Cross-shaped windows allow light to filter into Lebanese church by Maroun Lahoud

由专筑网Yumi，刘庆新编译

该项目位于莱巴嫩山上，由巴黎的建筑师Maroun Lahoud设计，大理石教堂的石墙面上刻了一扇十字形窗。

Crucifix-shaped windows are carved through the bush-hammered stonewalls of this marble-lined church on Mount Lebanon, designed by Paris-based architect Maroun Lahoud.

St Elie教堂由一系列堆叠的体块组成，它很适合黎巴嫩Chouf区多山的地形，距离Beirut仅仅30公里。

St Elie Church comprises a series of stacked blocks that fit into the mountainous terrain of Lebanon's Chouf District, just 30 miles outside Beirut.

这些体块包含一个半下沉式的大厅、抬高的服务区和钟塔，它用石工锤石建造而成，这些石头在立面上变化，创造了不同的纹理和色调。

不加修饰的立面基于当地的Maronite教会的风格，其典型的特点是平坦的屋顶和矮的钟楼。

Containing a semi-sunken hall, a raised service area and a bell tower, the blocks are constructed from bush-hammered stone that creates a variety of textures and tonal shifts across the facades.
The non-decorative volumes are based on the style of local Maronite churches, which typically feature flat roofs and short bell towers.

“光线照射在白色的人工锤石表面上，这座教堂庄严地坐落在风景中，”Maroun Lahoud说。“它的外观展现了Maronite教堂的特点：纯净的形体和平屋顶。”

由于墙面上的几个十字形的开口，自然光线能进入主教堂，同时多功能大厅在它的下方，大厅以从地面到天花板的玻璃窗为特色。明亮的白色墙壁和苍白的大理石反射光线。

"Radiant with its white bush-hammered stone cladding, the church solemnly sits in the landscape," said Maroun Lahoud. "Its aspect embodies the characteristics of the Maronite Church: pure massing and flat roof."
The main church is naturally lit, thanks to a number of crucifix-shaped openings in the walls, while the multipurpose hall set beneath features floor-to-ceiling glazing. Bright white walls and pale marble help to reflect the light.

“室内的设计采用间接照明方案：祭坛、圣器收藏室和告解室上方的顶部照明，还有沿着环形侧墙壁的照明，”建筑师说。

“白色的墙面似乎漫反射自然光线，反过来大理石地面反射它。”

"The interior is crafted with indirect lighting schemes: zenithal lighting above the altar, sacristy and confessional, and parietal along the lateral circulations," said the architect.
"The white walls seem to diffuse natural light, the marble floor reflecting it in turn."

木制的十字架传统上被用作装饰，建筑师增加了选择，把这些符号融入到宗教建筑的形式中去——实际上这样的设计追随了安藤忠雄的脚步，他在1989年设计了光之教堂。

最近的例子包括：新西兰的教堂，它以十字形的框架窗为特色；还有圆柱形的小教堂，在它的砖砌墙上有十字形的图案。

While wooden crucifixes were traditionally applied as decoration, architects are increasingly choosing to integrate the symbol into the form of religious buildings – following in the footsteps of Tadao Ando and his Church of the Light in 1989.
Recent examples include a New Zealand church featuring a window with a cross-shaped frame and a cylindrical chapel with cross-shaped motifs in its brickwork.

Lahoud受 Displacement的Ministry委托设计这间教堂，它是一个政府机构，在该地区的内战后，它成立去调解基督徒和Druze团体。

Lahoud was commissioned to design the church by the Ministry of Displacement, a government body set up to foster reconciliation between Christian and Druze groups following civil war in the region.

该团体成立于1990年，在长达15年的黎巴嫩内战结束后，通过筹备新的祈祷教堂和供给住宅的方式，它还补偿了Druze团体。

Set up in 1990 after the end of the 15-year-long Lebanese Civil War, the body has also compensated the Druze community by financing a new prayer hall and housing.

该建筑与周围干裂的石头墙房屋形成对比，它是在战争期间被摧毁的房屋的废墟上建造的。

The contrasting dry stone walls surrounding the base of the white building are constructed from the rubble of some of the houses destroyed during the war.

“给予了村民被摧毁的房屋所留下的东西，因此他们很高兴参与建设；建筑中一些古老的石头也来自于老教堂，”Lahoud告诉Dezeen。“在内战期间，该区域见证了各民族之间的严重斗争。”

“该基地来源于区域里耕种的田地，重塑了山坡的地形，建造多功能厅和它的附属建筑。”

摄影：Maroun Lahoud

"The villagers were glad to participate somehow to the construction by giving what was left from their destroyed houses; some of these stones come from the old church as well," Lahoud told Dezeen. "[The region] witnessed the worst combats between all ethnic groups during the civil war."
"The base, deriving  from the region's cultivated terraces, remodels the topography of the hillside to house the multipurpose hall and its annexes."
Photography is by the architect.      

Site plan/场地平面图

Multipurpose hall floor plan/多功能厅平面图

Church floor plan/教堂平面图

Section one/剖面图 1

Section two/剖面图 2

Section three/剖面图 3

出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。