Yagan Square / Lyons Architects + iredale pedersen hook architects + ASPECT Studios

由专筑网李韧，王帅编译

项目综述

Yagan广场项目对于珀斯市（澳大利亚城市）与西澳洲（澳大利亚联邦的一个洲）来说意义非凡，它位于位于全新MRA Citylink开发区的东侧，项目目的是建立诺斯布里奇与珀斯CBD及其天鹅湖之间的联系。Yagan广场是重要的市民活动空间和表演场地，同时也是植物保护区、新鲜蔬果市场、公共艺术展览点、水道游乐场所、数字动画展馆，以及传统文化/游客信息中心。

The Project
Yagan Square is a project of local and state significance for the city of Perth and Western Australia, located at the east end of the new MRA Citylink development which seeks to physically reconnect Northbridge with the Perth’s CBD (and the Swan River). Yagan Square is a major civic space and performance venue, a flora reserve, a fresh food market, public realm art destination, a watercourse play-scape, a digital animation venue and an indigenous education/visitor information centre.

该项目清晰的表达关于Yagan广场的城市背景的文化理念，它是收敛思想的代表：地质、生态、道路、文化、当地传统居民、非当地居民等等。会面场所、数字塔楼、市场、游乐场所、景观艺术等要素在项目中得到了充分地运用，强调了布里奇沃特和城市周边地区的联系。

The design develops a clear cultural idea about the place of Yagan Square within the city and country, and is representative of the idea of convergence: of geologies, ecologies, tracks, narratives, of indigenous and non-indigenous people. The design elements of the meeting place, the digital tower, marketplace, playground, landscape ecologies and art are arranged to repair and amplify connections to the adjacent areas of the city and Northbridge.

场地

该建筑属于城市项目，但却有着特殊的当地背景，其循环重复的形式在城市中形成了概念与实体的空白，那么建筑和城市景观该如何弥补这些冲突与空白？如果城市的生态文化同自然环境一样遭到破坏，那么诸如这样的公共项目是否能够对其起到修复作用？

Site
The project is also, of course, the ongoing ‘project’ of the city – but in very specific local terms – where the continual cycle of formation and erasure creates conceptual and physical gaps and scars in the city.  How can architecture and urban landscape fill in these gaps, repair the scars? And if cities are as much a living cultural ecology as a damaged natural one, can a publicly funded project such as this repair both ecologies in a city like Perth?

在这样的项目理念中，就城市而言，项目场地是它本身的边界，也是其物理边界和环境边界，同时也是一种活生生的历史和文化遗址。 而这些信息则需要通过设计来一一表述。

一方面，项目场地表达了许多与城市及轨道交通相关的故事，其轨道交通途径Horseshoe桥，它是将项目场地与人们之间、河流与湖泊之间、城市与文化之间分隔的表现。而另一方面，场地是Noongar民族的Whadjuk人的代表，该民族曾经占领这片土地长达40000年之久，而这些要素都与Yagan广场相结合，用于纪念1833年被执行死刑的当地士兵。

Within such an idea of ‘the project’, the ‘site’ is both the unbounded city itself, the physical boundaries and context of the subject site, as well as a site of living history and culture, a kind of story. And this story needs revealing, needs a telling, through the design.
On the one hand the site tells a familiar story of urbanism, of the city rail yards, the tracks held in the grip of the historic Horseshoe Bridge – which stands as a physical embodiment of the disconnection developed between the land and the people, the river and its lakes, the city and its cultural institutions. On the other hand the site is the place of disrupted but unbroken stories of the Whadjuk people of the Noongar nation (the traditional owners that have occupied this land for over 40,000 years), brought into Yagan Square, in memory of an aboriginal warrior executed in 1833.

地区背景

文化与场地不可分割，Yagan广场因此集合了多种要素，其中有零碎的体量、Noongar人民所运用的14种语言、聚集场所、地面、交通轨道、水景、植物、巢穴，以及城市的6个季节。

在英国定居后，人们对这些土地进行了勘测，湖泊排水和测量工作持续进行着，因此形成了与地形线相反的流线。

Context
Culture and the land are inseparable in aboriginal society; the broken body of Yagan, the fourteen languages spoken by the Noongar people, the gathering places, the ground, the tracks, the water, the reeds, the nests, and the six seasons of country.
Following English settlement, the land was surveyed, the lakes drained and surveyors grid imposed, forcing passage by foot along anti-topographical lines.

建造于17世纪末的城市铁路交通系统将其内陆地区和印度洋连接起来，并且将CBD从城市北部郊区隔离开。Horseshoe桥于1904年开放通车，是中央车站一公里之内的唯一交叉口。

图书馆、艺术馆、剧场、博物馆也位于铁路交通所隔离的一面，这些公共设施与城市居民因此而分隔，让城市文化机构远离市民。因此该项目便具有城市文化的修复作用。

Established in the late 1800’s the rail corridor running inland to the Indian Ocean dismembered the CBD from the northern suburbs. The Horseshoe Bridge, opened for traffic in 1904, offered the only crossing within a kilometre either side of the Central Station.  
The Library, Art Gallery, Theatre and Museum are also on the ‘wrong side of the tracks’, isolated from the city’s inhabitants, further reinforcing the inaccessibility of the city’s cultural institutions. The project becomes an idea of both cultural repair and urban repair.

创意性设计方式

建筑师专为Noongar社区构思了独特的策略，用于修复其城市文化。经过Whadjuk工作坊，该社区通过公众互动、公共艺术合作、文化项目、就业机会来促进发展。这些互动是对共同语言的探索与追求，这能够在Noongar文化伟大的地方故事线和非当地人民对于场所意义不同理解之间寻求平衡。

这种以故事和象征为基础的策略是Yagan广场项目成功的关键因素，其中包含有Yagan和骄傲的当地妇女Balbuk，在以往的日子里，他们并没有受到尊重地对待，他们有着卓越的政治领导能力，这些都包含在该项目的方案设计之中。当这些冲突存在时，建筑师并没有将它们隐藏，而是大胆地表达出来，并且以创造性的方式将其转变为场所意识。

Creative Design Engagement
A distinctive strategy for engagement with the Noongar community was developed as an idea of cross cultural repair. Through the Whadjuk Working Group, the community represented its interests through public interpretation, public art collaborations, on-going cultural programming and employment opportunities. Integral to this relationship was the brokering of a common language able to mediate between the great place-making story lines of Noongar culture and their counterparts in non-Aboriginal understandings of sense of place.
The success of this story-based and symbol-based approach is illustrated in the way the key Noongar figures for Yagan Square -Yagan and proud aboriginal woman Balbuk - both shamefully treated in their own day - are acknowledged and the legacy of their political leadership respectfully and powerfully embodied in the choreography of Yagan Square. Repair is generative when the scars are acknowledged, not glossed over; in the wake of recognition pain can turn towards the creative reclamation of place.

生态修复

该项目属于城市生态修复类型，其中包括实体修复和文化修复。

广场通过当地开采的岩石建造，通过分层、侵蚀、挖掘、折叠等方式让其成为一座永久性建筑，同时也是城市的一部分，也代表了场所的新旧对比。

该项目通过以Yagan广场为核心的系列交通轨道聚集而成，并且通过全新的地质区域，在平面与剖面中，以“破碎”的方式寻求统一。

Repairing Ecologies
The project is a type of urban ecological repair, both physical and cultural.
The square is hewn from local rock and crafted from mined metals – stratified, eroded, excavated and folded to make a lasting architecture of place, a part of the country and a part of the city, at once old and new.
The project is formed through a convergence of tracks at the heart of Yagan Square, traversing this new geology to negotiate the ‘split’ of the city, both in plan and section.

铁轨穿过广场景观，鼓励游客与市民安全地进入场地。人们的行为将自发地形成聚集场所，它类似场所之间的一片空地，专为城市社交而保留，也运用于文化的交流。古旧的石材形成圆形剧院，环绕舞台区域而形成，主要用作当地的庆典活动。

殖民时期交通轨道将布里奇沃特与CBD以及来自天鹅湖的人群分隔开，这是其一直以来的存在方式，但现在，它将沿着穿过Yagan广场的道路一直通向未来。

Yagan广场虽然并不能完全修复已经受损的生态环境，但它仍然形成了景观之间的联系，并且也对生态价值以及城市的景观发展做出一定的贡献。

The tracks, traversing through the new landscape of the Square, provide an invitation to enter and encouragement to pass through safely. A meeting place is formed at their convergence, an unprogrammed space, resembling a clearing in the red earth, designed for city-scale sociability, open to performative cultural exchange. Worn stone contours step down to form an amphitheatre, gathering around a staging area and fire pit for Noongar ceremonies.
The memory of the colonial rail yards, which for so long separated Northbridge from the CBD and the people from Swan River, recedes with each new passage through Yagan Square along the tracks to future destinations.
Finally, Yagan Square cannot fully repair the ecological degradation that has occurred but it seeks to create landscape connections; moments of ecological value that contribute a larger story, to connect the city with its prior landscape.  

西澳的植物以及一系列的自然设施将会提升当地的生物多样性，这些设施包括野生花园、垂直绿化、树丛、小型水道。它们都为鸟类、蜜蜂、昆虫等生物提供舒适的栖息场所。

水道为人们带来了欢乐，并且潺潺水流能够有效地减少夏天的酷暑。而位于聚集场所上方的水景为Yagan广场带来了斑驳有趣的光影关系。

Western Australian tree species, grown from local provenance seed, will increase ecological diversity within the city’s urban forest, together with a range of environments, from native wildflower gardens, to an elevated forest, a tree grove, and a small constructed watercourse.  Each of these provide habitat to birds, bees and insects.
The watercourse adds delight and play, and the combination of flowing water along the edge of the walking tracks attenuate the severe heat of Perth. The shimmering ‘lakes’, which float above the meeting place, provide dappled shade within the heart of Yagan Square.


建筑设计：ASPECT工作室 , Lyons建筑事务所 , iredale pedersen hook建筑事务所
地点：澳大利亚，Perth WA
项目/设计建筑师：Lyons Architects与 iredale pedersen hook architects
面积：3650.0 m2
项目时间：2017年
摄影：Peter Bennetts
施工方：Doric Constructions
景观设计：ASPECT 工作室
服务工程：WSP 集团
结构、土木工程、立面工程：Aurecon
遗产保护顾问：Griffiths Architects
灯光设计：Ramus Illumination
厨房设计：Maddison 建筑事务所
水景设计：Waterform International
客户：Metropolitan Redevelopment Authority

Architects: ASPECT Studios, Lyons Architects, iredale pedersen hook architects
Location: Perth WA, Australia
Project / Design Architect: Lyons Architects in collaboration with iredale pedersen hook architects
Area: 3650.0 m2
Project Year: 2017
Photographs: Peter Bennetts
Builder: Doric Constructions
Landscape Architect: ASPECT Studios
Services Engineers: WSP Group
Structure, Civil and Façade Engineers: Aurecon
Heritage Consultant: Griffiths Architects
Lighting Designer: Ramus Illumination
Kitchen Architects: Maddison Architects
Waterfeature Design: Waterform International
Client: Metropolitan Redevelopment Authority