Louis Kahn building at Yale reopens following meticulous restoration

由专筑网Yumi，刘庆新编译

建筑师路易斯•康设计的耶鲁大学英国艺术中心，在重修后重新开放。Robert AM Stern说该项目“为现代建筑的管理树立了一个新的标准”。

The Yale Center for British Art, designed by architect Louis Kahn, has reopened following a refurbishment that "sets a new standard for the stewardship of modern architecture" according to Robert AM Stern .

这座上世纪70年代的建筑的恢复经历了三个阶段，跨越了十多年，耗资3300万美元（£2270万），包括恢复Kahn的设计，重构画廊。

当地Knight Architecture事务所负责人George Knight领导该项目，同时与该中心的副主任Constance Clement、英国的建筑保护事务所Peter Inskip + Peter Jenkins合作完成整个项目。

The restoration of the 1970s building was carried out in three phases spanning more than a decade and cost $33 million (£22.7 million), including the reconfiguration of galleries to revive Kahn's original designs.
George Knight, principal of local firm Knight Architecture, led the project in collaboration with Constance Clement, the centre's deputy director, and UK conservation architects Peter Inskip + Peter Jenkins Architects.

“公共画廊已经被翻修和重构，在个人的审美空间中彰显Kahn的最初设想，包括引进Pogo墙壁，这是根据1974年建筑师的图纸重新设计。”项目团队说。

“这座建筑的改造在设计、建造和重修上研究了不止十年，是Kahn的创新性指导完成了这个项目，”拥有这座建筑的耶鲁大学补充说。

"The public galleries have been renewed and reconfigured to exemplify Kahn's original vision for intimate aesthetic spaces, including the introduction of ‘pogo' walls, redesigned according to the architect's drawing from 1974," said the project team.
"More than a decade of research on the history of the design, construction, and renovation of Kahn's seminal building guided the completion of this project," added Yale University, which owns the building.

该中心位于New Haven 的Connecticut的市中心，它拥有英国皇宫外从十六世纪到现在最大的英国艺术收藏品。

该建筑完成于1977年，三年后它的建筑师 Louis Kahn死于心脏病。

该建筑在耶鲁大学美术馆的街对面，耶鲁大学美术馆完成于1953年，也是由Kahn设计。Kahn是美国20世纪最重要的建筑师之一，20世纪50年代在耶鲁教授建筑学。

Located in downtown New Haven, Connecticut, the centre houses the largest collection of British art outside of the United Kingdom, ranging from the 16th century to the present day.
The building was completed in 1977, three years after its architect, Louis Kahn, died of a heart attack.
It sits across the street from Yale University Art Gallery, completed in 1953 and also designed by Kahn, who was one of America's most important 20th century architects and taught architecture at Yale during the 1950s.

该建筑呈长方形结构，第四层中心有一个混凝土结构，并用钢铁和反光玻璃覆盖。室内装饰有大理石、白橡木和比利时亚麻布。

画廊围绕两个内部庭院组织，同时大量的天窗让自然光照射进各个房间。该建筑最明显的一个特点是Library Court的圆筒形混凝土楼梯。

Rectangular in plan, the four-story centre has a concrete structure and is clad in steel and reflective glass. Interior finishes include travertine marble, white oak and Belgian linen.
Galleries are organised around two interior courtyards, with numerous skylights enabling diffused, natural light to fill many rooms. One of the building's most notable features is a cylindrical, concrete stair tower in the Library Court.

本世纪初，耶鲁大学用三个阶段对该建筑渐渐地实施修复。在最后的阶段，建筑进行关闭修复，5月11号重新开放。

“对这座Louis Kahn设计建造的建筑保护是一个标志性项目，对现代建筑的管理来说设立了新的标准，”他是耶鲁大学建筑学院的院长和他齐名的纽约公司的领导Robert AM Stern说道。

In the 2000s, Yale University set out to gently restore the centre in three stages. The building was closed to the public during the final phase, with a reopening taking place this week, on 11 May.
"The conservation of Louis Kahn's building is a landmark project that sets a new standard for the stewardship of modern architecture," said Robert AM Stern, dean of Yale's architecture school and principal of his eponymous New York firm.

“这是非常宝贵的教学资源，在建筑院校的许多课堂上经常被引用来学习和使用”Stern说。“不仅仅是宝贵的建筑，该中心是城市景观的组成部分——一个成功的建筑与城市关系。”

第一阶段的修复工作，从2008年到2013年，包括一个外部庭院的恢复，称为 Lower Court。并在大楼的演讲厅外对大堂进行维修。

"It is an invaluable teaching resource, frequently studied and used in many classes at the School of Architecture," Stern said. "Much more than a treasure house, the Center is an integral part of the cityscape – a triumph of architecture and urbanism."
The first phase of work, which occurred from 2008 to 2013, included the rehabilitation of an exterior courtyard, called the Lower Court, and repairs to a lobby outside the building's Lecture Hall.

第二阶段完成于2013年，重点是部门的翻修，收藏了照片、图稿，还有珍贵书籍、手稿。

团队在修复过程中增加了建筑的存储功能，去除合成地毯，更换破旧的亚麻布墙面，用白橡木橱柜重新装饰。第二阶段也包括办公室的重构，以更好地满足员工的需求。

The second phases, completed in 2013, focused on the refurbishment of departments dedicated to prints and drawings, as well as rare books and manuscripts.
The team added storage capacity, removed synthetic carpeting, replaced worn linen wall coverings and re-finished white oak cabinetry. The second phase also entailed the reconfiguration of offices to better accommodate the staff's needs.

第三阶段的工作开始于2015年，注重提高展廊和Lecture Hall的品质。二、三、四层的展廊进行了重修以配合Kahn的设计。

这里包含增加的Pogo墙——它是用来展览艺术作品的可拆卸的隔墙，根据建筑的内部网格，可以被四处移动。为了不同的展览，管理者在展廊中可以重新分配空间。

The third phase of work began in 2015 and was focused on enhancing galleries and the Lecture Hall. The galleries on the second, third and fourth floors were refurbished to align with Kahn's design.
This included adding "pogo" walls – demountable partitions that are used for displaying art works that can be moved around according to the building's internal grid. These allow curators to reconfigure the spaces within the galleries for different exhibitions.

在Lecture Hall，团队添加了新的试听设备、视频会议功能和照明功能。同时也为坐轮椅的来宾和他们的服务人员创造了座位区。

In the Lecture Hall, the team added new audiovisual, video conferencing and lighting capabilities, and also created seating areas for guests in wheelchairs and their attendants.

2011年，该中心发表了详细的保护计划，称之为“在美国制造的第一种类型”。出版社将该建筑的设计和建造过程载入历史，为它提出了保养政策。

In 2011, the center published a detailed conservation plan, described as "the first of its kind to be produced in the United States". The publication chronicles the building's design and construction history and proposes policies for its upkeep.

在耶鲁的其他著名建筑有Paul Rudolph设计的艺术与建筑大楼，这是已知的美国野兽派最早的代表建筑。

摄影：Richard Caspole and Michael Marsland

Other prominent buildings at Yale include the Art and Architecture Building by Paul Rudolph, which is one of the earliest known examples of Brutalist architecture in America.
Photography is by Richard Caspole and Michael Marsland


项目信息
原创建筑师：Louis I. Kahn Architects (1969–1974)
后续建筑师：Pellechia & Meyers Architects (1974–1977)
建筑师：Knight Architecture LLC
节能建筑师：Peter Inskip + Peter Jenkins Architects Limited
项目策划和经理：Yale University Office of Facilities
施工经理：Turner Construction Company
建筑顾问和结构工程师：Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc
展览设计师：Stephen Saitas Designs
工程师–机械、电气和消防：BVH Integrated Services
家具，固定装置和设备顾问：Staples & Charles Limited
照明顾问：Hefferan Partnership Lighting Design
音响、音像、戏剧顾问：Cavanaugh Tocci Associates
编码顾问：Philip R. Sherman, P E
建筑材料管理员：Michael Morris, Metropolitan Museum of Art
平面设计师：Strong Cohen Graphic Designers
安全顾问：Architect’s Security Group, Inc
安全顾问：Nationwide Security Corporation, Honeywell Security Group
成本估算：Vermeulens
调试工程顾问：Genesys Engineering PC
行动顾问：LMB Facilities Solutions

Project credits:
Original architect: Louis I. Kahn Architects (1969–1974)
Successor architect: Pellechia & Meyers Architects (1974–1977)
Architect: Knight Architecture LLC
Conservation architect: Peter Inskip + Peter Jenkins Architects Limited
Project planner and manager: Yale University Office of Facilities
Construction manager: Turner Construction Company
Building envelope consultant and structural engineer: Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc
Exhibition designer: Stephen Saitas Designs
Engineer–mechanical, electrical and fire protection: BVH Integrated Services
Furnishings, fixtures, and equipment consultant: Staples & Charles Limited
Lighting consultant: Hefferan Partnership Lighting Design
Acoustics, audiovisual, and theater consultant: Cavanaugh Tocci Associates
Code consultant: Philip R. Sherman, P E
Architectural materials conservator: Michael Morris, Metropolitan Museum of Art
Graphic designer: Strong Cohen Graphic Designers
Security consultant: Architect’s Security Group, Inc
Security consultant: Nationwide Security Corporation, Honeywell Security Group
Cost estimate: Vermeulens
Commissioning consultant: Genesys Engineering PC
Move consultant: LMB Facilities Solutions

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