奥斯陆Nedre Foss公园
Nedre Foss Park

由专筑网王雪纯，李韧编译

来自Norconsult工作室的描述。Nedre Foss位于挪威首都奥斯陆密集的城市环境中，在2008年，这里还只是一个遗留空间。但这个被遗忘的工业遗迹周边是奥斯陆城市最重要、最具创意和活力的社区。市政府在看到这个空间的发展潜力之后发起了一场竞赛，以挖掘这颗待开发的宝石。Norconsult工作室在2008年凭借“Flow”概念赢得了比赛。

Norconsult: Nedre Foss was in 2008 a left-over space, located in the dense urban context of Oslo. Surrounding this forgotten industrial space were some of Oslo`s most vital, creative and vibrant urban districts. Seeing the incredible potential of the space prompted the municipality to launch a competition to revitalize this hidden gem. Norconsult won the competition in 2008 with the concept “Flow”.





过去和现在

在20世纪80年代之前，该地区主要是工业用地，和Aker河共同成为生产和发展的中心。

虽然该地区经历了后工业重建，但Nedre Foss仍然是一个遗留的地块，与周围的空间隔断，阻碍了交通。

History and Present Day
Prior to 1980s, the area was largely industrial, with the Aker River being the center of production and development.
Although the area has since gone through an extensive post-industrial redevelopment, the site at Nedre Foss remained a left-over plot, disconnecting surrounding spaces and hindering the flow of pedestrians.





“Flow”概念的重点是打造一座城市公园，使用蓝色和绿色结构为人们提供舒适和休闲的步道，同时还提供游戏场地、休闲场所和与城市自然联系的空间。该空间可作为城市步道，为人们创造独特的体验，并在整个设计中巧妙地呼应历史。

The concept “Flow” focuses on creating a city park that uses blue / green structures to create sensible and recreational pathways, while also providing a space for play, leisure and connection to the urban nature. The space serves as a walkable connection and possesses an identity that thoroughly contributes to the user’s unique experience, and subtly echoes its history throughout the design.







就功能和目的而言，Nedre Foss公园的改造旨在加强城市内部与水系的联系。为了实现这一目标，工作室确定了四个主要策略：
1. 首先，保留原场地植被。通过保护珍贵的树木和绿化来实现这一目标，同时去除阻挡视线的植被。
2. 其次，建立城市和自然的联系。强调沿河区域的自然属性，同时促进城市空间与自然河景之间的关系。
3. 第三，将整个公园内的人群流线和活动流线区分，从而使得不同人群能以不同的方式在整个公园内进行互动和游览。
4. 综上，这些设计策略共同赋予了场地积极的特征，人们在自然绿色区域行走观赏，在开放的城市公园区域休憩停留，以及在河道边体验更加亲密的自然接触。

As far as functionality and purpose are concerned, the transformation of Nedre Foss Park is meant to strengthen the connection of the various districts within the city and to the river. To meet this goal, we identified four main strategies:
1. Firstly, open the existing vegetation. We did this by preserving valuable trees and greenery, while also removing vegetation that blocked important sightlines.
2. Secondly, establish urban and nature connections. In doing so, we cultivated the natural qualities along the river and, at the same time, facilitated better relationships between the urban space and the natural riverscape.
3. Thirdly, we differentiated between the litany of movement patterns throughout the park and thus accounted for various ways users could interact and move throughout the park.
4. As a result, these initiatives created a myriad of positive characteristics: a natural and efficient flow throughout the green areas, pause-and-stay in the open urban park areas, and pause-and-stay along the river in a more intimate space that creates the necessary foundation for an environmental experience.



设计理念

不同人群有不同的生活节奏，有些人缓慢放松，有些人则匆忙紧凑。设计师考虑到了这一事实，并尊重该地区的物理对比，以及公园面向群体之间的差异。整个景观设计坚实而粗犷，反映出都市风格，同时又引用了河景，有着灵活柔和的水流曲线。

Design Philosophy
People live and move at various tempos, some slow and pensively, others quick and without restriction. The park design takes this reality into consideration and supports the physical contrasts in the area, along with the differences between the groups of people using it. The design is hard and rough, reflecting the urbanity, while at the same time flexible, with soft and liquid-like lines that reference the riverscape.



蓝色设计

无论是在使用和处理方式上，水都是公园主题的重要组成部分。例如，Aker河环绕着公园并蜿蜒着穿过场地，就像静脉遍布人体，将血液带到人们身体的各个器官一样。同样，Nedre Foss公园将奥斯陆人民与城市和Aker河的其他休闲城市空间连接起来。公园内存在一些向下的河流，而在游乐区域周围，则安置有磨轮和其他机制，以此利用水流。在河边，设置鱼梯帮助鱼穿过陡峭的瀑布。公园内部还拥有可收集雨水的花园。

Design Through Blue Structures
Water is an important component in the theme of the park – both in the way it is used and treated. For example, the Aker River surrounds the park and winds through it, like veins through the human body, bringing blood to the various organs of our physical being. Similarly, Nedre Foss Park connects the people of Oslo to both the other recreational urban spaces in the city and the Aker River. In certain places of the park, there are steps down to the river, while around the playscapes, the flow of the river rotates a mill wheel and the other mechanisms. By the river bank, there are fish ladders to help the fish cross the steep waterfall. Throughout the rest of the park, rain gardens are arranged to collect storm water.















项目信息：
工作室名称：Norconsult
其他参与景观设计的设计师（建筑师和景观设计师）：Kjetil Espedal, Line Beate Løvlien, Sigrid Urnes, Hilda Øfthus, Jardar Valand
项目地点：挪威，奥斯陆
设计年份：2008年
建成年份：2018年
图片来源：Even Bakken, Hilda Øfthus, Line Beate Løvlien, Tomasz Majewski, Kjetil Espedal

Short office name: Norconsult
Other designers involved in the design of landscape (architects and landscape architects): Kjetil Espedal, Line Beate Løvlien, Sigrid Urnes, Hilda Øfthus, Jardar Valand
Project location: Grüneløkka, Oslo, Norway
Design year: 2008
Year Built: 2018
Image Credits: Even Bakken, Hilda Øfthus, Line Beate Løvlien, Tomasz Majewski, Kjetil Espedal