圣乔治大学新体育馆
The Saint George College’s Gymnasium / Gonzalo Mardones V. Arquitectos
由专筑网杜雨川，杨帆编译
来自建筑事务所的描述。圣乔治大学位于Cerro Manquehue山麓，在圣地亚哥维塔库拉附近的一个森林中，森林维持了一种封闭的山下地区的小气候。这所学校是在70年代由建筑师Gustavo Munizaga所设计，为符合校园类型建筑的特点，建筑按一定序列建在树木周围，覆盖整个地区的地形和山作为背景。原来的想法是选择的街道，走廊和广场，在那里组成的教室的环流都形成在树的高度。
From the architect. The Saint George′s College is located at the foothills of Cerro Manquehue, in the Vitacura neighbourhood, Santiago de Chile, in the middle of a forest that is maintained thanks to the microclimate of a place enclosed under the hill. This school, designed in the 70's by the architect Gustavo Munizaga, responds to a campus typology, with programmatic volumes scattered among the trees, covering the entire terrain and having the hill always present as a backdrop. The original idea takes the option of streets, hallways and squares, where circulations and volumes that compose the classrooms are arranged at the height of the trees foliage.
© Nico Saieh
© Nico Saieh
新体育馆覆盖了老体育馆的场地，也利用了以前作为娱乐场地的露台。
The new gym is located in the same place where the old one was, also using the terrace used before as recreational courts.
© Nico Saieh
© Nico Saieh
屋顶平面图-外部的露台/Roof Plan - Exterior Courts
剖面图/Section
项目首先考虑的是在不中断山的景观的同时增加这个校园系统。为此，一个主要建筑物掩埋于景色的投影中的设计显现了出来，建筑保持体量，且最大高度达到原来的校舍屋顶相同的水平。第二个想法是创建一个能够举办室内和室外体育活动的场馆。为此，一个大屋顶（第五外观模式）被设计了出来，作为户外的球场，取代旧的娱乐平台。
A first consideration was to join this major campus system without interrupting the views to the hill. For this, a building mainly buried was projected, keeping the maximum height of the volume to the same level of the roofs of the original school buildings. A second idea was to create a building able to hold sports activities, both inside and outside. For this, a large roof (fifth façade) was designed, as a support for outdoor courts, replacing the old recreational terrace.
© Nico Saieh
© Skye Chapman
相对地，建筑包括中央大空间房屋和主要的场地（或三个训练场地），设有2500个人的座位，以及舞台和运动训练的轨道，两侧房屋都设有更衣和体能训练室；同时包括教学厅的上层建筑，使其屋顶遮盖到其他复杂运动的场地。
Programmatically, the building was resolved with a large central space that houses a main court (or three of training), stands with seats for 2500 people, stage and athletic training track, two lateral buildings housing each dressing and physical conditioning rooms; also, an upper building that receives the teachers' halls, being its roof a stand to the other courts of the sports complex.
© Skye Chapman & Nico Saieh
剖面图/Section
地下一层平面图/1st Underground Leve Plan
这个被掩埋的建筑（第六外观模式），是一个有照明和通风的室内庭院。
This building, being buried (sixth façade), is illuminated and ventilated by interior courtyards.
© Nico Saieh
© Skye Chapman
地下建筑完全由钢筋混凝土制成，深度达地面以下十二米。混凝土添加了二氧化钛，进行了漂白，也有助于像树木一样消除汽车所产生的有毒气体（光催化）。为了支撑上部场地和产生的内部空间，7根50米长的箱形梁用于支撑表面20厘米厚的钢筋混凝土板。这些梁分为三个部分，经过运输、解除最后安装在适当的位置。这些部分建于预应力混凝土的工厂，一旦放置临时支撑，则会设置后张法组装每个梁。
The buried building was completely made of reinforced concrete, reaching twelve meters under the ground level. Concrete with added titanium dioxide was used, allowing the concrete to bleach, and also helping like trees with the elimination of toxic gases produced by cars (photocatalysis). In order to support the upper courts and generate the interior space, seven 50 meter long box-type beams were designed complementing the surface with a 20 cm thick reinforced concrete slab. These beams were divided in three sections in order to be transported, lifted and mounted in their definitive position. The sections were built in factory with pre-stressed concrete, and once placed in its temporary supports, the set was post-tensioned to assemble each beam.
© Nico Saieh
© Nico Saieh
建筑产生了一个重要的具有大体量的结构。考虑到该地区的地震活动，有必要将钢筋混凝土墙围在周围，能够承受地震引起的应力。墙壁以不连续的方式置于三个外立面，以设置采光，楼梯和入口。
The set generated an important structure with a large mass. Given the seismicity of the area, it was necessary to place reinforced concrete walls around the perimeter, capable to withstand the stress caused by an earthquake. The walls were placed in a discontinuous way on three sides of the enclosure to allow the passage of light, stairs and accesses.
© Skye Chapman
© Nico Saieh
© Nico Saieh
© Skye Chapman
© Nico Saieh
© Nico Saieh
© Skye Chapman
地下二层平面图/2nd Underground Leve Plan
一层平面图/1st Level Plan
二层平面图/2nd Level Plan
屋顶平面图/Roof Plan
剖面图/Section
剖面图/Section
南立面/South Elevation
东立面/East Elevation
西立面/West Elevation
建筑设计：Gonzalo Mardones V. Arquitectos
地点：智利，圣地亚哥，维塔库拉的大都会区
主创建筑师：Gonzalo Mardones V., Gonzalo Mardones Falcone, M. Jesús Mardones Falcone
建筑面积：7600.0平方米
摄影：Nico Saieh, Skye Chapman
制造商：Concret Doctor
Architects: Gonzalo Mardones V. Arquitectos
Location: Vitacura, Santiago Metropolitan Region, Chile
Author Architects: Gonzalo Mardones V., Gonzalo Mardones Falcone, M. Jesús Mardones Falcone
Area: 7600.0 m2
Photographs: Nico Saieh, Skye Chapman
Manufacturers: Concret Doctor
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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