法国西南部的中学校园
COLLEGE AIME CESAIRE
Saint-Geours-de-Maremne, France

由专筑网李韧，韩平编译

学校建筑需要创造特定的空间，即居住和教学。法国西南部的一个小镇上的中学则是一个很好的案例，它的面积很大，甚至还可扩展建造，对于活泼好动的孩子们来说这些特点都是很有利的因素。

School architecture requires the creation of specific spaces which are for both living in and teaching in. At the heart of the Landes pine forest (South West France), Saint Geours Middle School is a reasonably-sized, scalable establishment, where movement is fluid and views across the landscape are favoured.

建筑面对森林由东西方向一字展开，在广阔的天井两侧形成两个功能中心，一个庭院形成了学校入口的前区广场，而广场上又由木质遮阳板作为主入口的限定元素。建筑师将多个遮阳板高低错落地分布，这样的设计使得这块区域不仅成为校园的标记，还提高了整块场所的可识别性。因此，建筑围合而成的的操场则具有了多重功能，除操场的本身的功能还有引导作用，它将人们引导向行政办公区域和团队合作空间，并向西打开一个内部街道，教室有序列地分布在两侧，然而我们可以看出内部街道所给出的尺度感因流线的动态使用而相对模糊，因此建筑细部（如楼梯、窗户、通道、屋面）的尺度则由倾斜的屋面与构架之间的间隔韵律所引导。这样的做法重新建立了建筑的空间感，扩展了与森林的相互关系，从而构建了一个更加亲密的气氛。孩子们无论是在建筑内部还是在建筑外部行走，都会感觉到建筑与场地之间的相互关系，比如，预制外墙的厚重和构架不对称的跨度也反映了不规则的森林序列。在南侧，立面上扩大的铝板遮阳系统使得无论哪个朝向都不会有阳光直射的不舒适感。玻璃与连续的屋顶顶棚让阳光柔和地散落到建筑的各个角落。热量的有效控制确保孩子们在建筑内一年四季使用起来都十分舒适。这种高品质的环境处理手法有效地限制了建筑对环境的影响。这所中学运用这样的解决方案使得孩子们在封闭的环境中同样能感受到通透的环境氛围。整体建筑给人的印象在于交织在一起的各种元素，建筑向森林延伸，生长于场地又与场地有效地融合一体。

Facing the forest, the plan stretches from east to west and places the two functional centres on both sides of a vast covered courtyard, which synchronises the whole composition. More than just an unoccupied space on the plan, the entrance-courtyard forms the heart of the school and is identified by a wooden canopy: the poles, with their umbrella structures, the different ways they are set up and their height variations, mark the space with an aerial graphic design and the Landes forest, appearing in the interstices, becomes a readable metaphor. The playground is therefore a protected and luminous space which, beyond its functions of passage and shelter, anchors the project within its territory. It leads to the administrative block and group work spaces, and to the west opens onto an interior street where classrooms are distributed across two levels. The impression of a dilated space without scale that this horizontal axis could give is averted by the use of dynamic lines: the architectural details (flights of stairs, window panes, walkways, roofing) are controlled by the work on the oblique, of rhythm and of interstices. As such, this re-establishes the sense of space, extending the analogy with the forest and therefore constructing a more intimate atmosphere. This mimetic relationship between the building and the site is felt at all times, whether we are walking inside or outside the building. Thus, the tight and asymmetrical spans of the facades which are prefabricated in Landes pines reflect the irregular sequence of the tree trunks. To the south, the façade widens to integrate an aluminium brise-soleil system which lets in the sunlight in winter. No room, be it north or south facing, is subjected to direct sunlight. The glass inserts and the continuous line of roof sheds allow for optimal diffusion of sunlight in the interior spaces and tie the architectural ensemble together like a fabric filling the gaps. The efficient control of the heat and energy supplies insures that the building is comfortable to use throughout the year: this (uncertified) high-quality environmental approach sustainably limits the impact of the building on the environment. Saint Geours de Maremne Middle School therefore responds to the necessity of bringing the state school towards the context of its own settlement, to favour the feeling of an enclosed yet breathable space. The impression is one of an architectural ensemble whose elements are both woven together and contrasted, as an extension of the surrounding forest: it finally instils the feeling of belonging to the land.

公司：Patrick Arotcharen
类型：教育›高中
现状：在建
年份：2012
规模：25000——100000㎡
预算：$5000——10000

FIRM: Patrick Arotcharen
TYPE: Educational › High School
STATUS: Built
YEAR: 2012
SIZE: 25,000 sqft - 100,000 sqft
BUDGET: $5M - 10M

               
出处：本文译自architizer.com/，转载请注明出处。