CoBLOgó工厂
CoBLOgó / SUBdV
由专筑网叶中玉，李韧编译
来自建筑事务所的描述。这个工厂及其附属办公建筑位于巴西圣保罗，采用了“高低”融合技术，该技术是将来自国外的高科技建筑设计策略与当地的低科技建筑方法相结合，创造出一种“耐热化”的数字美学。 建筑师还运用了各式各样的技术策略，其中有参数化设计、数字环境模拟技术和数字制作设计，并且制作低技术劳动力的教学指南，再结合使用简单的当地材料构建参数化可转动的混凝土外墙表皮，以及定制的数字化家具和内墙板。
From the architect. For this Factory and Office Annex in São Paulo Brazil, a ‘high-low’ fusion was employed, where high-tech architectural design strategies imported from abroad were combined with local low-tech construction methodologies to create a ‘tropicalized’ digital aesthetic. Parametric design, digital environmental simulation, and digital fabrication were employed to design and prepare the instructional guides for a low-tech labor force using simple local materials to construct a parametrically rotating concrete-block façade screen, as well as custom-made digitally fabricated furniture and internal wall panels.
© Rodrigo Chust
轴测图/Axonométrica
建筑的整体意图是通过经济、环保但新颖的设计手段，为工厂综合体营造出当代工业的氛围。附属大楼位于Taboãoda Serra的圣保罗工业郊区，在一个现有工厂前的一个错层场地上。双层的底层空间包含一个全新的机械化原料储存设备，一楼和二楼专用于工厂的行政办公，最后一层为工厂产品展示厅。
The overall intent of the building was to provide an economical, environmentally sensitive, yet novel design to give a contemporary industrial identity to the factory complex. The annex building houses various programs on a split level site in front of an existing factory in the São Paulo industrial suburb of Taboão da Serra. The double-height ground floor space contains a new mechanized-loaded raw material storage facility, the first and second floors are dedicated to administrative office space for the factory, and the final floor is a show-room for factory products.
© Rodrigo Chust
这是巴西第一次使用数字设计和制造来设计构建基于组件的外观系统。这种设计手法借鉴了巴西传统的“cobogo”遮阳屏幕，建筑表皮通过南面和西面的可操作窗户来间接控制、过滤太阳光，同时还可以防止热空气渗透进入室内空间。新附属建筑的北侧与现有的工厂大楼相连，而东立面被树木和邻近的墙体遮蔽，建筑同时向主要风向敞开，让室内空间产生自然交叉通风，从而为室内空间带来凉爽的气息，另外，自然光的照射也为空间带来独特的光影效果。
This is the first time in Brazil that a differentiating component-based façade system is built using digital design and fabrication. In reference to the traditional Brazilian ‘cobogo’ shading screen, this environmental ‘second skin’ controls the filtration of indirect sun-light through the operable windows on the south and west facades, while also creating a thermal mass which prevents the penetration of hot air in the interior spaces. The north side of the new annex is connected to the existing factory building, while the east façade is partially shaded by the trees and neighboring wall, and open to prevailing wind directions which allow for a cross natural ventilation of the space. The interior space is thus cool and bathed in a bright diffused natural light highlighted by a phenomenological play of shadow and light along the circulation spaces in the late afternoon.
© Rodrigo Chust
参数计算用于生成各种几何配置从而创建不同的环境性能场景，并且也通过这种方法来建造外墙。参数脚本产生了由不同的“吸引点”的距离，从而控制外墙块体的不同旋转角度，这样就产生了不同尺寸、不同角度的光反射面，这些平面通过数字环境模拟进行测试，再产生阴影和照度的最佳组合。 在整个初始设计过程中采用数字化制作，以生产各种模俱和原型，从而形成不同的结构选型。
Parametric computation was used for both the generation of various geometric configurations to create different environmental performance scenarios, as well as for a method to construct the façade itself. The parametric scripts generated subtle gradations of varying rotation angles of the blocks, controlled by their distance from different ‘attraction points’. This thus generated different sized openings and differently- angled light reflection planes, which were tested using digital environmental simulation to generate the best combination of both shading and illuminance. Digital fabrication was employed throughout the initial design process to produce various models and prototypes to develop different structural and fabrication options.
© Rodrigo Chust
施工时，使用与数字模型相同的旋转角度在现场安装混凝土块，参数化脚本创建了梳子状“导轨”来定位由激光切割瓦楞纸板而制成的块体。 这些导轨被放置在使用CNC路由器且由胶合板制成的可移动木架和轨道系统上。 混凝土砌块只需将砖块对准导轨，并在每个块体上添加垂直钢筋，并将它们连接到底部和顶部混凝土板，从而获得结构稳定性。
To mount the concrete blocks on site using the same rotations as those in the digital model, a parametric script created comb-like ‘guides’ to position the blocks, which were made by laser-cutting corrugated cardboard. Theses guides were placed on a moveable wood stand and track system that were fabricated of plywood using the CNC router. The concrete block mason only had to position the blocks against the guides and add vertical reinforcing bar in every other block, attached to the bottom and top concrete slabs, to obtain structural stability.
© Rodrigo Chust
这种将参数化设计和数字制作与简单施工技术和现场材料相结合的制造工艺，为人们展示了“高低”融合技术的过程， SUBdV建筑事务所通过建筑协会访问学校研讨会的实验将其应用于各种建筑的施工过程和研究项目中，这些作品直接建造于巴西。将“高科技”方法（参数计算和数字化制作）与“低技术”施工方法和廉价的当地材料（在该项目中是混凝土）相结合可以形成“耐热化”建筑，同时也带来一种全新的巴西传统设计策略，这种策略与当地越发普遍的参数化审美并不相同。同时，建筑的立面造型还说明了以前由SUBdV建筑事务所研究的另一个概念：“环境装饰”的概念，其中外墙上的装饰不再被认为是装饰，而是成为特定环境的有效元素，从而为建设文化创造了新的“功能审美”。使用参数计算和数字制作来创建装饰墙板、楼梯护栏和办公室的家具，通过数字化策略而设计的穿孔墙板和护栏能够在开放式办公布局中吸收噪音，并且还为工业上的单色混凝土结构和墙壁提供彩色和有纹理的特殊外观。所有的墙板、护栏，以及家具部件均采用数控铣床技术进行切割，避免使用金属五金件，从而创造出独特的美感。这些桌子双面可用，中间有一个用于电缆的嵌入式通道，中央分隔板则用来保护用户之间的隐私。
This fabrication process that links parametric design and digital fabrication to simple construction techniques and materials on site illustrates the process of ‘HIGH-LOW’, which SUBdV architects have applied on various building and research projects through experiments made during the Architectural Association Visiting School workshops, which they direct in Brazil. This process of combining ‘high-technology’ methodology (parametric computation and digital fabrication) with ‘low-technology’ construction methods and cheap local materials, (in this case the concrete blocks), can ‘tropicalize’ and give a new and critical Brazilian identity to digital design, to escape the growing ubiquitous and generic quality of the contemporary parametric aesthetic. At the same time, the façade also illustrates another concept that has been studied previously by SUBdV architects: that of ‘environmental ornamentation’, where ornament on a façade is no longer perceived as merely decoration, but becomes a useful element to produce a specific environmental performance, thus creating a new type of ‘functional aesthetic’ for building culture. Parametric computation and digital fabrication were used to create decorative wall panels, stair guard-rails and the furniture for the office. The digitally designed perforated wall panels and guard-rails were conceived so to absorb sound in the open-plan of the new office layout, and to also give a multi-colored and textured aesthetic to the industrial monochromatic concrete structure and walls. All the wall panels and guard rails, as well as the components of the furniture were cut using the CNC router, and detailed with CNC milled box-joints, avoiding the use of metal hardware, thus creating a playful aesthetic. The tables were designed with a two-sided arrangement with an embedded channel in the middle for electric cables, and central dividing panels for privacy between users.
© Rodrigo Chust
© Rodrigo Chust
图解/Diagram
剖面图/Section
建筑设计：SUBdV建筑事务所
位置：巴西 圣保罗
面积：500.0 m2
项目年份：2014年
摄影：Rodrigo Chust
制造商：Francisco de Andrade, Coelho Metal Esquadrias, Claudio Moreira
作者：Franklin Lee, Anne Save de Beaurecueil
结构：Projetec
防碰撞工程：William de Vianna
施工：Udemar Empreiteira
混凝土块安装：Lenox (Mason Dodinha)
Architects: SUBdV
Location: Rod. Régis Bittencourt, 272 - Centro, Taboão da Serra - SP, Brazil
Area: 500.0 m2
Project Year: 2014
Photographs: Rodrigo Chust
Manufacturers: Francisco de Andrade, Coelho Metal Esquadrias, Claudio Moreira
Authors: Franklin Lee, Anne Save de Beaurecueil
Structure: Projetec
MEP Engineer: William de Vianna
Constructor: Udemar Empreiteira
Concrete Block Installation: Lenox (Mason Dodinha)
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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