© vincent callebaut architectures

总部位于巴黎的vincent callebaut architectures事务所日前透露将在埃及首都开罗建造一个多功能的综合体。这个综合体将成为城市建筑发展进步的标志， 同时这也是城市发展的需求。‘the gate residence’建筑结构和植物相结合，把城市转化为垂直、绿色、密集、联通可达的生态系统。在城市大环境下这个项目的最主要目的就是提高可持续意识，对抗全球变暖的趋势，主张环境友好型发展。 Paris-based practice vincent callebaut architectures has revealed plans for a multi-use complex to be built in the Egyptian capital city of Cairo. Envisioned as a symbol of the country’s desire for a progressive type of architecture, ‘the gate residence’ combines vegetation and structure, metamorphosing the city into a vertical, green, dense and hyper-connected ecosystem. The main objective behind the urban proposal is to raise awareness of sustainable architecture designed to combat global warming and maintain an eco-friendly global environment.

                        巨大的外立面把建筑结构和植物结合在一起© vincent callebaut architectures

为了看起来更加整体，整个综合体都被包裹在一层太阳能屋顶下，这个顶蓬覆盖了绿色的顶层露台和空中别墅。它除了为太阳能电池板和加热管提供能源外，也为建筑提供了阴凉的作用，从而使其减少对通风系统的依赖。一系列的矩形建筑体中一共包含了1000间公寓，它们围绕着中央的林荫大道有序布置。这个方案有一个四层的地下停车场，停车场正上方是一座大型的超市。这些矩形的建筑体从地面层开始，一至三层是商业网点，由毗邻的街道连接，其上九层是住宅，在住宅之上有三层办公区域，住宅和办公区域是一个整体。 Unifying the complex, the entire scheme is enclosed beneath by a solar roof that covers the green rooftop terraces and sky villas. In addition to supporting solar panels and heating tubes, the canopy also provides shade where necessary, thus decreasing the reliance on mechanical ventilation systems. In total, 1,000 apartment units are contained within a series of rectangular volumes that are subsequently organized around a central boulevard. The program provides four storeys of underground parking, with a supermarket positioned directly above. Three levels of commercial outlets starting at ground level are connected with the adjacent street, while nine storeys of housing are integrating with three further levels of offices.

                        在城市大环境下这个项目的最主要目的就是提高可持续建筑的意识© vincent callebaut architectures

三层的商业网点呈现出两种类型的外立面。沿着人行道布置的大片透明的玻璃幕墙，不时被用来指示通往购物商场主要入口的绿色植生墙和进入各个公寓大楼的大堂打断。在建筑的天井内部，立面造型则是泰森多多边形结构组成的珊瑚礁状的有机形体，由下到上密度逐步改变。横穿天井内部绿色露台的人行天桥将同一层的商业空间连接并贯通，增加了空间的可达性。整个综合体的顶层成为了一个巨大又整体的花园，同时也是这个项目第五种类外立面，花园里有公共的阳光果园，有无边界的游泳池，还有很多的运动设施。 The three commercial levels above grade present two facade typologies. A transparent curtain wall set all along the promenade is punctuated by green walls that indicate the main entrances towards the shopping mall, and the lobbies of each apartment block. Inside the patios, the façades are developed with a voronoi structure presenting organic shapes that reference the form of a coral reef with a progressive density from bottom to top. Each of these elevations are linked by footbridges that traverse the green terraces inside each courtyards. The roof of the whole complex is transformed into a big community garden that becomes the fifth façade of the project – a common area of orchards, infinity swimming pools and sports facilities.

                        为了看起来更加整体，整个综合体都被包裹在一层太阳能屋顶下© vincent callebaut architectures

这个项目最大的特色就是8栋相互连成一体的绿色生态建筑：       1、集风口       9个集风口，参考了埃及的传统建筑，像9棵长在天井中央的大树。集风口有三个不同的功能：通过直接的通风入口引导气流向下运动，通过风力辅助的温度差或者太阳能辅助的温度差引导气流向上运动。       2、无动力制冷和地热供暖       无动力制冷是一个建筑设计的新方式，设计师们更多的关注热量的吸收控制和热量的损耗，以保证室内的温度宜人和能源的零消耗。通风口提供各个公寓自然通风，而地热管道会将热量反复送入每个建筑。地球为我们提供了高效又环保的方式来为室内空间制冷和供暖。 The scheme boasts eight green architectural features that are integrated within the project: 1. windcatchers Nine windcatchers, which reference traditional Egyptian architecture, stand as huge trees in middle of each green patio. Each of these structures can function in three different ways: directing airflow downward using direct wind entry, directing airflow upwards using a wind-assisted temperature gradient, or directing airflow upwards using a solar-assisted temperature gradient. 2. passive geothermal cooling and heating Passive cooling is a building design approach that focuses on heat gain control and heat dissipation in a building, in order to improve the indoor thermal comfort with low or nil energy consumption. Integrated air shafts naturally venitalte each apartment, while geothermal heat pumps move heat energy back and forth between the building and the earth to provide an efficient and environmentally friendly method for heating and cooling internal space.

                        顶棚除了为太阳能电池板和加热管提供能源外，也为建筑提供了遮阴效果© vincent callebaut architectures

3、太阳能光电板       传统的太阳能光电板主要利用可见光和红外线来转化成电能，然而作为本项目创新的一部分，新的太阳能光电板可以把紫外线一并利用起来。太阳能光电板安装面代替了传统的窗户，或者安置在玻璃上，其范围几乎包含了整个立面，可以使其发电、光温控制等这些复合功能得到最大化的利用。太阳能屋顶由可通达的太阳能电池板覆盖，不仅为天井和人行通道提供阴影，而且供应综合体大部分的日常用电。       4、太阳能热水管       太阳能热水系统将全年为建筑内的浴室、厨房的热水提供热水。用来收集太阳能的玻璃金属管道被排列整合成椭圆形置于每个屋顶中心的设备房上。 3. solar photovoltaics cells Most conventional solar cells use visible and infrared light to generate electricity. In contrast, the innovative new solar cells developed as part of the project also use ultraviolet radiation. Used to replace conventional window glass, or placed over the glazing, the installation surface area could be large, leading to potential uses that take advantage of the combined functions of power generation, lighting and temperature control. In the project, the solar roof will be covered by walkable solar panels that create shadows above the patios and the promenade, generating a big part of the electricity necessary for the building. 4. solar water heating tubes Solar water heating systems have been incorporated within the design to deliver hot water to all the bathrooms and kitchens of the building throughout the year. Glass-metal tubes collecting the warmth of the sun will be integrated in the elliptical shapes covering the mechanical rooms in each core on the roof.

                        整个综合体的顶层成为了一个巨大又整体的花园，同时也是这个项目第五种类外立面© vincent callebaut architectures

5、垂直轴风力机       沿内街布置的螺旋风力涡轮机利用过堂风发电。这种新的自给自足的原型机命名为‘the phylolight’，它是城市照明和垂直轴风力机的结合。       6、屋顶社区花园       本项目中的社区花园将创新性的把屋顶转变成供所有居民活动的场所。这个“巨大的空中花园”中包括儿童游乐场、运动场、蔬菜园和果园。绿色的屋顶花园像是为住宅穿上了完美的隔离衣，以弥补高密度建设给人们活动空间带来的影响。 5.vertical axis wind turbines Located along the inner street, helical wind turbines benefit from the site’s prevailing winds and generate a great deal of electricity. The new self-sufficient prototype entitled ‘the phylolight’, is a hybridization between an urban light and a vertical wind turbine. 6. rooftop community gardens Community gardens are proposed to transform the roof into a place of innovation for all the residents of the project. The ‘big garden in the sky’ will integrate playgrounds for the children, sports areas, food gardens and orchards. A green roof will compensate the high density of the construction serving as a perfect insulation coat above the residential levels.

                        横穿天井内部绿色露台的人行天桥将同一层的商业空间连接并贯通© vincent callebaut architectures

7、绿色植生墙       9棵被绿植覆盖的“大树”用来全面降低建筑室内温度。沿着内街布置的玻璃幕墙不时被用来指示通往各住宅单体入口的绿色植生墙打断。       8、自动化智能住宅       多传感器用来检测每个房间的人数、活动、温度和光照水平，同时自动化的暖通设备能够让居民自主选择最适宜的居住气候。 7. green/living walls Reducing overall temperatures within the building, 9 megatrees will be covered by living green walls. Along the inner street, curtain walls will be punctuated with areas of plantation, designed to identify the main entrances of each individual housing block. 8. smart homes with automation. Multi-sensors are used to detect number of people in each room, motion, temperature, and light level, while natural HVAC automation enables inhabitants to chose their optimal climate.

                        鸟瞰图© vincent callebaut architectures

                        这个项目最大的特色就是一系列连成一体的绿色生态建筑© vincent callebaut architectures

                        模型

                        场地平面图

                        平面图

                        平面图/停车场
                        

                        平面图/商业区

                        平面图

                        平面图/办公区

                        平面图/住宅区

                        楼顶平面图

                        立面图

                        轴测图

                        节能概念

                        节能概念

项目信息： 委托类型：建筑委员会 国际设计团队：vincent callebaut architectures, paris 委托人：abraj misr, urban development, cairo, egypt 位置：heliopolis district, cairo, egypt 功能：1,000 间公寓, 办公及购物中心 项目表面积：450，000平方米 项目预算：4.5亿埃及磅 施工时间：2015年3月 完成时间：2019年 目前阶段：纲要设计/建筑许可 绿色建筑认证：LEED gold plus 本地合作单位：K&A design, injaz development VCA团队：agnès martin, jiaoyang huang, fabrice zaini, maguy delrieu, vincent callebaut

project info: type: architectural commission international design architect: vincent callebaut architectures, paris client: abraj misr, urban development, cairo, egypt location: heliopolis district, cairo, egypt program: 1,000 apartments, offices and shopping mall surface area: 450,000 sqm budget: EGP 4,5 bn. start of the construction: march 2015 delivery: 2019 current phase: schematic design / building permit green certification: LEED gold plus local architect: K&A design, injaz development VCA’s team: agnès martin, jiaoyang huang, fabrice zaini, maguy delrieu, vincent callebaut

出处：本文译自www.designboom.com/，转载请注明出处。 编辑：范偲慧，刘汁