Bartlett 研究生Julia Baltsavia设计基于模块化住房的梁结构系统
Bartlett graduate Julia Baltsavia designs construction system for modular housing based on I-beams

由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译

一个零件库可以用来创建个性化的自我建造公寓，该建筑由Bartlett 研究生Julia Baltsavia设计作为解决伦敦的住房危机的策略手段。

A library of parts could be used to create personalised self-build apartments, with this construction system designed by Bartlett graduate Julia Baltsavia as a solution to London's housing crisis.

由Baltsavia完成的I-architecture项目，是她在攻读建筑学研究生的研究项目。经过调查，她发现许多大城市的居住数量严重不足，因此，她设计了一种替代传统住宅的房屋建筑。

“当代生产方式并不理性。”Baltsavia说：“该项目是对这一现象的回应，这种与以往不同的住宅产业的重点是为寻求自建住房的人群提供一种独特的住房供应方式。”

The I-Architecture project, completed by Baltsavia as part of her studies on the Bartlett's MA Architecture programme, offers an alternative to conventional house building, which she claims is failing to provide sufficient accommodation in many major cities.
"Contemporary modes of production are no longer rational," claimed Baltsavia. "As a reaction to this, a very different kind of housing industry has emerged – an open-source paradigm, which is focused on growing the housing supply for the 'long tail' of individuals seeking to self-build their own housing."

该方案的特点是通过使用全自动数字制造技术生产预制模块化组件，促进大规模住房的快速建造。

一个模块可以以不同的方式进行结合，创造出不同的公寓类型，在线资源库将为自建住宅的人群提供更多的设计参与感。

The proposal aims to facilitate the rapid building of mass housing through the use of fully automated digital-fabrication technologies to produce pre-fabricated modular components.
An online open-source library of modules that could be combined in various ways to create different apartment typologies would offer the occupant more involvement in the design of their house.

该模块基于传统建筑工字梁。它们经过挤压形成能够容纳居住的使用空间。

所需的模块一旦被选中，它们将被机器切割机切割，模块的连接处通过铝制端盖连接，同时也能避免这些模块因受潮而损坏。

The modules are based on the characteristics of the I-beams used in traditional construction. The extruded form of these structural components is reinterpreted in a variety of sectional units that are large enough to accommodate living spaces.
Once the desired modules are selected, they could be carved from foam blocks by a robotic cutting machine. Aluminium end caps added to each section would facilitate their connection and protect them from water damage.

这些模块的表面将喷涂纤维增强混凝土，从而增强结构刚度，然后运输到现场，与 CNC铣木或三维印刷塑料表面相连接。

The modules would be sprayed with fibre-reinforced concrete to provide structural rigidity, before being transported to the site, connected and lined with either CNC-milled wood or 3D-printed plastic surfaces.

Baltsavia将这个项目视作开放资源框架系统的重生，这种框架系统让消费者能够参与标准化模板的设计工作，她认为现在是建筑业应当多采取类似做法，提供更民主、人道的设计解决方案。

“建筑中的开放模式，让建筑师的角色从产品设计师转化为框架设计师，使用者可以通过自己的个人需求来参与设计制作过程。”她建议。

Baltsavia sees her project as a response to the growth of open-source frameworks, which enable consumers to participate in the design of objects by adapting standardised templates. She believes it is time for architecture to adopt similar practices, to offer more democratic, decentralised solutions.
"In an open source paradigm in architecture, the role of the architect shifts from that of a designer of a predefined product to that of a framework, within which users can directly intervene and customise it according to their personal needs," she suggested.

这种开放系统能够支持三层高的低层建筑在一定的专业协助下设计和建造。

更高的楼层则要求建筑师的参与，通过预定义的公寓类型，可以结合创造出满足用户需求的高层建筑。

Baltsavia的作品I-Architecture 被称为“建筑的组成部分”。导师Mollie Mollie Claypool，Manuel Jiménez García和Gilles Retsin通过该作品来了解学生对于数字生产与社会变革的看法。

The open-source system would allow low-rise buildings of up to three storeys to be designed and constructed with limited professional assistance.
Anything taller would require an architect to be involved in the process, offering a choice of pre-determined apartment typologies that could be combined to create a high-rise structure adapted to meet the specific needs of its occupants.
Baltsavia developed I-Architecture as part of Unit 19 at the Bartlett School of Architecture, called Architecture Made of Parts. Tutors Mollie Claypool, Manuel Jiménez García and Gilles Retsin asked students to look at how digital production can become a tool for social change.

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