加拿大“最古老的博物馆”
Diamond Schmitt Architects designs Canada's "oldest continuing museum"

由专筑网郑京，小R编译

总部位于多伦多的Diamond Schmitt建筑事务所受邀设计加拿大圣约翰的新不伦瑞克博物馆，这是加拿大历史悠久的博物馆。

这座13.4万平方英尺的建筑由Diamond Schmitt建筑事务所与国际公司EXP共同合作设计，将把目前分散在圣约翰各处博物馆的不同藏品统一整合到一个全新的新古典主义建筑之中。

Toronto-based studio Diamond Schmitt Architects has been selected to design the New Brunswick Museum in Saint John, Canada, which is one of the country's oldest museums.
The 134,000-square-foot building designed by Diamond Schmitt Architects in collaboration with international firm EXP will unite the current disparate collections of the museum, currently spread in different facilities throughout Saint John, into a new facility at the site of the current neoclassical building.


▲ 由Diamond Schmitt建筑事务所和EXP国际公司在加拿大圣约翰设计的新不伦瑞克博物馆
Diamond Schmitt Architects and EXP have designed a museum in Saint John, New Brunswick

新博物馆位于城市北部的一座于1934年开放的新古典主义建筑物内，这座建筑收藏了19世纪初以来城市不同地区的藏品，因此被称为加拿大“最古老的博物馆”。

这座由Diamond Schmitt建筑事务所和EXP国际公司合作的设计作品将创建一个联合建筑结构，在扩大场地的同时，保留建筑东侧面向街道的历史立面和北部作为内墙的立面，以及部分历史建筑的内部结构。

The museum's current primary location is within a neoclassical building on a slip of land north of the city that opened in 1934 – with roots in a collection operating in different parts of the city since the early 19th century, giving it the title of Canada's "oldest continuing museum".
Diamond Schmitt Architect and EXP's design will create a structure, expanding the site while maintaining the historic facade on the eastern, street-facing aspect of the building and the northern face, which will serve as an internal wall. Some of the historic building's interiors may be retained, according to the team.


▲ 博物馆建筑将与旁边的20世纪30年代的新古典主义建筑联接
It will be placed alongside a 1930s neoclassical structure

博物馆的北部和西部位置将建造一座整体立面为垂直窗格的白色建筑，与毗邻的历史建筑相呼应的同时，使整个博物馆建筑在西侧面向水面。

Diamond Schmitt 建筑事务所负责人Donald Schmitt表示这样设计是为了调解城市环境与海滨的关系。他说：“博物馆的原址占据圣约翰的一处有利位置，该处位置的周围环境和视野给了我们诸多灵感，促使我们的设计考虑了新不伦瑞克省丰富的历史遗产和自然景观。”

To its north and west, a structure with a white, monolithic facade broken up by vertical panes of glass will be erected, complimenting the historic structure and completely obscuring it on the water-facing, western side.
According to the studio, the configuration was meant to mediate the urban environment with the waterfront.
"Taking inspiration from the museum's original site – one of the great vantage points in Saint John – our design embraces the rich history of New Brunswick's heritage and natural landscape," said Diamond Schmitt Architects principal Donald Schmitt.


▲ 新建筑将面朝河流
The new build will face the river

建筑拥有双层高的入口空间（工作室称之为“大厅”），其外立面采用玻璃外墙，并于外侧设计金属百叶窗。它将创建一个缓冲区来充当建筑北侧部分和历史建筑之间的“十字路口”，而历史建筑的立面将成为新中庭空间内的一面墙。

这种处理方法在其他历史建筑改造项目中也有所运用，例如建筑工作室Studio Gang最近在美国阿肯色州美术馆的改造项目、建筑师Rafael Viñoly在一个波尔多式建筑的美术馆中打造玻璃中庭的项目以及建筑师Marcel Breuer在美国俄亥俄州克利夫兰的扩建项目。

A double-height entryway – called the great room by the studio – will be clad in glass, fronted by metal louvres
It will create a buffer zone and serve as a "crossroads" between the northern section and the historical structure, the facade of which will be a wall within the new atrium space.
This is a move used in other modern additions to historic structures, such as Studio Gang's recent in-fill at the Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts and Rafael Viñoly's use of a glass atrium to create an interior plaza between a beaux arts structure and a Marcel Breuer addition in Cleveland.


▲ 新建成的博物馆将拥有一个巨大的大厅
It will have a large great room

入口大厅将新的羽翼般的建筑连在一起，并创建一条从停车场到西侧露台的通道。同时它将设有一个夹层走廊，通过半圆形的切口位置连接北侧和西侧的附加二层建筑。

This entry pavilion will connect to the new wings and create a pathway from the parking lot to the terrace on the western side.
It will have a mezzanine walkway that connects the second storeys of the north and west additions with semi-circular cut-outs.


▲ 新建筑将设有画廊、研究实验室和聚会空间。图片：Diamond Schmitt
It will have galleries, research labs and gathering spaces. Rendering by Diamond Schmitt

从效果图可以看出，建筑空间内设有大型木柱和木梁，使用大量木材。

沿着新立面的天窗和垂直玻璃部分将让充足的自然光进入包含画廊、圆形剧场、聚集空间和研究设施在内的新空间。历史建筑侧楼及其地下室将设计为图书馆，作为博物馆藏品的存储空间和行政场所。屋顶的观景区将被设置在入口大厅的顶部。

Diamond Schmitt建筑事务所表示：“待建设完成后，博物馆的研究工作和展览将在一个可持续、脱碳的设施内统一起来，充分支持博物馆保护、研究、解释和展示新不伦瑞克省自然和文化遗产的使命。”

Renderings of the space show massive wooden columns and wooden rafters, and the studio said that the museum is "considering the use of mass timber" in the construction.
Skylights and the sections of vertical glass along the new facade will let in plenty of natural light to the new facilities, most of which is gallery space, but also includes amphitheatres, gathering spaces and research facilities.
The historic wing and its basement will hold a library and serve as storage for the museum's collection and as an administrative place. A rooftop viewing area will be placed on top of the "great room".
"When completed, the museum's research work and exhibitions will be brought together within one sustainable, decarbonized facility that fully supports the museum's mission of preserving, researching, interpreting, and exhibiting the natural and cultural heritage of the Province of New Brunswick," said Diamond Schmitt Architects.


▲ 木材将作为重要材料使用在室内设计中。图片：Diamond Schmitt
Wood details will be used on the interior. Rendering by Diamond Schmitt

该工作室目前正在寻求“零碳认证”，旨在通过隔热、电锅炉和空气源热泵等手段来使建筑“脱碳”。

The studio is currently pursuing a "zero-carbon certification" and aims to "decarbonize" the building through insulation, electric boilers and air source heat pumps.


图片由PLAY-TIME提供，由Diamond Schmitt提供。

The images are by PLAY-TIME, courtesy of Diamond Schmitt.