泰特美术馆扩建工程
Jamie Fobert sinks Tate St Ives extension into Cornish cliff facing the Atlantic Ocean

由专筑网李韧，韩平编译

在英国西南部的康沃尔郡，Jamie Fobert Architects完成了泰特圣艾夫斯美术馆的扩建工程，建筑延伸至悬崖边，扩建项目包括一个地下美术馆和屋顶花园，同时建筑师运用了类似海洋的覆层色彩。

Jamie Fobert Architects has completed a cliffside extension to the Tate St Ives in Cornwall, southwest England, which includes an underground gallery, a rooftop garden and ceramic cladding that mirrors the hues of the sea.

这个位于伦敦的工作室由Jamie Fobert领导负责，近期完成了面积为1325平方米的伦敦泰特圣艾夫斯美术馆的扩建工程，而该美术馆的原有白色圆形体量于1993年由伦敦公司Evans and Shalev设计完成。

The London-based studio lead by Jamie Fobert, completed the 1,325-square-metre extension to the existing Tate St Ives art gallery – a white rotunda completed in 1993 by London firm Evans and Shalev.

Fobert通过挖掘场地现建筑的后侧空间，发现还有大量地下使用空间，这样，扩建部分也不会遮挡住同样建于悬崖顶部的住宅里的人们看向Porthmeor海滩的视野。

建筑师运用了花岗岩和康沃尔野花将美术馆的屋顶覆盖，从而形成一个公共花园，这样做的目的是让建筑与海岸景观更好地融合在一起。屋顶有一条通往悬崖顶部停车场的路，这条路也可以通向海滩，人们可以随意选择自己的路线。

Fobert excavated the site behind the existing building and submerged the bulk of the new structure below ground to make the most of the available space. It also ensures the extension does not block sea views from the residences also built on the cliff top at Porthmeor Beach.
Granite outcrops and Cornish wildflowers cover the roof of the gallery to create a public garden that is intended to help the building blends in with the coastal landscape. A pathway leads from the roof to a car park at the top of the cliff and to the beach at the bottom, providing an alternative route to the existing steep ramp.

“我们的目的是让屋顶给人们带来更加温和的感受。”今年早些时候Fobert在项目预告时说。

花园中央有六个位于厅上方3.5米高的巨型石壁天窗。建筑师设计了“和房间一样大”的照明灯具，它们能产生3至5米的照明光线，从而让室内具有充足的自然光。

"One of the things we wanted to do was allow the rooftop to have a much gentler route," said Fobert at a preview of the design earlier this year.
The garden landscape is punctured by six huge stone-walled skylights that rise 3.5 metres on top of the gallery. The architect designed the "room-sized" lights, which measures three by five metres, to bring in plenty of natural light.

有趣的是，Fobert将照明灯具的角度朝向了南侧，而非北侧，这样做的是目的是让灯具产生更加温和的光线，这更适合展厅。然后，日光照射进入室内后，首先要经过1.5米深的天花板吊顶，然后再进入展厅内部。

Unusually, Fobert chose to angle the lights towards the south rather than the north as it provides a warmer light that he said is more suited for the gallery. The daylight is then filtered through 1.5 metre-deep ceiling beams before hitting the exhibition space.

“我们将灯光设置于角落空间，但是它们的照射范围能够达到3.5米，因此这其实是一种间接光照。”Fobert说。

“在地板上的一个区域内，有相当多的光照，但是，因为后期的控制与限定，室内很少有直接落在墙上的光线。”

展厅内部，五米高的展厅是无柱空间，在这里可以进行各种灵活布局的展览活动。建筑师还设置了黑色百叶窗用于不同的区域，这些百叶可以将这个大型无柱空间按照需求分成6个独立的区域。

"We capture the southern light on a very weak angle but because they are three and a half metres deep, the light within them is always indirect," said Fobert.
"There's an area on the floor which has quite a bit of light intensity but because none of that light intensity falls onto the walls there's this very limited, very controlled amount of daylight on the walls."
Inside, the five-metre-high gallery is column free and completed with simple finishes to offer flexibility for a variety of exhibitions. Other adaptable features include black-out blinds to cover windows for light-sensitive displays and partitions, which can be used to separate the column-free space into six separate areas.

Fobert的扩建部分还包括有一座四层建筑，紧靠地下画廊，其中有车间、装卸区域，工作人员办公室和游客服务设施。

墙壁上覆盖着蓝绿色的陶瓷瓷砖，这些色彩与海水相关。

建筑师还为该项目设置了展示空间的近一倍面积用于泰特美术馆所举办的各项展览，其中包括20世纪英国艺术家作品的永久展示，这些作品将保存于美术馆的原建筑之中。

这样的做法让展厅能够全年开放，不需要在展览作品更换期间而关闭。

泰特美术馆的一份声明说：“泰特圣艾夫斯美术馆将首次向在这里工作生活的20世纪的优秀艺术家展现永恒的形象，展示圣艾夫斯在现代艺术史中的作用。”

Fobert's extension also includes an four-storey building that abuts the underground gallery and includes workshops, a loading bay, staff offices and visitor facilities.
Blue and green glazed ceramic tiles cover the walls to reference tones of the water.
The project nearly doubles the size of gallery space on offer, allowing the Tate to host seasonal exhibitions alongside the permanent show of 2oth-century British artists with ties to the local area, which will be hosted in the original gallery space.
It will also enable the gallery remain open all year round without the need to close during exhibitions changes.
"For the first time, Tate St Ives will be able to give a permanent presence to those iconic 20th century artists who lived and worked in the town, demonstrating the role of St Ives in the story of modern art," said a statement from the Tate.

泰特圣艾夫斯美术馆的建筑师Evans和 Shalev也翻新了现有的部分展览空间。

这些永久性展览的展厅已经向公众开放，而新展厅将于2017年10月14日开放，届时将有雕塑家Rebecca Warren的作品展览。

展厅开放后，预计每年到访游客约为250000人，几乎是美术馆原本容纳量的三倍。

The Tate St Ives' original architects Evans and Shalev have also renovated the existing gallery spaces as part of the project.
These galleries of the permanent exhibition are already open to the public, while the new gallery is set to open on 14 October 2017 with an exhibition of work by sculptor Rebecca Warren.
Once open, the gallery is expected to attracted 250,000 visitors each year, almost triple the amount the building was originally able to accommodate.

泰特圣艾夫斯美术馆建立于1980年，当时泰特刚负责开始管理圣艾夫斯的Barbara Hepworth博物馆和雕塑花园，他希望建立一个永久的博物馆，主要用于展出当地艺术家的作品。

泰特项目十分广泛，其中有英国的泰特美术馆、伦敦泰特现代美术馆，以及利物浦泰特美术馆。

Fobert工作室成立于1996年，此前，Fobert工作室已完成了用于解决伦敦房地产危机的项目建议工作，该项目通过手工制作的砖块和青铜镶板，以及住宅常用的白色砖墙和混凝土地面建造而成的联排别墅。

摄影：Dennis Gilbert

Tate St Ives was established after the Tate began managing the Barbara Hepworth Museum and Sculpture Garden in St Ives in 1980 and wanted to develop a permanent museum to exhibit the work of local artists.
It is joined by Tate galleries across the UK, including the Tate Britain and Tate Modern in London, and the Tate Liverpool.
Founded in 1996, Fobert' studio has previously completed a proposal for London's housing crisis, a townhouse with handmade bricks and bronze panelling and a residence featuring pale brick walls and a sunken concrete floor.
Photography is by Dennis Gilbert.

        
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