墨西哥滨海住宅
Mexican coastal house by CDM circles tropical courtyard

由专筑网李韧，蒋晖编译

该项目位于墨西哥Colima，石灰石的框架环绕着中央的热带庭院，CDM建筑设计事务所的设计让该项目的使用者能够感受到轻松的假期氛围。

这座住宅位于墨西哥西海岸Colima的Tecoman城市郊区。

A limestone lattice curves around a tropical garden at the centre of this house in Colima, Mexico, which architecture firm CDM has designed to provide its residents with an "unending vacation".
Casa TM is located on the outskirts of Tecoman city in Colima – a small state on Mexico's west coast.



项目所处的场地曾经是一片面积为11670平方米的棕榈林，项目的使用者是一个四口之家，建筑师将项目的设计融入了周边的环境之中。

事务所的项目描述中说：“项目的前提是结合各式各样的自然环境，而这些设计灵感则来源于墨西哥太平洋的热带气候特征。在这座住宅之中，使用者能够感受到无尽的假期氛围。”

CDM designed the residence for a 11,670-square-metre former palm grove that was cleared for the build. The aim was to provide a relaxing retreat for a family of four, while taking into consideration the surrounding environment.
"The premise of the project was to integrate the diverse phenomenologies inspired by the tropical paradise of the Mexican Pacific, in order to create a residence that constantly refers to unending vacation," said the studio in a project description.



项目所处地区的热带气候是建筑师设计的主要入手点。这里的温差较大，从25摄氏度到50摄氏度，则湿度几乎在75%以上。

因此，建筑师将这座住宅分成几个体块，并且中间设置开放式的空间，这让自然风可以贯穿整个建筑。这种自然化的通风设计方式在墨西哥热带地区的运用较为广泛。

The area's tropical climate was "a major concern" for the architecture firm. Temperatures range from 25 to 50 degrees celsius, while humidity levels rarely drop below 75 per cent.
In response, CDM fragmented the residence into blocks with a series of open spaces left between. This allow wind tunnels to carry air through freely, from the swimming pool at the front, to the garden at the rear. This type of natural cooling system is commonly used in Mexico's tropical regions.





建筑师说：“墨西哥住宅的内外空间概念较为模糊，使用者喜欢露台、天井、花园等开放性的空间，这样才能形成具有自然通风与采光的住宅，因此该项目也不例外。”

建筑的主要户外区域环绕着建筑中央庭院，工人们在这里种植了许多当地的植物。

"Mexican homes usually rejoice on the concept of blurring the limits between the inside and the outside, favouring patios, gardens, terraces, and open spaces in order to create a natural flow to, from, and throughout the home," said the firm. "This case could not be the exception."
The main outdoor area is a round courtyard at the centre of the house, which CDM filled with native vegetation and palm trees.



建筑师说：“我们希望院落有着原始而自然的感觉，就好像建筑是悄无声息地来到了场地之中，这里仍然有蓬勃生长的棕榈树。”

建筑的立面上设置了滑动木门，使用者可以从这里去往庭院。环绕着室外区域的每个体量都有着不同的功能。例如家庭活动房和厨房之间则隔着一条狭窄的通道，这里设置有客卧、健身房，以及两间卧室。

"We almost wanted that patio to feel like a chunk of the surrounding jungle had been taken from its original place and relocated in the inside of this home, with its palm trees reaching to the sky," the studio said.
The blocks circling the yard have sliding wooden doors that provide access to the patio. Each volume around the outdoor area hosts a different function, including the family room and the kitchen – which are separated by a narrow passage – the guest room, a gym and two bedrooms.





在建筑的一侧还放置有游戏室、主卧、套房、起居室，以及餐厅，而这些空间之间都结合了户外区域。

建筑师通过内向型的布局方式来提升住宅的安全性。建筑前侧有着低矮的墙体，遮挡了来自街道的视线。

Additional wings for the games room, the master bedroom and ensuite, and a second living room and dining room, are arranged on the outskirts. Even more outdoor spaces are slotted in between.
The firm intended the inward-facing layout to boost the security of the one-storey residence. A low-lying wall runs along the front so that it remains unnoticeable from the street.



施工的另一个挑战便是建设项目的场地——这里在暴雨天气下很容易积水。因此，建筑师通过石材与混凝土平台将建筑抬高了3.5英尺（0.9米），并且在周边种植植物。

这座住宅使用了传统的技术与材料，由当地的工人建造而成，建筑独特之处在于其白色砖石和渲染的墙体。

Another challenge during construction was the site's flat topography, which is prone to flooding during heavy rainfall. In response, CDM raised the building three feet (0.9 metres) on a stone and concrete platform, with the surrounding vegetation planted at ground level to act as a buffer.
Local craftsmen were enlisted to work with traditional materials and techniques for the residence, which features a mix of white-painted brickwork and rendered walls.



建筑部分为平屋顶，部分为坡屋顶，覆盖着干燥的棕榈树叶，这样能够减少太阳热量的吸收，从而降低建筑的能耗。

建筑师说：“针对场地的特殊情况，我们使用了混凝土结构的屋顶，在其下方应用了聚苯乙烯嵌段，有效地隔绝了过热的太阳照射。因此这就形成了舒适宽敞的内部空间，但是同样与外部造型和场地特征密切相关。”

Some of the roofs are flat, while others are topped with palapas – traditional gabled structures, covered in dried palm tree leaves to reduce solar absorption and overheating.
"For this particular case we used a concrete roof structure lightened with expanded polystyrene blocks below the palapa to efficiently insulate the interior," said CDM. "This resulted in ample, comfortable interior spaces with an exterior aesthetic profoundly related to its context."









其他的传统材质还包括沿着庭院一侧建造的石灰石体块墙，这将后方的车库和住宅主体分隔开，但是又不影响建筑的自然通风。石灰石的材质同样用在泳池前侧的平台之中。

在室内建筑师同样运用了简约材质的面板，其中包括白色墙体、木制家具，以及哑光纺织品。

Other local materials include a limestone partition that runs along one side of the patio. It screens the garage behind, while still letting the breeze through. Limestone also forms the deck around the pool that extends at the front.
A simple material palette continues inside the residence, including pale walls, wooden furniture and muted textiles.





CDM建筑事务所位于墨西哥哈利斯科州的首府瓜达拉哈拉市，该事务所近期在墨西哥沿岸设计了另一座住宅，项目包含有一座小木屋和位于岩石山坡旁侧的游泳池。

图片来源：Rory Gardiner、 Lorena Darquea

CDM, which stands for Casa de Mexico, is based in the Mexican city of Zapopan, near to Guadalajara. The firm recently completed another property on the Mexican coastline, comprising a cabana and swimming pool nestled into a rocky hillside.
Photography is by Rory Gardiner and Lorena Darquea.

















项目信息：
项目团队：Javier Dueñas, Jaime de Obeso, Delfino Lozano, Alan Macías, Daniel Villalba, Manuel Manzano, Gloria López, Rodrigo Carreón, Elizabeth Fernández
室内设计：MUMO, Karla Vázquez
景观设计：Juan Carlos Pérez Trejo
灯光设计：Artenluz, Javier Ten

Project credits:
Project team: Javier Dueñas, Jaime de Obeso, Delfino Lozano, Alan Macías, Daniel Villalba, Manuel Manzano, Gloria López, Rodrigo Carreón, Elizabeth Fernández
Interior design: MUMO, Karla Vázquez
Landscape: Juan Carlos Pérez Trejo
Lighting: Artenluz, Javier Ten