atelier zündel cristea constructs housing complex for elderly residents in paris
由专筑网Ann，刘庆新编译
法国建筑事务所atelier zündel cristea (AZC)完成了法国巴黎的公寓设计，该项目旨在为生活存在一定障碍的体弱的老年人提供住房。建筑既包括独立的公寓单元，也包括公共区域和医疗设备空间，能够为住户和外来的病人提供医疗服务。基地两侧的大楼投下长长的阴影，而旁边角落处大楼的户主不愿意出售土地，因此建筑不得不位于两幢高耸建筑的夹缝之间。建筑的北侧临街面有六层高，南侧逐渐减低至三层。
french architecture practice atelier zündel cristea (AZC) has completed a residential building in paris that provides housing for frail, elderly residents with a variety of disabilities. the structure comprises individual studio apartments, communal areas and medical consultation rooms for residents and out-patients. the complex site is surrounded by tall buildings that cast long shadows, and is bordered on two sides by a corner house whose owner refused to sell the plot. to the north, the building ascends to a total of six storeys, while the south rises to three levels.
基地两侧的大楼投下长长的阴影/the complex site is surrounded by tall buildings that cast long shadows
由于城区的限制和使用功能的需求，促使建筑师思考一种最有效的方式来合理安排2,150平方米的建筑面积。建筑形体在现存两幢建筑的夹缝之间发生改变，由北向南高度逐渐降低，在rue de charenton街道一侧，建筑较高，其体量和高度与周边建筑保持一致，而在屋脊部分进行折叠，随着建筑造型的延伸按照一定比例逐渐跌落。公寓设计了大量的窗户，尽可能多的为室内提供天然照明。
urban restrictions combined with the brief’s requirements led the architects to consider the most efficient means of squeezing in the allocated 2,150 square meters of program. the resulting volume slips between the existing buildings. on the rue de charenton, the generous height allowances and the shape of the site results in spaces of surprising proportions, which fold along the roofline. on the ruelle de la planchette, the upper part of the aligning façade folds in, following the volumes permitted. generously proportioned windows, provide a maximum of daylight and transparency.
建筑北侧高度为六层/to the north, the building ascends to a total of six storeys
休息室围绕着两个露台布置——它们的比例符合建筑规范，同时也满足了照明需求。所有的房间都实现自然采光，也能够相互流通。“在设计和实施的过程中，我们追求朴素与适用，以长远的现实需求为设计依据，考虑到角落处的另一幢大楼，我们也思考了建筑未来扩建的可能性。同时，我们非常关注使用者的居住体验，充分考虑了健康、热学和声学的需求。” AZC表示。
the day-rooms are arranged around two patios — their proportions reconsidered in order to meet building regulations, as well as requirements for natural lighting. all the rooms are naturally lit, as are the circulation spaces. ‘in both the design and its realization, we opted for a building that is sober and adaptable, conceived in terms of real-life usage over the long term,’ explains AZC. ‘we took into account the possibility of future extension in the event of acquiring the corner house. in considering the ensemble of issues with regards to health and thermal and acoustic comfort, we gave great importance to user needs.’
在现有建筑夹缝之间，公寓整体呈由高至低的造型/the built volume slips between the existing structures surrounding the site
大型窗户把公寓空间和城市与周边建筑联系起来/large windows create a relationship between internal space and the city and neighborhood beyond
包括主要露台在内的大面积中央玻璃区域，本身相当于一个“户外活动空间”，在一定程度上为首层空间提供采光。半地下空间是公寓主要的服务区域，容纳了维护、洗衣和员工办公等功能。在建筑中央，三个大型活动室围绕中心天井布置，能够获得自然采光。
large, central glazed areas, including the main patio, which is itself an ‘outdoor room’, help maintain transparency throughout the ground floor. at the semi-basement level are the building’s service areas, for maintenance, laundry and staff. in the central zone, three large activity rooms are organized around the central patio, from which they receive natural daylight.
松木材质的露台/larch wood cladding encloses the patio
使用频率最高的区域如活动室和流动空间优先考虑自然采光条件，而一些使用频次较低的空间——如理疗室和心理咨询空间——利用二层部分采光。建筑各层采用了重复的布局方式，打造出一个高效且丰富的公寓空间。26间居住单元位于建筑上层，露台为住户们提供了交往休闲的场所。弱化走廊的界限，取而代之的是更多开放式的流动空间。
areas where residents would spend the most time, such as the activity rooms and circulation spaces, were calculated in order to prioritize natural light. areas that are used only occasionally — such as physio and psychomotor therapy rooms — are daylit from the sub-basement level. repeating the same configuration of circulation space for each floor of the building, the architects created an efficient means of arranging the various areas. 26 housing units are distributed across the upper floors, while patios provide space for contemplation. corridors have been eliminated in favor of more open circulation routes.
主要露台被视为户外活动区/the main patio has been conceived as an outdoor room
来自事务所的描述。理解一幢建筑必须了解基地的历史，巴黎东南部的232 Rue de Charenton的街道可以追溯到1789年的城市规划史，那是它还是用于耕作的土地。由于巴黎复杂的城市规划法规和地处贝尔西附近的限制，伴随着房地产的扩张，这一项目被延迟了七年才得以实施。公寓位于两座大楼的夹缝之间，处于高楼大片的阴影之中，角落处的大楼业主不愿出售土地，因此项目用地十分狭窄。公寓北侧临街面为六层高，体量中心功能区则三层高。
From the architect.
To understand the project one must understand the history of the site at 232 Rue de Charenton in south-eastern Paris, along the side of which runs a passage that can be found on city plans as far back as 1789, at which time it led to cultivated fields. Fraught with real-estate related tension due to the complex planning laws in Paris and the Bercy neighbourhood, the project took seven years to see the light of day. The site is surrounded by high buildings that cast their shadows, and cramped by a house on the corner whose owner refuses to sell. Nonetheless, the orientation is interesting and planning laws are moving in the right direction. To the north, on the Rue de Charenton, we were able to build to six storeys, to the south, at the heart of the block, up to three storeys.
更加开放的流动空间代替了走廊/corridors have been eliminated in favor of more open circulation routes
由于历史城市环境的关系，公寓项目在建筑高度、宽度和长度上并没有过多的灵活性，在这样的限制条件里，建筑如实的反映着基地的概况：临街面入口狭窄，建筑体量向后延伸，同时高度降低，更加平缓，合理的存在于街区与花园之间的位置，重要的是，公寓的大部分面积在盛夏时分能够享受到充足的光照。
公寓的造型像一把刺刀，条件苛刻的基地促使我们创造出一幢吸引人的建筑。在满足建筑规范的同时，建筑以极具生命力的姿态根植于两幢大楼之间——从实用的角度出发，充分且彻底的利用每一处能够使用的空间。
建筑立面光洁鲜明，按照一定比例分布着近乎方形的大型窗户，最大程度的为室内提供天然照明，这在巴黎是十分奢侈的。
As with all historical urban environments, planning regulations left no flexibility in terms of defining the height, width and length of the building. The resulting volume faithfully transcribes the layers of restrictions: the minimal access from the Rue de Charenton, extending back into the block where it is calm and protected, gives a position between street and garden with, above all, a large part of it in full sun at the height of summer.
Shaped like a bayonet, the site engaged us in an interesting architectural exercise. Following the planning laws, the resulting volume slips like a living thing in between the existing buildings – our pragmatic approach aimed to use every inch of available space.
The smooth external skin faces onto the city. Generously proportioned windows, almost square, provide maximum light and transparency in all the internal spaces, a luxury in Paris.
宽敞的窗户最大程度的提供采光/generously proportioned windows provide a maximum of daylight and transparency
在基地首先映入眼帘的是两侧两幢高耸的大楼，因此，公寓项目的每个具体的细节都经过了精心的考量，以确保新建建筑的合理性以及避免视觉上的冲突。
首先要考虑的一点，是公寓与外部环境的联系。建筑外观和室外开放空间是关乎公寓居住品质的基本因素。大型窗户把公寓空间和城市与周边建筑联系起来；其次考虑的因素是建筑内部的交流和联系。我们力求使建筑高度融合，创造高品质的公共区域和流动空间，因此，建筑内设计了大型玻璃走道，为住户们提供相遇、聚会和联系的空间和机会。这些流动空间有助于公寓住户之间的交流和分享；第三点是考虑不同使用功能之间的布合理局。公寓大楼容纳了多种不同的功能，私人居住单元、公共活动空间、便于活动和休闲的区域和员工的工作空间。
The height of the neighbouring buildings gives them plunging views over the site. With this in mind, every detail of the building was carefully studied to ensure that they fitted in and were pleasant to look at.
The first consideration regarded contact with the outside world. The quality of the envelope and exterior openings is essential in ensuring the quality of a building. Large windows create a relationship between the internal spaces and the city and neighbourhood.
The second consideration concerned opportunities for interaction within the building. We strove for transparency at the heart of the site, for the quality of the communal and circulation spaces, which are designed as largely glazed walkways providing opportunities for residents to see, meet and interact with one another. These circulation spaces are a determining factor in the quality of life in shared accommodation.
The third consideration took into account the layout of the different functions. The building houses several different functions, as well as the private living units – communal areas, easily accessible spaces for activity and leisure, and work areas for the staff.
剖面图/Section
建筑活力是至关重要的，很明显，这幢公寓充分考虑了宜居、舒适和健康等因素。
居住者和城市之间的关系是我们最重要的关注点之一。首层主要临街面设置了入口大厅，在另一条街道Ruelle de la Planchette设有服务入口，在两个入口之间，沿着Ruelle de la Planchette方向布置着管理办公用房、家庭接待处和一部分医疗服务空间。形似刺刀的流通空间设计，便于将大型使用空间设置在建筑体量中央，而小型办公空间则可以沿街布置。从入口门厅可以望见建筑中心的多功能室、两间大型活动室和图书室。
Finally, if the question of energy is fundamental, so, obviously, are questions of well-being, comfort and health.
The relationship between the occupants and the city was one of our foremost concerns. On the ground floor on Rue de Charenton is the entrance hall, on the Ruelle de la Planchette is a service entrance, and between these two entrances, along the Ruelle de la Planchette, administrative offices, family reception areas, and part of the paramedical unit are located.
Designing the circulation in bayonet formation enabled us to place large spaces at the heart of the block and small offices along the side street. At the centre, directly visible from the entrance hall, is the multi-use room and the two large activity and reading rooms.
细节详图/Detail
人们可以在露台休闲、凝视、沉思，就像日本的庭院那样。露台景观对身处公共活动空间的人们起到了视觉上的引导作用。空间之间彼此连通，用“路”取代了“走廊”，人们穿行在建筑中，可以沿途欣赏室外的景色。
建筑材料的选用具有双重性，从城市角度讲，需要中性色调的外观、独立且耐久性良好，因此灰色调的高性能混凝土更适合城市设计中的大型建筑物；另一个角度看，露台不注重特殊养护，更关注为住户营造受欢迎的舒适空间，因此松木材质覆层更为适合。
The patios are places for contemplation, like Japanese patios. They are the points towards which views from the communal living areas are directed. Circulation ceases to be a ‘corridor’, instead becoming a ‘route’. One passes from one point in the building to another looking outside.
The architecture seeks a duality in the choice and use of materials. On the city side, a neutral skin, discrete and timeless, is achieved using an external facing in high-resistance concrete, grey in colour, dressing the edifice for urban life. On the patio side, larch-wood cladding, which requires no maintenance, provides a welcoming appearance for the residents.
总平面图/Site plan
平面图/Floor plan
平面图/Floor plan
平面图/Floor plan
平面图/Floor plan
平面图/Floor plan
立面图/Elevation
项目简介：
项目名称：法国护理公寓
附加功能：体弱的老年人医疗接待中心
地址：法国巴黎
委托人：elogie
使用者： la fondation des amis de l’atelier
建筑设计：la fondation des amis de l’atelier
AZC设计团队：grégoire zündel, irina cristea（建筑师），valentine jamet ， stefano lunard（项目管理）
竣工时间：2015年
成本：10,6 M€ for a work cost of 7,5 M€ TTC
面积：2,250平方米
project info:
name: planchette sheltered housing
program: medical reception center for aging disabled persons
location: paris, france
client: elogie
user: la fondation des amis de l’atelier
architects: AZC – atelier zündel cristea
AZC team: grégoire zündel, irina cristea, architects;
valentine jamet and stefano lunardi, project’s managers
partners: OTE ingénierie
completed: 2015
cost: 10,6 M€ for a work cost of 7,5 M€ TTC
surface: 2,250 sqm
出处：本文译自www.designboom.com/，转载请注明出处。
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