Mills House by Austin Maynard Architects
由专筑网赵泽民，Vigo编译
从建筑师方面概括来说，她是位刚成为母亲的高级主管。对于她和她刚出生的孩子，她希望建造一个的充满阳光的，干净整洁的居住空间。我们为她设计了这样的地板，地板下方是巨大的玩具盒子。
From the architect. In a nutshell
She’s a senior executive and now a new mum. For her and her newborn baby she wanted a light-filled home that could hide the mess. We gave her a floor that was a giant toy-box.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
© Peter Bennetts Studio
该住宅坐落墨尔本的米尔斯住宅在水平挡风板上延长扩充。原有的正立面处和两个房间原有的平台依然保留。其中一个房间改造为书房和浴室。偌大的天井将原有建筑和扩充部分隔开。扩充部分包含两间卧室，一间浴室，开放式厨房，起居，餐饮空间。
Mills is an extension to a one level weatherboard terrace in Melbourne. The original facade and front 2 rooms of the terrace remain. One of those rooms has been altered to incorporate a study and a bathroom. A large lightwell separates the original structure from the new extension. The ex-tension has two bedrooms and a bathroom above an open kitchen, living, dining space.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
米尔希住宅丰富多变，充满新奇想法，然而它的设计有两个核心要素。
1. 地板是巨大的玩具盒子。
2. 后立面就像一个过滤器，柔化后院的阳光。
Mills is a complex home, full of ideas, however there are 2 core elements.
1. The floor is a giant toy box.
2. The rear facade filters and softens the strong sunlight that had previously dominated the back-yard.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
地板也是储藏空间。
每个人都有充足的储藏空间。Terrace的房间大约有6米宽。在布置完墙壁，走廊，楼梯间，热力管，橱柜之后，留下的起居空间非常狭隘。如果没有墙壁上的橱柜，我们能省出将近1米的空间。将储藏空间与地板结合会是怎样呢？地板内的空间若不利用往往会成为老鼠和蜘蛛的栖息地。充分利用这部分地板下的空间，我们的居住空间也会变得宽裕。
The floor is the cupboard.
Everyone wants an abundance of storage. Terrace homes are roughly 6 metres wide. After adding walls, corridors, stairs, heating panels and cupboards we are left with very little width for living space. What if we didn't have wall cupboards? We’d get almost 1 metre of space back into the width of our terraces. What if our storage space was within our floor? Floor space is often left to the mice and spiders. Let’s convert the floor into storage space and make the living area as big as pos-sible without lining the walls with bulky cupboards.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
© Peter Bennetts Studio
除了关注储藏空间的需求之外，我们还关心婴儿每天带来随机变化。设计的极尽周到是关键。重力就像串通孩子一样，满足着孩子们的需求。父母捡起东西的同时，孩子们会把他们又扔在地上。孩子们似乎喜欢把东西扔到地上。我们都见过这样的场景：孩子们坐在高椅上把东西都扔在地上，然后大人们捡起来放在桌子上。这样子三次没有什么，200次的话是人们无法忍受的。重力逗乐了孩子，但困扰了父母。对付这种情况的诀窍是大人们应该在孩子带来的凌乱中巧妙收拾而不是期望孩子们能保持整齐。在米尔斯住宅中，我们使重力对父母有所帮助，设计地板来包容所有的混乱。我们将地板设计成巨大的玩具盒子，这样就不用再去收拾乱扔的玩具。在我们清理干净地面和内部后，它就成了孩子们玩耍的隐藏空间。
Beyond the need for storage we were also concerned with the radical day-to-day changes a new baby brings. The endless management of ‘stuff’ was the key. Gravity is colluding with your child and conspires in its favour. Parents constantly pick things up, whilst kids throw them down. Children seem to love dropping things on the ground. We have all seen the torturous game of a baby sitting in a high chair throwing a toy to the ground the moment it is placed on their table. It’s cute the first three times. It’s a nightmare the next 200 times. While gravity amuses the child, it punishes the par-ent. The trick is to work with the chaos a child brings rather than naively hoping that your child will choose to be neat. At Mills we have made gravity the parents’ ally rather than the child’s by ena-bling the floor to swallow all the mess. Rather than picking toys up to put back in the toy box, we’ve made the floor one big toy box. Let’s get a broom and sweep all the lego in from the top and sides. It becomes a game for the child as well as a new hiding place to play.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
450是具有魔性的数字。
玩具盒子地板450毫米深。一个普通的座椅大约高450毫米。开放的地板不仅是储藏空间，同时这也是适合成年人坐倚的高度。厨房操作台高大约900毫米，操作台高度大约是座椅的两倍。因此操作台在新型地板上的话450毫米高，也就是新地板的高度。当有客人来，或者Louis 想和妈妈一块做饭的时候，我们在座椅下面铺一个软垫，这样就多出来一个座位。另外，庭院花园在室内看来处于新的高度，比室内低450毫米，这样就使人们接触花草更加简单。450这个数字如此具有魔力。
450 is the magic number.
The toy-box floor is 450 millimetres deep. A typical seat is roughly 450 millimetres high. The open floor is not only storage space, it is also play space at a comfortable seat height for adults. A kitch-en bench is roughly 900 millimetres. Therefore a kitchen bench is two seats high. The kitchen sits on the original floor height therefore the bench is 450 millimetres above the new toy-box floor. The kitchen bench is a seat to the new floor. We’ve upholstered a seat under a flap on the kitchen bench so that there can be one extra seat at the dining table when visitors are over, or when Louis wants to cook with Mum. Furthermore, the lightwell garden is at the new floor height, 450 lower than the benchtop, which makes access to the herbs very easy. 450 is the magic number.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
© Peter Bennetts Studio
走廊的存在浪费了空间。
我们喜欢赋予走廊双重功能。米尔斯住宅的厨房占据了原有的走廊空间。因此原来做厨房的大面积空间就可以作为起居空间。楼上的主卧墙面可以完全拆除，使主卧空间正对走廊，房间长度增大将近2米。
Corridors are wasted space.
We like to give corridors dual functions. The kitchen at Mills occupies the original corridor space. Therefore the substantial space the kitchen would have occupied in a typical location has been used as living space. Upstairs the master bedroom wall can slide entirely away so that the room can increase almost 2 metres in length when open to the corridor.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
穿孔金属板。
在米尔斯住宅中，我们运用了穿孔金属板。这样做楼梯这样的狭小空间十分困难。
在承受荷载的问题下，我们仍尝试着将楼梯做成类似花边的东西。穿孔金属板可以使光线从一个平面传到另一个平面，而不需要在同一个空间。人们可以在阳光明媚的楼上与处于楼下的人交流。虽然它是一个具有多种空间的小住宅，但我们运用透明的材料，例如穿孔金属板，实现不同空间的联系。
Perforated metal.
We’ve used perforated metal throughout Mills. Stairs are tricky, especially in tight spaces. We have tried to create a stair that feels light like lace, which is difficult considering the constant live loads a stair is under. Perforated steel sheet is folded allowing light to be shared while also enabling conver-sations from one level to the other, without requiring you to be in the same space. One can lounge by a sunny upstairs window while having a conversation with someone below. Although it is a small home with numerous spaces, we’ve avoided creating isolated cells by using translucent materials like perforated metal.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
我们也采用穿孔金属板来调整阳光。我们都希望家里有充足的阳光，然而过多的阳光同样使室内舒适度降低。米尔斯住宅后立面面向西北方向，因此一天中它最容易受到令人不舒适的西晒。在改造之前，业主也觉得她的房子非常不舒适。我们在其立面上覆盖了白色的穿孔金属板。该立面遮挡了夏天绝大部分不希望得到的采光，而调整的更为舒适。内外之间界限模糊。起居室上的玻璃面丰富了外立面，创造了舒适的室外空间，看起来像是立面表皮中的一部分。立面在炎热的天气中看起来坚固安全。在昏暗的天气，黄昏或者夜晚，外立面显得不再凝重，金属表皮更像是花边而非墙面。
We’ve also employed perforated metal to control sunlight. We all want an abundance of sun in our homes, however too much sunlight makes any home very uncomfortable. The rear facade of Mills faces North-West, therefore it gets hit with the most aggressive sunlight of the day. Before the ren-ovation the owner had felt very uncomfortable at the rear of her house. We’ve draped a white per-forated metal facade down the face of the rear elevation. The facade reflects most of the unwanted sunlight in summer, allowing a soft filtered light to penetrate the house. The lines between inside and outside have been blurred. The glass walls of the living space are offset from the perf facade which creates a comfortable outdoor space that feels as though it is within the skin of the house. The fa-cade feels solid and protective on a bright, hot day. On a dull day, at dusk and in the evening the facade appears far less solid and the metal skin feels more like lace than a wall.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
浴缸
浴室不算太大，因此我们在庭院和屋顶方向开启了更大的窗面。这样就使浴室看起来宽敞明亮。
That bathtub.
The bathroom is not big, therefore we have created very large windows towards the lightwell and towards the original roof. This makes the bathroom seem large, sunny and bright.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
没有人原意清理浴室。在小空间内添加浴缸容易藏污纳垢，杂物集聚。为了避免这样，创造一个易于维持干净的浴室，我们用玻璃纤维来制作浴缸。没有接缝结点。沿着墙面有一个细长的排水道联通浴室和地面。简单，整洁，干净。
No one likes cleaning a bathroom. Adding a bathtub to a small space creates a lot of fiddly details where grime, mess and mold can gather. To avoid the mess, and to create a bathroom that was easy to maintain, we made our own bathtub out of fibreglass. There are no seams or joins. Along the walls a slim, continuous gutter that ensure water runs around the bath and drains through the floor. Simple, neat and clean.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
可持续性。
像所有建筑一样，可持续性也是米斯尔住宅的核心点。尽管场地很小，但我们做到了自然光线和空气布满所有空间。开孔和窗口的设计充分利用了太阳能，因此减少了机械加热和冷却的需求。所有窗户都是双层玻璃。白色屋顶减少了热量向室内传播。通过对阴影和被动通风的充分利用，减少了空调的适用。庭院中央有偌大的水箱。屋顶收集雨水来清理厕所，滋润花园。房间各处都做了保温，甚至在原有建筑的墙面上也有。建筑的材料，配件，尽量从当地购买。微型可变太阳能收集器覆盖了新型屋顶。
Sustainability.
Like all of our buildings, sustainability is at the core of Mills House. Although the site is small we have maximised natural light and air to all spaces. The openings and windows have been designed to optimise passive solar gain, thereby drastically reducing demands on mechanical heating and cooling. All windows are double glazed. White roofs drastically reduce urban heat sink and heat transfer internally. A need for air-conditioning is eliminated through active management of shade, and passive ventilation. A large water tank has been buried central within the lightwell. All roof water is captured and reused to flush toilets and water the garden. High performance insulation is every-where, even in the walls of the original house. Where possible we have sourced local trades, mate-rials and fittings. Solar panels with micro-inverters cover the new roof.
© Peter Bennetts Studio
© Peter Bennetts Studio
© Peter Bennetts Studio
© Peter Bennetts Studio
Elevations/立面图
Section/剖面图
Plans/平面图
Site Plan/总平面图
建筑师: Austin Maynard Architects
地址：澳大利亚墨尔本
设计建筑师：Andrew Maynard
项目工程师：Mark Austin, Natalie Miles
面积： 154平方米
项目完成时间：2015年
摄影师： Peter Bennetts Studio
建造方： Grand Plan Properties
工程方：Hive Engineering
Architects: Austin Maynard Architects
Location: Melbourne VIC, Australia
Design Architect: Andrew Maynard
Project Architects: Mark Austin, Natalie Miles
Area: 154.0 sqm
Project Year： 2015
Photographs: Peter Bennetts Studio
Builder：Grand Plan Properties
Engineer：Hive Engineering
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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