皇后博物馆展示“从未建成的纽约市”：可视化效果的梦幻景观城市
Queens museum presents ‘never built NYC’: an urban dreamscape visualizing an alternate city

由专筑网黎旭辰，李韧编译

皇后博物馆最近展出的“从未建造的纽约市”，这是一个让人身临其境的展览，这次展览展示了由Sam Lubell和Greg Golden策划以及由来自Gensler领导的Christian Wassmann工作室的主持设计，展出了只在图画中才能见到的最具影响力的未来150年的城市设计。Designboom参加了这次展览的独家新闻报道，让我们在策展人和设计师的指导下一睹为快。

Queens museums presents ‘never built NYC’, an immersive exhibit visualizing the ‘metropolis that could have been’.Curated by Sam Lubell and Greg Golden, and designed by studio Christian Wassmann with support from gensler, the exhibit features 150 years of the boldest, most far-reaching urban designs that never made it past the drawing board. Designboom attended an exclusive press preview, where we were guided through the galleries by the curators and designer.


鲁宾画廊的装置展览／Installation view of the rubin gallery. image by hai zhang, courtesy of the queens museum

这些作品来源于40多个收藏品，其中包括劳埃德•赖特（frank lloyd wright）、斯蒂文•霍尔（steven holl）和丹尼尔•里伯斯金（ Daniel Libeskind）的珍贵作品。其中甚至还包含一些大型建筑模型，其中有1990年以来的一个13英尺（约3.9米）高的斯蒂文•霍尔（steven holl）的视差塔方案模型。

Drawings were pulled from over 40 archives and collections including treasured works by frank lloyd wright,steven holl, and Daniel Libeskind. Large-scale architectural models were also acquired through generous support from architecture firms including a 13-foot-tall model of steven holl’s parallax towers proposal from 1990.


丹尼尔•里伯斯金（Daniel Libeskind）在麦迪逊大道设计的纽约塔的模型（2007年）／Model of Daniel Libeskind’s new york tower at one madison avenue (2007). image © designboom

联合策展人Sam Lubell说，“这个展览被设计成一个密集的城市梦幻景观，在各个方向都揭示了纯粹的城市设计策略，无论好坏与否，这些策略都会改变城市的当前形态，当游客们走进展馆时，将通过视觉感受来了解当前展出的城市布局。”

‘The show is designed as a dense urban dreamscape, revealing in all directions pure urban inventions that would have changed the city beyond recognition–both for better and for worse,’ says co-curator sam lubell. ‘Visitors get a sense of how ephemeral built visions (and realities) can be, and are transported from the minute they enter the galleries.’


sam lubell介绍各项作品，他重点讲解了劳埃德•赖特设计的莱伊斯岛的绘画（1959年）／sam lubell leads tour through rubin gallery, highlighting frank lloyd wright’s drawing for ellis island (1959). image © designboom

展览分为三个不同的空间，每个空间都是非常独特的环境。在红宝石画廊，长长的锥形空间类似于曼哈顿原始材料在地理上的质感，从而模仿曼哈顿的空间感。展览设计师Christian Wassmann注意到，这个空间与中城相似，你在各个层面都有新发现。“我们选择了沙龙的风格，那里的东西都是混合的，并且非常符合整体的大环境。”

The exhibition is divided into three different spaces, each creating a very distinct environment. In the rubin gallery, whose long tapering shape resembles manhattan, original materials are organized geographically, mimicking the height and depth of manhattan. ‘The space is similar to midtown, where you have stimulation on all levels’, notes exhibition designer christian wassmann. ‘We picked the salon-style of hanging, where things are all mixed and matched in groups’.


Diller Scofidio + Renfro的Eyebeam艺术和技术博物馆模型（2001年）／Model of Diller Scofidio +Renfro’s Eyebeam museum of art and technology (2001). image © designboom

展览的第二阶段是“纽约市的全景”，这是世界上最大的建筑模型，它遍布整个房间。展示了原本设在全市的70多个“未建”项目，这些项目在城市上空如幽灵般闪闪发光。这些作品运用有机玻璃3D打印而成，由哥伦比亚大学建筑研究生院（GSAPP）的学生设计和制作。

The second phase of the exhibit takes place in the ‘panorama of the city of new york’, the world’s largest architectural scale model, which spreads out across an entire room. More than 70 ‘never built’ projects have been installed in their originally intended locations across the city, appearing as transparent ghosts illuminated over the city. These 3D-printed and plexiglas models were designed and produced by students at columbia university’s graduate school of architecture (GSAPP).


纽约市全景的西南视图／Southwest view of the panorama of the city of new york. image by hai zhang, courtesy of the queens museum

“当你来到全景室，拥有鸟瞰的视角，可以让你从一个全新的角度来看事物。”wassman说，“我希望有一两个孩子能从这个展览中得到灵感，从而成为建筑师或城市规划师。希望他们能够意识到他们实际上可以参与塑造城市。”全景室还运用了虚拟现实（VR）技术。 “没有建立的城市”项目与VR视觉的专家Visual Vocal合作，Visual Vocal曾经与shimahara illustration合作创建了一个增强版的现实世界。通过VR眼镜，游客可以看到更多未曾见过的设计方案。

‘When you come to the panorama room, you have a bird’s eye perspective which can make you look at things from a new perspective’, says wassman. ‘My hope is that one or two kids come out of this exhibition and become architects or community organizers. they become aware that they can actually participate in shaping their cities’. An additional feature of the panorama room is an immersive virtual reality (VR) feature. ‘Never built’ partnered withvisual vocal, specialists in VR visualizations, who worked with shimahara illustration to create a world of augmented reality. Using VR goggles, visitors are transported to the sites of these grand proposals.


William Zeckendorf的西区机场设计方案（1946年）／William Zeckendorf’s plan for the west side airport (1946). image by hai zhang, courtesy of the queens museum

展览的第三阶段在天窗画廊展开，让游客体验未建成的专门用于净化土地的可乐娜公园（Corona Park）。 这里还有一个通过充气建立的“有弹性的城堡” ，这是Eliot Noye于1964年设计的Westinghouse展厅，这个作品为1964年世博会而建立，是大空间的一个亮点。其他的设计方案还包括几个体育场馆和皇后博物馆的未建成版本。

The third phase, unfolding in the skylight gallery, allows visitors to experience unbuilt projects that were intended specifically for flushing meadows, corona park. An inflatable, and usable ‘bouncy castle’ version of eliot noyes’ unbuilt ‘westinghouse pavilion’ for the 1964 world’s fair acts as the main attraction within the large space. Other ambitious proposals include several stadiums, and an unbuilt version of the queens museum itself.


西区机场设计方案的VR效果图（1946年）／VR rendering of west side airport proposal (1946). image by shimahara illustration

通过这些展出的项目，策展人希望能够引发建筑师在繁华大都会面临的设计挑战的思考。回首过去的同时也希望通过这些现实的替代品从而激发人们对于城市未来的思考。

Through their selection of projects, the curators hope to spark dialogue about the design challenges faced by architects in a bustling metropolis. While the projects look to the past, the curators also hope that the visualization of alternate realities can inspire the city’s future.


R. Buckminster Fuller 以及 Shoji Sadao with June Jordan, Harlem Skyrise项目（1960年）／R. Buckminster Fuller & Shoji Sadao with June Jordan, Harlem Skyrise project (1960). image by hai zhang, courtesy of the queens museum


全景模型视图／View of panorama model. image by hai zhang, courtesy of the queens museum


Pei Cobb Freed，双曲面（1954-1956年）／Pei Cobb Freed, hyperboloid (1954-1956). image by shimahara illustration


摩天大桥鸟瞰图（1925年）／Installation view of skyscraper bridges (1925). image by hai zhang, courtesy of the queens museum


raymond hood敞篷摩天大桥桥梁的VR渲染图（1925年）／VR rendering of raymond hood’s skyscraper bridges (1925). image by shimahara illustration


皇后美术馆的天窗画廊展示未建成的设计方案／Skylight gallery featuring never built proposals for queens. image by hai zhang, courtesy of the queens museum


Eliot Noyes为1964年世博会所设计的Westinghouse展厅的设计灵感来源于Bouncy住宅／Bouncy house interpretation of eliot noyes’ ‘unbuilt westinghouse pavilion’ for the 1964 world’s fair. image by hai zhang, courtesy of the queens museum


弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特（Frank Lloyd Wright）和Taliesin associated architects的埃里斯岛的设计方案（1959年）／Key plan for ellis island by Frank Lloyd Wright and Taliesin associated architects (1959). courtesy the frank lloyd wright foundation archives


弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特（Frank Lloyd Wright）和Taliesin associated architects共同设计的埃利斯岛的3D模型／3D model of key plan for ellis island by Frank Lloyd Wright and Taliesin associated architects. courtesy columbia university GSAPP


场地3D模型由Moshe Safdie设计（1968年）／Habitat 3D model by Moshe Safdie (1968). courtesy columbia university GSAPP


视差塔3D模型（1990年）／Parallax towers 3D model (1990). courtesy Steven Holl architects


3D模型天际线／Skyline of never built 3D models. courtesy columbia university GSAPP


保罗•鲁道夫的亭子（1964年）／Paul Rudolph Galaxon pavilion (1964). courtesy Shimahara illustration


由Samuel Friede设计的Coney Island Globe（1906年）／Coney island globe by Samuel Friede (1906). courtesy Shimahara illustration


巴克明斯特•富勒（Buckminster Fuller）的曼哈屯球形方案（1960年）／Dome over Manhattan by Buckminster Fuller (1960). courtesy the estate of R. Buckminster Fuller


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