由专筑网Ann，刘庆新编译

来自事务所的描述。作为哥德堡的工业海港区，Frihamnen已经逐渐失去了工业特色，转型为哥德堡新的中心区，供市民进行各种活动。由于目前处于过渡阶段，再加上还保留着一部分原有的工业痕迹以及大量未被充分开发的区域，使得这里汇集了多种文化活动类型，具有很大的开发潜力。

From the architect. Frihamnen, the industrial harbor of Gothenburg, is gradually losing its industrial character and is steadily becoming a new, central part of Gothenburg, open to be discovered and adopted by the citizens. The present state of transition, the traces of its former uses and the huge undefined spaces together make the area very attractive for the establishment and implementation of different kinds of cultural activities.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

除了被污染的土地和水资源，这个工业港口地区的遗产还有一系列迷人的多功能设施和建筑物，以及自发形成的一种脆弱的自然环境状态，在沥青、混凝土和水之间存在着。过去用于停泊和中转的码头，在未来将会失去原有的功能。水面上荡漾着Jubilee 公园的倒影和对未来发展的希冀。充分利用水资源、陆地和周边地区，积极开发新的用途，创造多种场所体验，是该地区发展前景的重要一环。

Apart from polluted land and water, the heritage of this industrial port area is a series of fascinating functional objects and buildings and the spontaneous and fragile nature that somehow exists between asphalt, concrete and water. The docks, created for turning ships, will lose their former function in the future. The water surface represents the blue part of the envisaged Jubilee Park. Imagining new uses and types of experiences, as well as links between the water, the land and the neighbourhood, are crucial for the development of the whole area.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

结合该地区原有的区域特色，包括物质性设施和思想形态，保存当前状态的空间品质及体验，融入新建筑和现代元素，发掘新的空间用途，这对保留该地区的场所记忆是十分必要的，将有利于Frihamnen港口区打造海港公园和实现可持续发展。

For sustainable urban growth and the creation of a specific harbour park at Frihamnen it is necessary to preserve the memory of the site by attempting to intertwine with old structures, both physically and emotionally, the feeling and the qualities of the current state of ‚ waitingʻ for new uses, buildings and temporary interventions.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

Drawing 2/绘图 2

在这种粗犷的环境中建造浴场，似乎并不是一个合适的选择，但却是一个改变地区形象的方式：营造亲密空间，创造了新的休闲方式，为不同人群提供了交流的机会。过去受到水污染的影响，码头并不适合进行洗浴，而现在，洗浴文化活动的建立将会为这个特殊的环境提供一种新的休闲类型。

Establishing bathing in this rough and hostile environment is, above all, a way to change the perception of it: creating intimate spaces, new leisure experiences and the opportunity for communication between different groups of people. Since water pollution does not allow, for the moment, direct bathing activities in the docks, the establishment of Bathing Culture activities will generate a form of prediction for the future of this particular setting.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

把浴室作为公共场所

公共浴室曾经是城市中的社交场所。它们不仅仅是放松和运动的地方，更是政治、讨论、和商业活动场所，甚至充斥着色情、享乐主义和犯罪。而现在，公共浴场已经逐渐淡出了大众的视野，取而代之的是一些以休闲娱乐为主的场所，比如游泳池和温泉。我们将浴室作为一个社会空间，满足人们花时间在一起讨论生活的需要。浴室的感官品质为我们提供了一个没有竞争、消费或惊奇的地方，纯粹地共享空间，交流思想，并享受着水给他们带来的欢愉。

Bath as a forum.
Public baths were once an intense place for social gatherings in our cities. They were places not only for relaxation and sport but also for politics, discussion, business deals, eroticism, hedonism and crime. Thishas been lost in our cities and substituted with the more bleak and leisure-based public swimming pools and spas. We see the baths as a social space to meet people, spend time together and discuss life. The sensorial qualities of the baths provide us with a place where there is no competition, consumption or spectacle, but where the focus is purely on sharing spaces and thoughts, and enjoying and benefiting from the water.

Elevation 2/立面图 2

把城市规划视为一项程序

在城市规划理论的抽象层面上，Raumlabor专门研究了动态规划。通过功能激活场所活力是规划中的核心环节，公共空间的多重属性是激发活力、体现时代感和适应周边地区的驱动力。在改造过程中，我们在寻求一种基于使用者需求的新型应用空间，使城市参与者尽早地加入到场所活动中来。

City planning as a process.
Working on an abstract level of city planning, Raumlabor has specialised in dynamic master planning. Activation through use is the central approach. Multifaceted use of public space is a driving force for the development of vibrant, contemporary and adaptive neighbourhoods. We seek to invent new, user-based applications and involve various urban players as early as possible in the transformation processes.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

基于充分调研的设计

Raumlabor发掘并利用现有的基地条件，力求处理好每一处空间。在设计中，对基地进行充分考察和调研，积极探求新的可行方案并完善现有设计。我们并不总是试图解决问题，而是创造新的空间场所使城市参与者有机会去了解和使用城市空间，发现城市的活力和无限的可能性。

Research-based design.
Raumlabor are committed to dealing with places 1:1, discovering and using what we find within the conditions at the site. In the process of doing, we learn more about the investigation site through active Design and finding new methods that are open to appropriation and upgrading existing methods. We do not always solve problems; we initiate processes that give players the opportunity to get to know, understand and use the city and its dynamics, as well as its possibilities.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

建筑物的集中

“聚集在一起”不是完成了城市发展的结果而是发展中的一个过程，这也就解释了为什么要在规划建设城市发展蓝图的时候需要考虑未来城市中的使用者和管理者。建筑物的集中为不同社会阶级、不同种族背景的人提供了彼此交流的机会，同时也给了他们一个机会去做自己平时不会去做的事：促使人们在城市中创造自己的空间，从而拓展自身城市生活领域。

Building together.
"Living together" is not an end in itself but a process. That is why it is important to plan and build the prototype together with the people who will in the future use and manage it. ‚Building togetherʻ is also an opportunity to bring people from different social classes and with different ethnic backgrounds together for a meaningful experience. The idea is to give them an opportunity to do something that they would normally never do: to expand their city living by giving them the chance to create their own space in the cities.

Drawing 4/绘图 4

场地工作

在港口区工作了数个星期，我们整个设计团队完全改变了最初对这里的看法。首先我们了解到人们在这里参与的各项活动，并不局限于最初设想的项目，诸如轮滑阻拦赛、夜场电影和园艺，人们还在这里做自己喜欢的事，像玩遥控飞机模型、滑板或是在这里练习驾驶汽车和摩托车，还有一些其他的日常活动，慢跑爱好者在这里跑步，爱宠物的人在这里遛狗，还有夫妻或情侣为了放松休闲或是看日落而来到这里。

Working on the site.
Working with our team in the harbour for several weeks totally changed our perception of the site. First we got to know all the people who already use the space. These are not just the people who go there for the suggested activities, such as roller derby, film nights and the gardening group. They also include people who bring their own tools and hobbies to the harbour, such as remote-controlled drones, asphalt surfers or people who go there to practice driving cars or motorbikes. There are also frequent spontaneous users, such as joggers, people walking their dogs or couples who simply go there to relax and enjoy the sunset.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

这使我们想起Frihamnen整体作为一个公园但绝大部分地面都是沥青构成，还充分地考虑了城市的中心位置，这里拥有与其他城市公共空间截然不同的环境氛围。Frihamnen给人以辽阔开放之感，这里蕴含着无限的可能。从港口区与历史城市中心的距离来看，保持现有的距离感或许是公园具有吸引力的重要特点。坐在滨水的木制桥墩旁，远处传来渔船发动机的轰隆声，仿佛置身于一个特殊的地方，大型船只渐渐靠近又缓缓驶向远方，这一切都营造出飘渺的空间感。

This made us think about the whole of Frihamnen as a park despite that fact that most of it is asphalt and that is still underutilised considering ist central location in the city. But it is already a space that has a very special atmosphere and very different from the other more urbanised public spaces in Gothenburg. There is a feeling of openness and potential in this extensive area. In the light of its proximity to the historical city centre, its ability to still keep ist distance is perhaps the most fascinating characteristic of the park as it is at present. Sitting on the wooden piers next to the water as the fishing boats come in with their throbbing diesel engines produces a feeling of being in a very special space. It is as if the large ships passing by connect you physically to the open sea, creating a different scale of freedom of space.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

建筑材料

材料的选择增加了建筑的吸引力，使参观者想进入室内一探究竟。取自军舰设备的冷色风化金属外表皮，使人不由得觉得这里本身就属于海港的一部分，而带有图案装饰的木制部分，看起来就像沿着海岸漂浮的木板，它使不同建筑物在材料和视觉上产生了联系。

Building materials.
The choice of materials enhances the intended dramaturgy for visitors to the bath. Cold and weathered metal on the outside, ready-mades from naval equipment, produce the sensation of something that could naturally belong to the harbor site. The wooden path with its pattern, the physical and visual connection between the different buildings, recall floating wood pieces along the shore.

Drawing 5/绘图 5

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

桑拿浴室室内的松木墙面板呈不透明片状，木片非常薄，能够通过改变自身形状对温度湿度的变化做出及时反映。温暖的室内空间和参观者一同呼吸。室内墙体和天花的饰面板布置营造出了一个被包围起来的空间，同时也引导人们关注窗外起重机的位置和市中心的方向。在海港桑拿浴室中的亲密空间与旧城区之间的视线联系，一开始就作为了场地选择的一个重要方面。

The larch shingles of the sauna interior, made of thick veneer, are thin enough to react to the changes of temperature and humidity so that their shape changes in use. The warm space breathes with the visitors. The direction of the shingles' pattern on the walls and ceiling creates at the same time an embracing space and a focus on the view out of the big window towards the silhouette of the cranes and the city center. This visual connection between the new intimate space inside the „hostile“ harbor environment and the old city was from the beginning a crucial aspect for the choice of the site.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

潜在因素的考察

有一部分信息的获取不是通过往常的勘测和短暂性的实地调查得到的，在以往的规划项目中我们就开始进行对主观判断和按部就班全面调查所得信息的综合处理，我们称之为潜在调研。潜在因素的考察意味着收集设想并落实一个特定公共空间的潜在热点，包括一切现有使用功能、不易察觉特质和潜在的参与者。我们已经对Jubilee Park进行了测绘，结果将进行公开展示并持续更新，它也可以在新社区建设的交流、参与和协商中发挥作用。

Potential map.
There are layers of information, which we do not get from regular plans and brief site visits. In previous planning projects we started to map these layers of subjective findings and programmatic overlays in whatare termed ‚potential mapsʻ. A ‚potential mapʻ is intended as a means of collecting, visualising and locating all the existing uses, hidden qualities and potential players for a specific public space. Together with Platsbyggnad, we have begun to draw a potential map for the Jubilee Park. The potential map should be displayed to the general public and be constantly updated. It could become a tool for communication, participation and negotiation for the building of this new neighbourhood and park.

Drawing 1/绘图 1

愿景的描绘

Raumlabor为Jubilee Park发展项目作出的第三个提议是明确和标注出新公园和周边地区参与者对区域发展的不同希冀和夙求，其中的参与者包括不同个体、群体和机构以及工程项目。这甚至能够在我们开始探讨这些愿景的可行性和冲突性之前，帮助我们了解到该地区未来可能出现的不同思潮。在这一开放式的规划进程中，愿景的规划应该经常更新，以容纳和反映参与者日益增加的夙求，并且能够显示出区域未来发展的变化。

Desire map.
A third tool that Raumlabor proposes for the development of Jubilee Park 0.5 is a map that identifies, locates and presents the diverse wishes and desires of different individuals, groups and institutions and projects these into the new park and neighbourhood. This should be a tool to illustrate all the different thoughts about this future part of the city before we even start to judge and negotiate these desires in terms of feasibility and contradictions. This map in particular should be updated frequently within the process in order to include the growing number of voices and show how the imagination of the future changes in such an open planning process.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

公众参与

2014年9月15日至20日

在2014年9月，我们呼吁哥德堡全体市民都参与到项目的建设中来，当时我们正进行着项目的第一个阶段，打造浴场文化。这一做法符合我们对于开放式项目的理念，希望全体市民共同参与项目的设计和建设，设计团队也不仅仅包含了建筑师，还有木匠、设计师，甚至是厨师。在这一周的时间里，建筑项目已经开始启动，而此时设计团队也即将完成木制的滨水长提的修建。由24人组成的设计团队拥有不同的专业背景，从设计专业的学生到艺术家和城乡规划师，都一同参与到该地区发展规划的讨论和建设中来。

Open call one / building together.
September 15th to 20th, 2014.
In September 2014 we asked people from all over Gothenburg to participate in the building process during the first phase of Bathing Culture. In line with our idea of designing and building collectively in open processes we came to the Jubilee Park with a mixed team of architects, carpenters, designers and a cook. During the open call week the building process had already started and our team was about to finish the wooden piers along the water line. In all, 24 people with different professional backgrounds, ranging from students of design to artists and town planners, came to build with us and discuss the future potential of the site and the park.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

项目设计团队分为三组，分别探讨不同的课题。一组研究入口构筑物和墙体形式的设计方案，设计中用到的旧窗是我们从二手市场淘到的。另一组负责Todosch ——位于圆形广场中心位置的石制雕塑，它颇具年代感。设计中使用的角状花岗岩铺装由哥德堡公园和景观管理处提供。第三组准备利用空酒桶建造浴室的墙体部分。

The building workshop was arranged in the form of three groups that took on different tasks. One group was working on the small entrance pavilion, building walls from the old windows that we had bought from a second-hand supplier. Another group worked with Todosch, an experienced stone sculptor at the central circular square. They used granite pavement corner blocks provided by the Gothenburg Parks and Landscape Administration. A third group started to build the shower room with walls from empty wine bottles.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

第一次参与浴场项目的设计让我们对基地和城市有了更深刻的理解。在用沉重的花岗石修建小广场期间，对于再度开放的Frihamnen也产生了大量的讨论，我们也更加了解周边地区和城市间的关系。在建设期间，各个团队表达了对项目可能性方案和风格的诸多构想，公众参与讨论所带来的奇思妙想和深刻思考，已经远远超越了我们所做的区域未来发展规划。

This first participatory workshop in the bathing project helped us to understand the site and the city much better. While lifting the heavy granite stones to build the little square, there was a lot of conversation about the possible future of the newly opened Frihamnen. We could learn a lot about the neighbourhood and ist relationship with the whole city. While working, a lot of wishes regarding possible programmes and atmospheres were articulated in the different teams. These conversations opened up scope for imagination and speculation about the future of the park, which went far beyond the building projects that we were working on together.

Courtesy of raumlaborberlin

Site Plan/场地平面图

Elevation 1/立面图 1

Drawing 3/绘图 3

Drawing 6/绘图 6

建筑设计： raumlabor
项目地点：瑞典，哥德堡
项目负责人： Francesco Apuzzo, Jan Liesegang
项目年份：2014年
摄影：raumlaborberlin
合作设计：Bruno Gonçalves, Christian Göthner, Eduardo Conceição, Florian Stirnemann, Jordane Coquart, Katharina Spagl, Maria Garcia Perez, Mariana Marques da Silva, Martina Blom, Sam, Dias Carvalho
委托人： Älvstranden Utveckling AB

Architects: raumlabor
Location: Gothenburg, Sweden
Architects in Charge: Francesco Apuzzo, Jan Liesegang
Project Year: 2014
Photographs: Courtesy of raumlaborberlin
Collaborators: Bruno Gonçalves, Christian Göthner, Eduardo Conceição, Florian Stirnemann, Jordane Coquart, Katharina Spagl, Maria Garcia Perez, Mariana Marques da Silva, Martina Blom, Sam, Dias Carvalho
Comissioned: Älvstranden Utveckling AB

出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。