complex that provides shared green spaces and amenities in a dense but underserved neighborhood on the rebound that is populated by a mix of young people and immigrants, mainly from North and Sub-Saharan Africa and Eastern Europe.

项目建筑师Gilles Debrun给Savonnerie Heymans取名为“一个村落”，这提供了在一个拥挤的城市里，有环境保护的空间。基地背后隐藏的四座废弃的房屋（现已拆除），这个综合体面对街道的一面是热情开放的。所有你从外面看到的是它凹入口大门和新社区日托中心高大，好玩的窗口，这些窗子有一些明亮的颜色。透过诱人的玻璃幕墙有称为“迷你森林“的一个小花园，它坐落在地下停车场，地下停车场上面是公寓。
Project architect Gilles Debrun calls the Savonnerie Heymans “a village” that offers protected space for interaction in an otherwise cramped urban setting. Once hidden behind four derelict houses (now demolished), the complex still presents a discreet face to the street—but a welcoming one. All you see from outside is its recessed entrance gate and new community day-care center with tall, playful windows, some in bright colors. An inviting glazed back wall here allows views through to a small garden behind it called the “mini-forest,” which sits on top of the residents' underground parking garage.
建筑师尽可能节省，所以翻新了现有的10家住宅的两个结构。他们又填充了一些新建筑四，添加了32个有各种住宅类型生活空间：工作室，阁楼，联栋式住宅，和公寓套房。卧室的数量从一个到六个适应老城区的变化，特别是有住房补贴。建筑师也有给居民提供设施的意图，例如日托，公共会议和洗衣房，和户外。除了狭义的“迷你森林，”有一个操场和一个大法院，一个大型中央广场。项目甚至有自己的门房。
Saving what they could, the architects renovated two existing structures that house 10 dwellings. They supplemented these with four new buildings, adding 32 living spaces of various housing types: studios, lofts, duplexes, and maisonettes. The number of bedrooms varies from one to six—a rarity in the old city, especially in subsidized housing. The architects were also intent on providing the inhabitants with collective amenities, such as day care, communal meeting and laundry rooms, and outdoor areas. In addition to the narrow “mini-forest,” there is a playground and the Grande Cour, a large central plaza. The project even has its own concierge.

勒柯布西耶在第二次世界大战后更大的住宅在马赛，据法国人的回忆，几乎所有的单元开放面对集中的门廊或凉廊，还有窗口可动的关闭时可折叠且双层隔声隔热的墙壁。它也提供了通风和“村落”里面的一些隐私空间。为了保存Savonnerie 的场所感，MDW插入了各种残余的工厂的工业遗产。最突出的是，一个131英尺高的砖头烟囱，公寓楼周围升起在金属楼梯和桥连接。这不仅仅一个文物，而且现在是用来通风的地下车库。同样，将20世纪50年代的一个仓库拆除并建立一个观景平台，来创建一个操场。它周围的墙壁是由33英尺降低到10英尺高，而旧钢梁部分保存原来的视觉记忆。
Reminiscent of Le Corbusier's much larger post–World War II Unité d'Habitation in Marseilles, France, almost all the units open to integrated porches or loggias, protected by operable window walls that fold out and double as acoustic and thermal barriers when closed. These also supply ventilation and some privacy in the close quarters of this “village.”To preserve the Savonnerie's sense of place, MDW incorporated various remnants of the factory's industrial heritage. The most prominent, a 131-foot-high brick chimney, rises amid the metal stairways and bridges linking the apartment buildings around it. More than a relic, it is now used to ventilate the underground garage. Similarly, a warehouse from the 1950s was largely demolished to create a playground with a viewing platform. Its surrounding walls were lowered from 33 to 10 feet high, and sections of the old steel beams were preserved as visual artifacts.

建筑师关注高效，低维护的措施，以在施工期间和之后减少能源成本。例如，他们的新建筑的金属板参考了工业风格建筑发展历史，从而导致例如他们的5英寸厚的绝缘板的设计。然后他们恢复现有的19世纪的钢结构工业建筑，中间夹绝缘层，处在新砖外墙和内墙之间，隔离的混凝土板从外部来形成隔绝。这个建筑现在的阁楼空间，符合被动的低能耗建筑性能的要求，达到了布鲁塞尔的环境管理研究所（IBGE）提出的热能使用不少于7300个单位一年每平方英尺的要求。更多的可持续发展的特点包括646平方英尺的热水采暖的太阳能电池板，和雨水收集的厕所以及花园。
The architects paid special attention to efficient, low-maintenance measures in order to reduce energy costs during and after construction. For example, they wrapped the new buildings with industrial-style metal panels—a reference to the location's history—backing them with 5½-inch-thick hemp insulation. Then they restored an existing 19th-century steel-frame industrial building, sandwiching a lighter cellulose insulation between a new brick facade and the inner walls, isolating the concrete slabs from the exterior to create a thermal break. This building, which now houses the Savonnerie's lofts, meets the passive very-low-energy building-performance requirements of the Brussels Institute for Management of the Environment (IBGE) and uses less than 7,300 BTUs per square foot a year to heat. Additional sustainable elements include 646 square feet of solar panels for hot-water heating, and rainwater harvesting for toilets and gardens.
基地隐藏在布鲁塞尔的中心地带，这里住着只有10到百分之15的低收入家庭，Savonnerie Heymans代表一个多种族人口聚居的光明的未来。
Tucked within the heart of Brussels, a city where only 10 to 15 percent of the housing is for low- and middle-income families, the Savonnerie Heymans represents a promising future for a diverse population.

1 入口
2 日间护理中心
3 花园
4 停车场
5娱乐场地
6 烟囱
7 院子
8 公共休息室/洗衣区
9 房屋存在的结构
10 新的住房
1 Entrance
2 Day-care Center
3 Garden
4 Parking
5 Playground
6 Chimney
7 Courtyard
8 Communal Lounge/Laundry Area
9 Existing Structure/Housing
10 New Housing

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