意大利特林顿的教育整合体系
Educational Ensemble Terenten / feld72
由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译
教育整合体系让教育资源得到整合，这个想法源于2005年的一项研究，该研究涉及当地社区村庄发展的整体概念。这个概念来源于20世纪70年代初期的建筑，在那时，学校和幼儿园安置在一起，这是经过多年而发展起来的规划策略，这样可以有更多的空间和互动，同时还能将现有的村庄图书馆与教育建筑整合在一起。
Educational ensemble
The idea of the educational ensemble originated from a study in 2005, which involved the local community to develop a holistic concept for the village. Based on the original building of the 1970s, where the school and the kindergarten were housed together, a concept developed over the years which allows both facilities more space and interaction whilst at the same time integrating the existing village library.
© Hertha Hurnaus
教育整合这个概念向村庄开放，反之亦然，让它成为日常生活的一部分。对于这个先进的现代理念，实施的前提是南蒂罗尔的自治示范教育和致力于参与项目的教师群体。更重要的是，要创造一个足够有吸引力的学习环境，从而鼓励人们的发现、实验和研究。
新的校舍是改变与提高人们审美观念的感官工具，它为人们的学习生活提供了一个合适的环境，而且其本身就是一种教学工具。通过让空间具有使用价值、并且让这一价值能够更加全面地体现，它也有助于提高人们对于结构和建筑的理解。
The educational ensemble opens itself to the village and vice versa - it becomes part of everyday life. A prerequisite for the implementation of this progressive and modern concept was the exemplary educational autonomy of South Tyrol and the very committed teachers involved in the project. The premise was to create an engaging and activating learning environment that encourages discovery, experimentation, and research.
As a sensory instrument, which changes and sharpens perceptions, the new school building does not only offer a suitable house for up-to-date teaching and learning but is itself a teaching tool. By making the space available and comprehensively allowing this space to be experienced in all its dimensions, it also contributes to structural and architectural understanding.
© Hertha Hurnaus
概念/Concept
幼儿园
该幼儿园于2010年落成，由三个建筑组成，在设计时充分考虑了村庄的规模和儿童的角度。单独的建筑体块连接起来呈现出一种独特的建筑形式，在设计中，建筑师巧妙地利用现有的地形，将它们嵌入斜坡，从而连接内部和外部空间。建筑与周边景观相互融合，展现了内外空间的复杂性。
The kindergarten
The kindergarten, completed in 2010, consists of three buildings, thereby taking care to consider the village’s scale as well as the children’s perspective. The individual buildings join to present an optically memorable form; cleverly using the existing topography, they are embedded in the slope and connect internal and external spaces. The building becomes an integral part of the surrounding landscape unfolding an inner and outer complexity of spatial sequences.
底层平面图/Ground Floor Plan
小学
并列的体块聚集形成一个完整的建筑整体，这种手法也适用于这里：保持原学校的轮廓，正如幼儿园一样，它由各个简单的体块组成，并且其中具有独立的建筑结构。
The primary school
The architectural strategy to juxtapose clearly recognizable volumes which together form a larger whole, also applied here: maintaining the outline of the original school, its shape was reduced to simple and clear volumes and, like those in the kindergarten, organized in individual building structures.
© Hertha Hurnaus
小学外立面的粗糙石膏与幼儿园的混凝土立面相互交错。原始建筑的倾斜地形创造了独特的建筑环境。
在欧美地区，学校与邻近的体育馆、音乐馆、展览场地相互连接，从而增强了各个基础设施与村中心的联系。
The rough plaster of the outer facade interplays with the exposed concrete facade of the kindergarten. The sloping terrain in which the original building stands creates interesting special situations at varying levels.
To the West, the school is connected to the adjoining gym, the music pavilion, and the fairground and thereby enhance the link to the village center.
© Hertha Hurnaus
在东部，与学校相邻的休闲自由区也是学校与幼儿园相连接的地方，这个区域促进了两者之间的联系。沿途的步道连接北部的步行区和南部的游乐场。由于地形的倾斜，小学的地下室能够直接通向操场，这里除了食堂还包含一个公共图书馆。图书馆分为几个不同的小型空间，其中有一个媒体室以及阅读的小空间。
To the East, the free area used for break time which is adjacent to the school hall is also where the school connects to the kindergarten, thereby promoting cooperation between the two. New passages along the school provide direct access from the pedestrian zone in the North to the playground in the South. Due to the sloping topography, the basement of the primary school opens out to the playground and also contains a public library in addition to the canteen. Divided into different small-scale spaces, the library contains a media section as well as niches for reading.
© Hertha Hurnaus
在较高楼层，建筑师通过学校大厅的通高设计实现了空间氛围的连接。观景廊将二楼的房间与建筑物的中央空间相连。原来的空间变成了一个具有开阔景观视野的教学区，这个教学区与教室、其他辅助房间、中央衣帽间、员工休息室和厕所组合在一起。
In the upper floors, a connected atmosphere is achieved via the high-ceilinged design of the school hall. A viewing gallery joins the rooms on the second floor with the central space of the building. The original circulation is transformed into a learning landscape, around which classrooms, additional rooms, the central cloakroom, the staff room and the toilets are grouped.
© Hertha Hurnaus
剖面图/Section
学生通过宽敞的玻璃窗能够看到窗外赏心悦目的群山美景。每个教室都有一个用于储物的小空间，并且也为学校大厅提供额外的座位区域。这些新的开口将以前的小空间转变成一个大的整体。这样，学生们甚至可以到户外完成学习任务。
Spacious glazing to the outside as well as between the school hall and classrooms ensure exciting visual connections as well as views of the surrounding mountains. Each classroom is assigned a window niche, which offers sufficient storage space and provides additional seating for the school hall. These new openings transform the previously small spaces into a large whole. In this way, different places of learning also develop outside the classroom.
© Hertha Hurnaus
最大的结构变化是将阁楼转变成为一个大型内向区域，这是一个开放空间，这里主要用于教学任务的研究与排布。建筑师还利用了可移动的家具，如桌子、工作台和厨房设施等，这样使得空间具有多样性，并为日后的改造提供无限可能性。
The largest structural change was made by transforming the attic into a large, cohesive area – the Open Space; this multifaceted and multifunctional space supports the research aspect of the pedagogical concept. Movable furniture as the room divider, crafting tables, workbenches and a kitchenette ensure the versatility of the space and allows for infinite possibilities of reinvention.
© Hertha Hurnaus
环境规划/Context Plan
环境规划/Context Plan
一层平面图/First Floor Plan
图书馆轴测图/Library Axonometric
二层平面图/Second Floor Plan
方案/View Scheme
场地平面图/Site Plan
地下层平面图/Underground Floor Plan
建筑事务所：feld72
位置：意大利
面积：2656.0平方米
项目年份：2017年
摄影：Hertha Hurnaus
结构工程：Ingenieurteam Bergmeister（ITB），Vahrn
建筑设备：Energytech
电力：Energytech
施工现场协助：Ingenieurteam Bergmeister（ITB），Vahrn
设计团队：Yuliana Abisheva，Martin Bauer，Tamara Egger，Marino Fei，Carl Friedrich，Rinor Kaba，DavidKovařík，Melanie Machek，Gerhard Mair，Edoardo Nobili，Ralph Reisinger
Architects：feld72
Location：39030 Terento BZ, Italy
Area：2656.0 m2
Project Year：2017
Photographs：Hertha Hurnaus
Structural Engineering：Ingenieurteam Bergmeister (ITB), Vahrn
Building Services：Energytech
Electrics：Energytech
Construction Site Assistance：Ingenieurteam Bergmeister (ITB), Vahrn
Collaborators：Yuliana Abisheva, Martin Bauer, Tamara Egger, Marino Fei, Carl Friedrich, Rinor Kaba, David Kovařík, Melanie Machek, Gerhard Mair, Edoardo Nobili, Ralph Reisinger
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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