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© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
西班牙Toledo旧草垛重建项目
Former Haystack Refurbishment / OOIIO Arquitectura
由专筑网王沛儒，李韧编译
由建筑设计师提供的文字叙述：当最初接触这个项目的时候，建筑师并不知道它最后会变成什么样子。在设计过程中，建筑师不断地解决问题，不断地与甲方和建设者建立紧密的团队联系。
Text description provided by the architects. When we started to build this project we had no idea how was it going to end up looking. This has been a project designed day after day on site, solving problems, creating an intense teamwork together with the client and the builders.
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
建筑师最初的目标是避免一些以前用于农业的旧建筑物的坍塌，比如说旧房、工具房、骡棚、狗窝、水井、工人的厨房和冰窖。它们都有一个共同点，那就是都是廉价的功能性建筑，经过50多年的风风雨雨，呈现出老旧的姿态。
Our initial goal was to avoid the collapse of a group of former modest agricultural constructions used in old times as a hayloft, tool rooms, barn for mules, dog pounds, water well, kitchen for the workers and a cave used as “fridge” to keep the food fresh when there was no electricity or home appliances. All of them had in common that they are cheap functional constructions used as farm work spaces with different pathologies, after more than 50 years of disuse and the passage of time and no maintenance.
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
建筑师的第一个工作是给原来的屋顶进行加固和修补掉落的土坯墙和砖墙。建筑师想要遵循古老的技术，尊重最初建造房屋的那些元素，理解建筑工人在他们的时代里处理材料的方式。
Our first works where purely structural reinforcements of roofs and falling adobe and brick walls. For it we followed the ancient techniques and respected the way those elements where built originally, understanding the way the builders worked those materials on their time.
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
干草堆（前-后）/Haystack / before-after
剖面图/Section
建筑师结合新旧元素，创造一座“混血”的建筑，通过老式建筑丰富的细节来表达新的事物。同时，由于新旧之间的结合，表达出来的效果呈现出一定的对比与微差。
The new as a sum to the old, so that the combination of new and old creates a mestizo building, rich in nuances and singularities.
The old now expresses new things. The new, thanks to its combination with the old, is filled with intentionality and nuances.
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
两种方式都遵循同样的策略，但它们带来了不同的效果。
当完成建筑的加固后，建筑师便开始着手细节设计，那是最重要的设计决策：
Both worlds follow the same language, but they bring different things.
Once we reach safe work conditions we started to get into details, taking the most important design decisions:
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
• 在使用者从天井进入每个空间之前，会经过一个大空间，建筑师拆除了除了结构元素之外的所有构件，从而形成一个巨大而壮观的开放空间。
• To communicate all the different originally divided spaces creating a large unitary space set. (Before you need to get out to the patio to enter in every space, not now anymore). We demolished all the non-structural partitions, getting a huge and spectacular open space.
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
立面图/Elevation
• 完成立面设计之后，便围合成新空间。在正立面上，有一面是用漂亮的古代砖砌成的砖墙。这对屋顶产生了一些影响。建筑师决定不将其拆除，并且通过砖石来建造墙体，再通过使用钻机，用现有的材料修复砖墙，让墙面具有丰富的纹理，这也起到了装饰作用。
该地区砖结构建筑有着悠久的历史，这是一种适应当地气候条件、维护需求又很低的材料，距离现场仅几公里的地方就有几座这种建材的砖厂。 因此选择这种材料既省时又省力。
• To complete the facades closing up the envelope of the new large unitary space. On the former facades, in one side there was an existing brick wall made from beautiful ancient large bricks. It was collapsing doubt to the roof cover thrusts. We convinced the client to not demolish it and we decided to use brick as the only new added material for all the new build walls, each time with a different rig, playing with the existing recovered brick wall and providing a great richness in textures and finishes.
In the area there is a long tradition with brick constructions, and it is a material that works well with the hard local climate with very low maintenance needs, there are several brick factories just some kilometres away from the site. For us it was the perfect material choice.
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
• 为了建造连接空间，将现有楼梯连通到洞穴。从地下到地上每一层都没有楼梯，很难想象如何让它们联系起来。工人们过去常常爬墙，所以在改造中必须增加新的楼梯，把新建的连接空间垂直循环贯通起来，最终形成一个圆柱形体量，环绕螺旋形楼梯，这种形式与当地环境无比契合。
• To build a new “spatial connector” that is unify with the only existing stairs going down to the cave. Although it is hard to imagine, despite there are 3 levels, one underground (cave), ground floor and first floor, there were no stairs up to the Haystack first floor! Workers used to go up climbing the wall, so we must add new stairs up linking all the vertical circulations in our new “spatial connector” which end up having a cylindrical shape, hugging a spiral staircase, reminding an agricultural tank made with bricks (as all the new added elements). A shape that seems to be there from before, although never existed until now.
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
• 建筑师尽可能地恢复所有的传统建筑元素，古老的木门、老粘土砖、梁柱结构，并且直接暴露原始材料。这是建筑师结合考古学和建筑学重新诠释老建筑，并与现代元素相契合，最终形成这座新建筑。
• To recover all the ancient architectonical elements as possible: like repair all the ancient wood doors, clean and polish the beautiful old clay tiles with hundreds of years, repair and reinforce the damaged structural beams and columns, strip the ancient walls showing the original materials and its placemen... It was a methodical work of archeology and architectural surgery reinterpreting the old and combining it with modern elements to get a new mestizo and special building.
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
• 使用色彩和自然光来增强这种材料的质感。
• Play with color and natural light to enhance this material games and combinations.
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
在被废弃多年之后，白色石灰油漆粉刷墙体让建筑充满一阵新意。此外，建筑师还通过新的金属柱和横梁来装饰建筑构件，并且也分担部分原有结构的荷载。再利用当地传统的染色方式，将新旧结构部件都涂成黑色。通过这种色彩的表达方式来诠释建筑结构代表的室内空间的个性化讯息。
After many years of disuse, painting again the walls with white lime paint suddenly was a blow of fresh air for the building. Also, to pop up our structural works for help the ancient damaged beams with new metallic columns and beams, we colored with the traditional local indigo blue the original structural elements and painted in black the new structural ones. This chromatic code combinations to show the way the structure is actually working suddenly became the definitive final touch of personality to all the interiors.
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
所有这些建筑外立面改造工作的结果都体现于细节之中，新旧之间的结合形成细部的对比，对现场进行翻新，通过恢复这些原有的建筑元素使这些古老建筑焕发新的生机。
The result of all this architectonic surgery work has been a patchwork of nuances and details rethinking the old and mixing it with the new, turning the result into a mosaic of nuances and details. A refurbishment planned on site to recover these ancient buildings that now shine with a new life
© OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
翻新前-后/Before-After
剖面图/Section
正侧立面/Front + lateral elevations / before-after
洞穴翻新前-后/Cave / before-after
厨房翻新前-后/Kitchen / before-after
干草堆（前-后）/Haystack / before-after
农具室翻新前-后/Farming tools rooms/ before-after
新增加-楼梯/New additions + Stairs
建筑设计：OOIIO Arquitectura
地理位置：西班牙
首席建筑师：Joaquín Millán Villamuelas, Natalia Garmendia Cobo, Milda Dudonyte, Pilar Bolaños Almeida.
面积：235平方米
项目年份：2017年
项目照片：OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
建设者：Construcciones Eco Magón s.l.
客户：私人项目
Architects: OOIIO Arquitectura
Location: Mora, Toledo, Spain
Lead Architects: Joaquín Millán Villamuelas, Natalia Garmendia Cobo, Milda Dudonyte, Pilar Bolaños Almeida.
Area: 235.0 m2
Project Year: 2017
Photographs: OOIIO Arquitectura, josefotoinmo
Builder: Construcciones Eco Magón s.l.
Client: Private
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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