5个项目说明预制材料的巨大潜力
5 Projects That Illustrate the Huge Potential of Prefab

由专筑网李韧，韩平编译

预制材料对建筑师来说并不是一个新想法，但它的使用率近几年逐渐上升。使用预制材料可以降低建筑的成本，同时也使项目更具可持续性和高效性。但要做到这一点，必须有一个明确的建设过程，尊重建筑意图和并且整体考虑结构与建筑设备。这样的话建设工作就可以在最短的时间内进行，并且减少许多劳动和维护的成本。

以下五个设计采用了预制材料，并展示了它带来的好处以及创造性的设计策略。让我们一起看看建筑师对这些预制策略有哪些不同的理解与看法。

Prefabrication is not a new idea for architects, but its usage is arguably on the rise. Using prefabricated materials can keep your costs down, as well as make your project more sustainable and efficient. But for this to happen, there must be a defined process of construction, which respects the architectural intent and integrates the entire structure with the building's facilities. This way, the work can be carried out in the shortest time possible, and the cost of labor and maintenance is reduced, as is the waste of materials.
The five designs selected below adopt prefabricated materials and demonstrate the benefits that it brings to the creative design strategy. Read on to see what each of their architects said about their prefabrication strategy.


Nova Casa Triangulo画廊
Nova Casa Triangulo / Metro Arquitetos Associados


© Leonardo Finotti

“在细部设计阶段，这种材料被所有人认为是最有益于提高建设效率的，因为在工人的预制或施工过程中不需要过度整理材料。用在外立面和主展区的是聚碳酸酯和水泥板，甚至连同钢格栅覆盖天花板，都运用的是预制材料。”

"Materials have been selected for their efficiency at the detailing stage, either because they were prefabricated or did not require excessive finishing during construction. The polycarbonate and cement panels used on the external facade and in the lining of the main exhibition area, together with the expanded steel grills covering the ceiling, are examples of such materials."




比利时#48零功耗别墅
#48Zero Energia/Skilpod +UAU Collective


© Geert Van Hertum

“在建造了许多原型建筑（钢框架、木构架、EPS建筑、钢木组合）之后，建筑师开始研究交错层压木材(cross-laminated timber)。这种材料并不廉价，但我们发现这是一个伟大的施工材质：极强、热性能好、生产速度快，几乎无冷桥，运输方便，结构稳定（如升降起重机），甚至已经运用在各种室内装修项目中（甚至不需要用到容易裂缝的石膏）”。

"After building a lot of prototype buildings (Steel framing, wood skillet, eps building, steel-wood combo…) they came into contact with CLT: Cross Laminated Timber. CLT is not cheap, but for our application it was a great construction method: extremely strong, good thermal properties, fast production, almost no cold bridges, easy to transport, stable construction (like lifting with cranes) and also it comes already in very nice interior finishing’s (so no need for plaster which easily cracks)."




Refúgio em Finca Aguy / MAPA


© Leonardo Finotti

“这座预制房屋所处的环境真的是十分恶劣，但是建筑师还是精心地将它打造出来。它=先在工厂里进行组装，最后被运输到最终目的地。”

"Prefab Houses are produced in a controlled environment and carefully made. They are born in a factory and taken to their final destination."




Casa de Madeira 度假屋
Casa de Madeira / Estudio Borrachia


© Fernando Schapochnik

“这座房子不仅反应了设计与施工的时效问题，而且还研究了一系列的方案，进行了一些预制策略用以降低成本，从而快速实现房屋的建设。”

"This house offers not only the response to a timely and specific problem of your design and construction but also for studying the verification of a series of investigations that are carrying out for some years on the implementation of systems prefabricated dry low cost, quick realization."




Estúdio Madalena / Apiacás Arquitetos


© Leonardo Finotti

“建筑能够得以实施的一个大前提是具有合理的预算。为此，我们在同一地区的办公建筑运用了以下施工材料：Bar Mundial（World Bar）与金属结构建造预制混凝土板，这加快了建筑的建设速度。这个办公建筑运用的预制系统与混凝土元件广泛运用于巴西地区，通常用于浇筑大量的板坯，面板在这里主要应用于建筑物的密封，给予空心墙一定的可变空间。

"The construction had the available budget as the main premise. To this end, we followed the construction method of the office’s recent work in the same neighborhood: Bar Mundial (World Bar) was built with metal structures and prefabricated concrete panels, which accelerated the time for executing the work. This prefabrication system with concrete elements was developed by our office in order to subvert the use of a material widely applied in Brazil. Often used for concreting massive slabs, the panels were used here in the sealing of the building, in pairs giving form to hollow walls executed in 25 cm wide strips with variable height."




出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。