塘口国际青年空间/乡舍再构建筑设计事务所
                                                                                                   
塘口国际青年空间位于世界文化遗产开平碉楼与村落所在地——开平塘口镇，我们希望通过开展各类有利于乡村建设的活动与项目，带动整个社区的共同发展，最终达到活化塘口社区的目的。

“塘口空间”是这个衰落社区的第一个改造项目，我们希望以此作为塘口社区计划的起搏器，并通过活化这个空间，吸引更多有趣的人参与到整个塘口社区活化计划当中。

Tangkou International Youth Space is located at Tangkou town of Kaiping city, which houses the UNESCO Heritage Site—Kaiping Diaolou and Villages. The Space seeks to initiate various programs for village construction that bring energy to the mutual developments of village communities, and eventually reinvigorate those communities in Tangkou.
TK-Space reconstruction project is the first project in this area. We hope to use this project as the pump to prime the bigger reinvigoration project through the contributions of more dedicated people.



▼效果图, rendering




经过调查，塘口空间团队发现这里仍保留着侨乡独特的建筑风格，保存有丰富的农业、旅游等资源，以及良好的生态人居环境。
   
项目所在核心区塘口镇旧墟是旧时镇政府的驻地中心，见证了近代以来侨乡历史的兴衰演变。近代因人口流失、镇政府外迁、城市化发展等原因，小镇逐渐衰落；然而衰落的塘口旧墟在我们看来，就像是将时光凝固在90年代一般；一切都似乎在等待着新的复兴，新的机遇。
   
旧墟的早期功能定位可以称得上是一个小型商贸及行政中心，各种功能性空间完备齐全——邮局、银行、税务、工业建筑、剧场、粮仓，供销社等等。麻雀虽小，五脏俱全！此外，基地周边生态环境优良，农田环绕，多条乡间绿道贯通各个主要的旅游景区及多个自然村落。夜间漫步田间小道还可以看见不少的萤火虫和满天星空。

该如何把这些资源利用好，才能与周边社区居民共生发展？才能使塘口社区活起来？正是因为这个疑问，我们尝试提出了塘口社区计划，希望通过这个计划，吸引来自不同地域、不同群体、有志于乡村建设的组织及个人，以不同的方式去合作、交流和实践。

Research shows that Tangkou still preserves the unique architectural style of the overseas Chinese, and it still maintains abundant agricultural resources, potential tourism, and good ecological environment.
The center of the project—Old Downtown Tangkou used to be the office area of Tangkou government. In recent years, due to population loss, relocation of the government, and urbanization, the old downtown lost its energy. However, we treat the place as if it was still in the 1990s: it is waiting for new opportunities.
The old downtown was truly a center of business and administration in its early days. The area equipped itself with post office, bank, industrial buildings, theatre, barns and other functional spaces. Also, TK-Space is surrounded with rice patties and village greenways that led to major tourist sites and various natural villages. If taken a night walk, one can also encounter countless fireflies and enjoy the starry sky.
How should we use these resources to cooperate with local villagers and reinvigorate the Tangkou community? We seek to respond to this question with the Tangkou Community Project. We hope to attract groups and individuals who are interested in village construction to cooperate and interact with our project.

▼区位分析图，Location


我们希望空间改造整体上是相对自由，没有过多约束的。考虑到空间采光、视觉及室内外的整体性问题，如何将不同的空间有机联系在一起，我们在旧建筑破旧的现状中得到启发，最终采取这样的基本原则进行改造：

1: 尊重原有传统建筑的表现形式，最大限度地保育旧建筑；
2: 结合钢结构的灵活性特点，利用结构的高差增大建筑的自然采光；
3: 拆除部分建筑的非承重墙体，联通两个或者多个空间，扩大公共活动空间；
4: 结合建筑的历史现状进行改造，保留破损天花的天井意境，增设两个天井小院。
      
We hoped that the reconstruction was free overall, without too much restraints. After considering the problems of sunlight, visioning, and the overall continuity, we decided to link spaces together. We were inspired by the shambled buildings, and continued our reconstruction based on these principles:
1. Respect the original characteristics and sought to conserve the old buildings as much as possible.
2. Use steel’s flexibility to expand sunlight income with the differences in buildings’ height.
3. Demolish part of nonbearing wall and connect spaces to expand public area.
4. Respect the history of buildings; preserve the broken roof and add two extra patio courtyards.

▼改造前，before construction


▼改造后的国际青年空间，after construction


针对五金厂的设计，我们强化其红砖及木瓦结构的特质，结合原建筑状况增设二楼环绕平台。一方面，丰富了人与建筑的互动维度，另一方面丰富空间中人的活动动线。

For the hardware factory, we strengthened its red brick and shingle structure character, and added a new platform on the second floor according to the building conditions. In this way, people can interact with the buildings and explore their own routes on a larger scale.

▼80年代五金厂改造前，the hardware factory before construction


▼改造后，the hardware factory was transformed into a community center


此空间通过拆除部分非承重墙体，最大程度地呈现80年代混搭的金字拱顶及木瓦结构。我们梳理出一个大空间，作为整个建筑的多功能空间。这个空间可以适应各种不同类型的讲座、聚会、课程交流及工作坊的空间需求。

For this area, we tore down some nonbearing walls, and presented the Vault and shingle structure as much as possible. In this way, we have a bigger area that functions as the multifunction room in the building. This room can accommodate various lectures, parties, classes, and workshops.

▼改造前二层室内空间，the internal space before construction


▼改造后，the internal space was transformed into a multifunction room


▼改造中，in construction


庭院在改造过程中，我们发现原来的建筑材料和结构早已老化，加上早期使用的建筑材料主要以黄泥砖墙为主、配筋严重不足等问题，不得不将这部分附属结构推倒重新设计建设。设计上针对结构毁坏严重且无法保留的瓦面回廊，我们尊重原来的建筑文脉但避免做“假古董”，于是采用钢结构等新的结构形式来承载旧的建筑表现形式，并以此来增强和区分新旧建筑的辨识度。

改造后回廊的附属建筑主要作为配套空间，如：开放性厨房、半室外的餐饮空间、多功能剧场、设备用房、卫生间等。

For the garden, we noticed that due to problems like outdated materials and Serious shortage of reinforcement, the old structure had to be torn down for redesign. Since we treated the old but unretainable tile corridor with respect, we avoided making “fake antiques” and we remodeled the structure with steel. The new corridor contains supplementary areas such as an open kitchen, a semi-open restaurant, a multimedia theatre, and restrooms.

▼改造前的内院，the yard before construction


▼改造后的内院,after construction


▼改造前的庭院 ,before construction


▼改造后的庭院,after construction


▼改造前的回廊,before construction


▼改造后的回廊,after construction


东北侧原厂房车间在一次台风中屋顶严重破损，形成了一个“天井”，因此我们采取因地制宜的方式，将这个“小天井”进行保留，在功能上实现自然采光与通风换气的效果。我们采用红砖砌筑方式，保持新旧建筑肌理的一致性，希望在书房看书的人们可以感受到庭院的恬静。

The roof of the northeastern workshop was severely damaged during a typhoon. Luckily, with some management, we created a “small Sky well” on the damaged hole that receives natural sunlight and better air exchange. Also, we used red bricks to accord the old architectural style. We hope that people can enjoy the tranquility of the new garden.

▼改造前侧房,the broken roof before construction


▼改造后的小天井,the broken space was transformed into a patio


我们结合场地遗留的断墙以及考虑到整个场地屋顶天际线的延续性问题，保留断墙并加以改造成为庭院的后门廊。
   
For the remaining part of the broken wall, we considered the continuity of the skyline above the roof and decided to preserve the wall and turned it into a back porch of the garden.

▼改造前的断墙,the broken wall before construction


▼改造后的门廊,the broken wall was transformed into a back porch




▼改造后的屋顶露台,the platform after construction








改造后的机械厂将作为国际青年旅社，我们尊重建筑原有厂房特性，最大限度地保留工厂运作时主要功能区的器械及结构形式。外立面基于预算考虑及尊重建筑历史风貌的原则，基本不做大的改动，仅通过加设室外植物挂网进行装饰。我们希望它可以成为乡村实践的一个多元文化的载体空间。
   
We hope that the hostel can be a platform for various village practices, so we did not make major changes to the facade due to principle no.4. We only added plants on the vertical nets for embellishment.

▼改造前 Lee Fong Comoany before construction


▼改造后,the watch factory was transformed into a youth hostel


首层保留工厂大面积工作面作为青年旅舍的接待大厅，并有意去除批荡面层裸露出建筑主体的四根水泥柱。另外，厂区遗留下的机械作最大限度的保留，并加以利用作为建筑的内在装饰及历史记忆的载体。

The first floor preserved the open space for factory work as the lobby for the hostel; we even demolished the four bare cement pillars to make the floor more open. Also, we preserved most of the remaining machineries, and used them as internal embellishments and records of history.

▼改造前的大厅,factory frist floor before construction


▼改造后的大厅factory frist floor was transformed into a youth hostel lobby


首层我们通过拆除部分非承重墙体，将青年旅舍的大厅和社区活动中心进行连接，使得原本相互独立的两个建筑联系在一起。扩大其公共活动区域，也使得首层的活动动线更加自由。

For the first floor, we demolished part of the northeastern walls, and connected the hostel’s lobby to the community center, thereby making the previously independent buildings to a whole. Through the expansion of public spaces, the available moving area of the first floor was expanded.

▼厕所改造前，If toilet before construction


▼改造后，If toilet was transformed into an connection area




二层是以青年及背包客为主题的青旅空间，平面布局上考虑到青年和驴友的个性以及如何将主体柱子消隐的问题，我们采取较为曲折的路线设计，使得每个房间大小不一。另外我们也拆除了二楼一部分立面的非承重墙，将旅舍的二楼与社区中心的二楼联系在一起，延伸和拓展了旅舍住客的活动空间。
      
三层我们考虑到该层有部分空间是原来华侨的住所，所以我们设计上尝试以侨乡的家庭客厅为设计主轴，我们在附近收集了华侨年代的家具并运用到各个“客厅”交流空间之中。我们也希望通过这些怀旧的家具来营造一种侨乡客厅的氛围。

The second floor of the hostel is themed for youths and backpackers. After considering the relationship between their tastes and body pillars, we took a circuitous route, and created rooms with uneven space. Also, we demolished part of the northeastern walls to connect the east end second floor with the community center’s second floor, which further enlarged the walking area of guests.
The third floor is themed as the living room of overseas Chinese since it already contains a previous overseas Chinese family. We collected old furniture from locals and placed them into various “living rooms”. We hope that these old furniture can create a sense of the old living room back in the ages of the prosperous overseas Chinese.

▼改造实景图, in construction


▼改造效果图, rendering


▼二层露天剧场实景图,the platform after contruction






▼青旅房间实景图,the hostel internal room after construction










▼青旅床位房,the bunk bed room




▼青旅标准房,the twin bed room




▼青旅客厅,the living room






▼ 一层平面图,the first floor plan


▼ 二层平面图,the second floor plan


▼ 三层平面图,the third floor plan


▼ 四层平面图,the four floor plan


▼ 爆炸图, explosive view


▼ 爆炸图,explosive view


▼立面图, Facade


项目信息
项目名称：塘口国际青年空间
业主：开平塘口空间旅游服务有限公司
业主管理团队：邓华，李继津
建筑设计：乡舍再构建筑设计事务所
建筑设计团队：李继津，雷健华，王志明，方树涵  
施工团队：塘口周边村民（谢瑞富，谢耀创，谢耀文，简婶，梁婶，谢添，周sir，梁sir等）
摄影：李继津，雷健华，方树涵  
项目规模：2000平方米
完成时间：2017.10
地址：广东省开平市塘口镇塘西路14号

Project information
Project Name:  TK-SPACE
Owner:  Kaiping TK space Tourism Service Co. Ltd
Architect: Mode-Tech Architecture Studio
Design Team: li Jijin, Lei jianhua, Wang Zhiming, Fang Shuhan
Construction Team: Local Villagers(Xie Ruifu, Xie Yaowen, Xie Yaochuan, Mr.Zhou, Mr.Liang,Ms.Jian,Ms. Liang…)
Photographer：li Jijin, Lei jianhua, Fang Shuhan
Floor Area: 2000㎡
Design Period: 2016.8-2017.10
Completion Date: 2017.10
Location: 14 Tangxi Rd,Tangkou Town,Kaiping,Jiangmen,Guangdong,China




来源：本文由乡舍再构建筑事务所提供稿件，所有著作权归属乡舍再构建筑事务所所有。