Superbowl City: A Guide to Atlanta's Architectural Gems
由专筑网苏一，李韧编译
亚特兰大如今是2019年“超级碗”的中心舞台，小编们总结了其中的建筑瑰宝。这座城市是当今小型和创新实践的热点，当谈及美国的现代主义和后现代主义作品时，亚特兰大总占有一定的分量。接下来一起欣赏这座城市的有趣项目。
As Atlanta takes center-stage today for the 2019 Superbowl, we've compiled a list of some of the Southern City's architectural gems. The city, a hotspot for small and innovative practices today, punches well above its weight when it comes to modernist and post-modernist works in the US. Some of the city's most intriguing projects, after the break.
Image via HOK
梅赛德斯 - 奔驰体育场 / HOK
2019年“超级碗”的场地令人印象深刻，不仅因为其可伸缩屋顶，还因为环保特性。由于先进的雨水管理系统、节水设施和保护基础设施，该体育场的用水量比基准标准低47％。园林绿化和城市园林促进了当地的食品生产和烹饪行业的发展。
Mercedes-Benz Stadium Atlanta / HOK
The site of the 2019 Superbowl is impressive not just for its retractable roof, but for its environmental credentials. The stadium uses 47 percent less water than baseline standards due to its highly advanced stormwater management system, water-efficient fixtures, and conservation infrastructure. Edible landscaping and an urban garden promote local food production and culinary industry jobs.
Image via Docomomo
亚特兰大中央图书馆 / Marcel Breuer
像Breuer在美国的许多项目一样，亚特兰大中央图书馆的命途有些多舛。这个野兽派项目计划于2016年拆除，维修失误导致建筑的部分损坏甚至倒塌。在当地和国家环保主义者的努力下，该建筑物目前正在进行大规模整修，这将使图书馆关闭至2020年。
Atlanta Central Library / Marcel Breuer
Like so many of the Breuer's projects in the US, the fate of the Atlanta Central Library's was, for many years, a bit murky. The brutalist project was slated for demolition in 2016; lapses in maintenance had led to the deterioration and even collapse of portions of the building. The building was saved from this fate after efforts by local and national conservationists but is currently undergoing significant renovations that will keep the library closed until 2020.
© Mark Herboth
国家公民和人权中心 / HOK + The Freelon Group（现隶属Perkins + Will事务所）
国家公民和人权中心承担了一项重量级挑战，即通过建筑形式代表民权运动的动荡活动。这座建筑充满了情感，拒绝了许多博物馆的干净客观策略，支持游客的体验。该建筑在2014年完工，在此之前，美国也拥有一些与民权相关的项目，例如由Adjaye Associates事务所设计的华盛顿非裔美国历史文化博物馆，以及MASS Design Group设计的蒙哥马利Lynching纪念馆，另外还有位于新奥尔良的Paper纪念碑。
National Center for Civil and Human Rights / HOK + The Freelon Group (Now part of Perkins+Will)
The National Center for Civil and Human Rights takes on a weight challenge: representing the turbulent (and often violent) activism of the Civil Rights Movement through built form. The building is full of emotion, rejecting the drily objective approach of many museums in favor of an experience that remains with the visitor. The building, completed in 2014, preceded a spate of civil rights-related projects in the US, including Adjaye Associates' National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington DC, MASS Design Group's Lynching Memorial in Montgomery AL, and the efforts of Paper Monuments in New Orleans, LA.
Flickr user airbus777
凯悦酒店 / John Portman
John Portman在2017年离职，但他的言论对美国建筑影响至今仍然存在。他因推广高层办公楼和酒店多层内部中庭而受到广泛赞誉。也许没有哪个项目能比其家乡亚特兰大的Hyatt Regency更能代表他的想法。自那以后，亚特兰大酒店的内部空间被全球无数酒店所模仿。
Hyatt Regency / John Portman
John Portman sadly passed in 2017, but his legacy and impact on American architecture remain to this day. He is widely credited with popularizing the development of high-rise offices and hotels with multi-story interior atria. Perhaps no project better represents his approach than the Hyatt Regency in Atlanta, Portman's hometown. The soaring interior space of the Atlanta hotel has been repeated in countless hotels worldwide since.
高级艺术博物馆 / 理查德·迈耶+伦佐·皮亚诺
理查德·迈耶的高级艺术博物馆名声似乎不太好。这座雕塑建筑因“拥有更多的想法但缺乏审美”而受到批评，项目面积135,000平方英尺（约12541平方米），仅有52,000平方英尺（约4830平方米）可用于展览。 2005年，意大利建筑师伦佐·皮亚诺为该建筑群增加了三个新结构，使博物馆的面积增加了三倍。
High Museum of Art / Richard Meier with Renzo Piano expansion
Richard Meier's High Museum of Art is easily recognizable as a work of the most notorious members of the 'New York Five.' The sculptural building has been criticized for having "more brains than beauty": of 135,000 square feet of space, only 52,000 square feet can be used for exhibition. Completed in 1983, the museum was the last work completed by Meier before his Pritzker win in 1984. In 2005, Italian architect Renzo Piano added three new structures to the complex, effectively tripling the size of the museum.
Image © Flickr user Wally Gobetz
Noguchi游乐场/ Isamu Noguchi
1976年，日本雕塑家兼设计师Isamu Noguchi将目光投向了游乐场，完成了他在Piedmont公园的著名游乐场。游乐设备明亮的几何形状在时间的流逝下显得有些陈旧，但当地保护组织承诺将游乐场恢复到昔日的热闹。
Noguchi Playscape at Piedmont Park/ Isamu Noguchi
The Japanese sculptor and designer Isamu Noguchi turned his eye to playgrounds in 1976, completing his famed playscape at Piedmont Park. The brightly-hued geometries of the play equipment have suffered the ravages of time, but the efforts of a local conservation group promise to return the playscape to its former ebullient glory.
via Wikimedia
Cannon教堂 / 保罗·鲁道夫
埃默里大学的保罗·鲁道夫设计的Cannon教堂不仅仅是现代主义的大师作品，而且也是非常个人化的项目。鲁道夫是坎德勒神学院的第一批毕业生，这个项目非常吸引人。该建筑于1981年建成，自那时起成为了埃默里校园生活的一部分。
Cannon Chapel / Paul Rudolph
Paul Rudolph's Cannon Chapel at Emory University was not just a masterclass in modernist design, but a deeply personal project. Rudolph was the son of one of the Candler School of Theology's first graduates; the project was deeply heartfelt and meaningful. The building was consecrated in 1981 and has been a fixture of Emory campus life since then.
image via Wikimedia
191 Peachtree塔楼 / 菲利普·约翰逊
菲利普·约翰逊的亚特兰大大厦于1990年完工，多年来一直是城里最令人向往的商业圣地。90年代后期潮汐的改变使得建筑不再使用，但是这座塔楼在如今仍然人满为患。它的顶部是建筑皇冠，是南部城市后现代主义的典范。
191 Peachtree Tower / Philip Johnson
Completed in 1990, Johnson's Atlanta tower was for years the most desirable business address in the city. Changing tides in the late 90s left large portions of the tower empty; the tower is today nearly full. Topped by an architectural crown, the building is an excellent example of postmodernism in the southern city.
联合剧院改造 / Trahan Architects
Trahan Architects事务所改造的联合剧院通过增加连接和起伏的木制格栅，模糊了典型的剧院层级。座椅通过层叠的楼梯和露台相连，让观众更接近舞台。
Alliance Theatre Renovation / Trahan Architects
Trahan's renovation of the Alliance Theatre blurs the typical hierarchical level distinction of theatres through the addition of a connecting and undulating wooden form. Seats are linked by cascading staircases and terraces that place the audience closer to the stage.
Image © Shawn Brasfield
学院足球名人堂 / Tvsdesign
学院足球名人堂于2014年竣工，不仅包括展览和活动空间，还包括室内足球场。仔细观察展品，你甚至可能会认出某些球员的名字。
College Football Hall of Fame / Tvsdesign
We'd be remiss not to mention the College Football Hall of Fame. The building, completed in 2014, includes not just exhibition and event space but also a 45-yard interior football field. Look carefully at the exhibits and you may even recognize the names of some of the players on the field today.
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