荷兰奈梅亨钢琴桥/ NEXT建筑事务所
Citadel Bridge, Nijmegen, the Netherlands/ NEXT architects

1993年至1995年间，河畔居民面临另人堪忧的处境。当时，水平面极高，堤坝勉强控制住水位，出于安全考虑，有2５万居民被迫撤离。而且水位上涨在未来会更频繁地发生。鉴于此，政府决定，确保河流能够释放更大水量，而不会形成洪灾。作为响应，一个全国性项目正式启动——荷兰河流空间打造项目（Dutch Room for the River Program）。该项目的目标是给河流更大的空间，足以承受更高的水位。该项目将在全国３０多个地方进行，采取相应措施，为河流提供安全泄洪空间，同时可以改善临近地区的环境质量 。

The residents in the river region were confronted anxious times in 1993 and 1995. The water levels were extremely high and the dikes just managed to hold. A quarter of a million people had to be evacuated. Extremely high river discharges will occur more frequently in the future and for this reason it was decided to ensure that the rivers could discharge the forecast greater volumes of water without flooding. In response, a National wide project has started, the Dutch Room for the River Program. The goal of the program is to give the river more room to be able to manage higher water levels. At more than 30 locations, measures will be taken that give the river space to flood safely. Moreover, the measures will be designed in such a way that they improve the quality of the immediate surroundings.

Citadel桥，俗称 “钢琴桥”，位于奈梅亨，属于瓦尔河空间打造国家级项目的一部分。该工程通过开凿一条瓦尔河支流，营造出一座崭新岛屿，Veur-Lent岛。桥梁长达７００英尺，连接Veur-Lent岛和北面河堤。因其位于河滩之上，所以一年之中总会有几天，大桥会部分淹没于水中。水位上下平均波动约为５米。钢琴桥在设计中巧妙地利用了河流水位涨落这一特殊性。

The Citadel Bridge in Nijmegen is part of Room for the Waal River as part of the national program. By creating a bypass for the river, the Waal, a new island, Veur-Lent, emerges. With a length of 700 feet the bridge connects the island and the northern riverbank. Its location, in the floodplain, makes the bridge partially submerge in the water a few days a year, with an average fluctuation of about 5 meters. This particular characteristic was used as one of the main design principles for the bridge.

在城市水系公园里，２１世纪初提出的水安全空间质量构想将得以变为现实。在这里，人们可以体验水的流动性。城市水系公园将向世人展示：动态水是打造令人兴奋和愉悦新景观背后的驱动力。河流动力学是水历基础，它被转换为公园内步道系统学。

In the Urban River Park, the spatial quality of the water safety thinking at the beginning of the 21st century will be made visible. To experience the water dynamics is a major opportunity. The Urban River Park is a park that shows that river dynamics is the driving force behind an exciting and enjoyable new landscape. The fluvial dynamics are the basis of a water calendar, which is translated into a typology of the trail system in the park.

弧形钢琴桥是步道不可或缺的一部分。退潮时节，桥体处于陆地之上；但随着水位升高，步道与桥梁逐渐淹没于水下。桥梁与道路之间的过渡是平稳、渐进的。而纵向剖面采用不对称设计，涨潮时节仅桥梁下部淹没消失。如此一来，景观动态性跃然呈现。水位上升使桥梁上部好似漂浮于水面，形成一道迷人景致。水位回降，踏脚石也可用作长凳，赋予了大桥娱乐气质。

The curved Citadel Bridge becomes an integral part of this path. At low tide, the bridge deck rests on land, but with rising waters the path and bridge submerge. The transition between bridge and path is smooth and gradual, and the longitudinal profile is asymmetrical, making only the lower part of the bridge disappear at high tide. Then the dynamics of the landscape are most visible, and the rising water becomes an attraction, as the high part of the bridge appears to float. Stepping stones also can be used as benches that enhance the recreational quality of the bridge.

大桥始建于2014年4月，预算为500万美元。2015年秋季完工。河流空间打造 （Room for the River）是两项欧盟合作项目，由INTERREG IVB NWE 项目提供资助。这两项欧盟项目分别是城市防项目洪（Flood Resilient City，FRC)及防洪土地合理利用(ALFA)项目。

The construction of the bridge started in April 2014 and has a budget of $ 5 million building cost. Completion is scheduled for autumn 2015. Room for the River is lead partner for two EU projects, subsidized in the INTERREG IVB NWE program. These are Flood Resilience City (FRC) and Adaptive Land Use for Flood Alleviation (ALFA).

区位图

平面图

剖面图

图解

位置：奈梅亨（荷兰）Nijmegen ,The Netherlands
类型/计划/目的：桥
跨度：210 mtr
状态：建成
初期设计：2011年11月
最终设计：2012年12月
开始建造：2014年4月
完成：2015年
业主：奈梅亨市政府
设计师：NEXT建筑事务所
顾问
结构顾问：IBA Amsterdam (ing . Chris Hattink)
承包人：I-Lent (Dura Vermeer Divisie Infra BV en Ploegam BV)

Location: Nijmegen, the Netherlands
Type / Program / Purpose: Bridge
Span: 210 mtr
Status: Preliminary design
Preliminary design: November, 2011
Final design: December, 2012
Start building: April, 2014
Completion: 2015
Client: Municipality of Nijmegen
Architect / designer: NEXT architects
Advisor(s)
Advisor construction: IBA Amsterdam (ing. Chris Hattink)
Contractor(s): I-Lent (Dura Vermeer Divisie Infra BV en Ploegam BV)


来源：本文由NEXT建筑事务所提供稿件，所有著作权归属NEXT建筑事务所所有