Refurbishment Of 906 School In Sabadell

由专筑网罗晓茜，杨帆编译

学校位于萨瓦德尔城市中心，是一个由两栋与街道对齐的建筑围合的地块。两个体块创建出一个宽阔的庭院，还有一个位于地下室的体育中心。翻新项目只涉及包含了学前教室和一些室外空间的最古老的建筑(1959年建)。

The school is located in the urban city center of Sabadell, in a corner shaped by two buildings aligned to the street. Both volumes create a wide courtyard with a sports center located in the basement.
The proposal involves only the oldest building (1959) which hosts the pre-school classrooms and few outdoor spaces.

© Adrià Goula

设计的基本策略是发挥原建筑的巨大潜力，以及构建表面和一些有用的空间。主要的翻新改造是一个完整的室内翻新和原有的1200平方米的建筑添加的一个240平方米的小空间，给予建筑一个新的南立面。设计还包括两个新的游乐场：一个在建筑屋顶上，而另一个位于体育中心入口的屋顶之上。最后是给街道的主要通道添加一个新的门廊。

The essential strategy consists on taking advantage of the huge potential of the original building, both the constructed surfaces as well as the useful spaces.
The main interventions are a complete indoor refurbishment and a small extension of 240m2 added to the previous 1200 m2 giving a new south facade. The design also includes two new playgrounds: one on top of the building and another one on the roof of the sports center entrance. Finally, a new porch is added to the street main access.

© Adrià Goula

原来的建筑没有遗产价值，但它作为现有基础设施材料具有一定的物质价值。它还有一个双面的情感意义。它的“魅力”与学校建筑最古老的的一部分相匹配，而建筑的“氛围”是由于铜绿在时间流逝下的表现所营造(下陷的砌体墙，隐蔽的陶瓷拱顶和混凝土梁的天花板等等)。

The original building has no heritage value, but it does have certain material value as existing infrastructure. It also has a two sided sentimental meaning. It’s ‘charisma’ linked to the oldest part of the school building, and the ‘atmosphere’ due to the passing time patina has given to the material (masonry walls with sunken joints, hidden ceilings of ceramic vaults and concrete beams, etc.)

© Adrià Goula

Lower Floor Plan/底层平面图

让我们感兴趣的是将原始材料作为一种有灵魂的建筑元素。室内和原来的街道立面翻新改造的主要目的是加强新旧建筑之间的紧张关系。

We are interested in the original material as a constructive element with soul. The principal aim of the intervention, both in the interior and the original street facade, is potentiating the relationship and tension between the old and the new parts.

© Adrià Goula

这个项目是最昂贵的翻新改造，这本来在竞赛规则(2.009)是不希望被看到的，但这也是让我们赢得竞赛的原因，是建筑的拓展使得现有沿街的的教室缺乏合理的面积。矛盾的是扩展出现在室内的立面，很显然建筑不可能从155米延长到18 5米深。

The project’s most costly intervention, which was not expected on the competition rules (2.009), but that let us win, is the extension of the building justified by the lack of surface of the existing classrooms located on the street side of the building. Paradoxically the extension appears in the interior facade –obviously, it is not possible to extend the building to the street- going from 15,5 meters to 18,5 meters deep.

© Adrià Goula

Section Before/After/剖面图/前/后

在一楼，扩展保留了在原地现有的走廊，而幼儿园教室扩展到院子边，从35平方米拓展到到50平方米。另一方面，在第一和第二层楼，走廊移动至中央承重墙对面，这样所有临街的的教室可以进行扩展。这种变化给这个地方带来一个最强大而独特的材料：新的连廊开口穿过一堵30厘米厚的墙，将原来的教室分隔开。

On the ground floor, the extension preserves the existing corridor at its original place, while the pre-school classrooms are extended to the courtyard side increasing from 35 to 50 m2. On the other side, on the first and second floor, the corridor is moved to the opposite side of the central bearing wall so that all the classrooms facing the street can be extended. This change gives place to one of the most powerful and unique material concepts of the proposal: the opening of the new corridor that crosses a 30cm. old wall that originally separated the classrooms.

© Adrià Goula

建筑的扩展是由金属(疟原虫)结构组成的。它是由原本存在的立面的金属支柱支撑，建于70年代一次轻微的扩展，新的支柱位于庭院的边缘，由地下室的挡土墙所支撑。

The extension of the building consists on a metallic (parasite) structure. It is supported by a metal pillar of the pre-existing facade –built in a previous slight extension in the 70’s- and new pillars located at the edge of the courtyard and supported by the retaining wall of the basement floor.

© Adrià Goula

南立面一直有一些日照问题，这也是教室舒适感不足的一个因素。
翻新改造是基于一个由固定金属和穿孔水平板条组成被动的系统，以调节进入室内的阳光。它们只允许20%的日光集中到冬天，同时确保教室有良好的通风。

The south facade has always had several sunlight problems which created an important discomfort in the classrooms over the year.
The proposal is based on a passive system of fixed metal and perforated slat-blinds that regulate the incident sunlight. They only allow the trespassing of the 20% of the annual radiation concentrated during the winter months and at the same time ensure good ventilation to the classrooms.

© Adrià Goula

New Facade/新正面图

它包含在一个80厘米厚的立面,中间是50厘米的气室用于永久通风，充当一个热缓冲以及每个窗户外部的框架，孩子们能够体验种植和学习园艺。
抗金属板条百叶窗足以承担来自学校操场的普通球的冲击。它们由每隔两米的厚道格拉斯松木压条所支撑——一种户外的耐抗树种。他们形成了一个垂直的立面，平衡了立面与其他现存室内立面的构图。

It consists on an 80cm thick facade composed by an intermediate 50cm air chamber permanently ventilated, that acts as a thermal buffer as well as an exterior shelve for every window, where kids can plant and learn gardening.
The metal slat blinds are resistant enough to bear the common ball impacts of school playgrounds. They are supported every two meters by thick Douglas pine wood battens –outdoor resistant tree specie-. They give a vertical facade composition that balances the dominating horizontal composition of the other original interior facades.

© Adrià Goula

北立面的翻新改造（原先是隔离的）——很小但却是必要的。我们保留现有砌筑方式以及现有的立面构成。与室内天花板的拱券一起成为原始建筑的最后痕迹。白色的木制品——既不是美的也不是原始的但保存完好。由于内部功能需求，我们提出了具体的解决方案，提高与原来的外观的对比关系。六个新的窗户提高南立面与其他由暴露的混凝土砌块组成的元素如(楼梯,砖…)的交叉通风。

The intervention in the north facade –previously insulated- is minimal but essential. We preserve the existing masonry work as well as the existing composition of the facade. Together with the interior ceiling vaults they become the last traces of the original building. The white woodwork –neither original nor beauty but well preserved- remains intact. Due to interior functional requirements, we propose specific solutions that raise contrasted relations with the original facade. Six new windows improves the cross ventilation with the south facade, and other elements (stairwell, brick up...) of exposed concrete block.

© Adrià Goula

新的户外空间

一半的南屋顶之前是不可以到达的，现在转换成一个新的户外操场，有着美丽的风景。翻新包含在一个附加的平面，位于完全保留的楼梯和一个钢筋混凝土板上。另一个新的庭院在体育中心楼梯下面，是为小孩子而设的。楼梯上的天窗有250平方米是用金属表皮覆盖的，由现有的梁所支撑。电梯的40平方米的混凝土屋顶——也成为一个基于沙地和看台之上的操场，孩子们可以在这里玩耍。

New outdoor spaces
Half of the south roof -not accessible before- is reconverted to a new exterior playground with beautiful views to the city. The refurbishing consists on an additional flight in the entirely preserved stair and a reinforcement of the concrete slab.
Another new courtyard, for the little kids, appears underneath the sports center staircase. The skylight over the staircase is partially covered -250m2- with metallic sheet composite-slabs supported by the existing beams. The concrete roof of the lift area -40m2- also becomes a playground based on a sandy area and a grandstand for the children.

© Adrià Goula

最后，进入建筑的空间也是经过重新考虑的：一些门是封起来的，而一些新的是经过设计的。主入口的门廊经过扩展，形成一个更高的新空间，以便可以成为一个新的节点。它也像一个枢纽，连接建筑的四个主要部分：中学建筑,中央庭院,地下室的体育中心,幼儿园和小学。

Finally, the access to the building is reconsidered: some of the doors are bricked up and new ones are designed. The porch of the main entrance is enlarged with a higher new one so that it can become a new meeting point. It also behaves as a hinge that connects the four main parts of the building: the secondary school building, the central patio, the sports center of the basement, and the pre-school and primary school.

© Adrià Goula

© Adrià Goula

© Adrià Goula

Section/剖面图

Site Plan/总平面图

First Floor Plan/一层平面图

Second Floor Plan/二层平面图

Roof Plan/屋顶平面图

Elevation/正面图

Elevation Playground/运动场正面图

建筑设计：H Arquitectes
地址：：西班牙，巴塞罗那，萨瓦德尔
建筑设计合伙人：David Lorente, Josep Ricart, Xavier Ros, Roger Tudó
合作者：Blai Cabrero, Carla Piñol, Toni Jiménez

面积：0.0平方米
时间：2015年
摄影：Adrià Goula
团队：BISarquitectes(结构设计、项目阶段)，DSM arquitectura(结构设计、施工阶段，ABAC enginyers(工程)
开发者：Agrupació pedagògica Sant Nicolau

Adrià Goula
Arquitectos: H Arquitectes
Ubicación: Sabadell, Barcelona, España
Partner Architects: David Lorente, Josep Ricart, Xavier Ros, Roger Tudó
Collaborators: Blai Cabrero, Carla Piñol, Toni Jiménez

Area: 0.0 m2
Year: 2015
Photography: Adrià Goula
Team: BISarquitectes (Structural Design, project phase), DSM arquitectura (Structural Design, construction phase), àBAC enginyers (Engineering)
Developer: Agrupació pedagògica Sant Nicolau

出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。