Lumière Cinema Maastricht / JHK Architecten + Verlaan & Bouwstra architecten
由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译
来自建筑事务所的描述。由荷兰马斯特里赫特市议会委托，JHK建筑事务所与Verlaan＆Bouwstra建筑事务所合作，改造了马斯特里赫特Sphinx工厂的前电站和锅炉房。经过修复和改造工程，原有建筑现已成为马斯特里赫特Lumière 电影院。
From the architect. Commissioned by Maastricht City Council, JHK Architecten, working together with Verlaan & Bouwstra architecten, has transformed the former electric power station and boiler houses of the Sphinx factory in Maastricht. After extensive restoration and renovation, the listed power station has now become the new accommodation for the Maastricht cinema Lumière.
© Marcel van der Burg
在1910年，这个综合体属于“Timmerfabriek”新文化建筑群，位于Boschstraat的内陆港口“Bassin”。这个综合体的重建是城市发展项目“BelvédèreBinnensingel”的一部分，其中文化聚落将为今后在马斯特里赫特中心以北的工业区未来复兴提供推动力。
The 1910 complex is part of the new culture cluster of ‘the Timmerfabriek’ and is located on the inland harbour ‘the Bassin’ on Boschstraat. The redevelopment of this complex is part of the urban development project ‘Belvédère Binnensingel’, within which the culture cluster will serve as a boost for the future redevelopment of this former industrial area to the north of the centre of Maastricht.
© Marcel van der Burg
© Cor Bouwstra
© Marcel van der Burg
该综合体由四座建筑组成：一个机器大厅、两个后方的锅炉房、以及连接机房与其他建筑物的木工车间。装饰精美的机房成为电影院的咖啡厅或餐厅空间。旧蒸汽机房的一楼则转变成为时尚的工业餐厅。在一楼，在蒸汽机的旧砖石基地之间，设有餐厅的厨房和一个独立的酒吧，这些区域直接连接到Bassin露台。
The complex consists of four buildings: the listed machine hall at the corner of the Bassin, two boiler houses directly behind and a carpentry workshop which links the machine hall to the other buildings in the culture cluster. The beautifully decorated listed machine hall now provides space for the cinema’s café/restaurant facility. The first floor, where the old steam machines used to be located, has been transformed into a stylish industrial restaurant in the middle of the old installations. On the ground floor, between the old masonry foundations of the steam machines, is the restaurant kitchen and a separate bar area directly connected to the terrace on the Bassin.
剖面图/Section
剖面图/Section
© Marcel van der Burg
在后面的锅炉房是六个新的电影院，共有500个座位，几个空间相互堆叠而成。其中最大的三个观影空间则设置于半地下室，为大厅里留下了足够的空间，其中运用了标志性的屋顶结构。这个位于地下的电影院代表了一系列的建筑改造措施，这些措施包含有许多技术性突破，从而创造了独特的建筑综合体。餐厅楼板高于一层地面，在半地下的电影院之上，因此这四栋建筑将通过这个空间彼此相连，因此，电影院的游客可以直接从餐厅进入锅炉房，也可以进入六座电影院。
In the boiler houses behind are the six new cinemas, with a total capacity of 500 seats, stacked according to the box-within-a-box principle. The three largest have been installed in a half-submerged basement construction, which has left sufficient space in the halls to continue experiencing the iconic roof structures. This basement with the new cinemas represents an organizing intervention that together with a number of tactical breakthroughs of the various buidings has created a single, clear and surprising complex. The restaurant level, the elevated ground floor, continues above the half-submerged cinemas so that the four buildings could be linked with each other at this level. As a result, visitors to the cinemas can walk straight into the boiler houses from the restaurant and access one of the six cinemas from the elevated ground floor.
© Marcel van der Burg
© Marcel van der Burg
三个大电影院都配备了“抛物线式座位”，这意味着电影院后面的座位逐排上升。因此，观众在每个座位上都拥有完美的视角，而位于舞台上的人也可以看到位于各处的观众，从而增加了电影的体验之感。此外，这种特殊的座位形式也有利于声学设计。
The three large cinemas are equipped with so-called ‘parabolic tiered seating’ which means that the seating at the back of the cinema rises up gradually. As a result, you have an excellent view of the screen from every seat, but you can also see the rows in front of and behind you which increases the feeling of a shared cinema experience. In addition, this special form of seating is reflected in the acoustic wall cladding by having the height of the panels correspond with the landings in the tiers of seating.
底层平面图/Ground Floor Plan
电影院的入口处设于相邻的前木工车间内。这里曾经是一条位于车间和发电厂之间的胡同，后来则被封闭起来。从这个封闭的间隙中仍然可以清晰地体验到内部环境，因为它与发电厂的老式侧墙相连接。后来，这个区域便成为了电影院的入口，人们可以通过新通道和楼梯来到电影院的中心区域。
The entrance to the cinema is housed in the adjacent former carpentry workshop. There used to be an alley between the workshop and the power station which was later closed off. This closed gap can be clearly experienced internally because the old side wall of the power station can still be seen inside. This later filled-in zone forms the entrance to the cinema, from where people can ascend to the centre of the cinema via a new passage and a ‘lazy’ staircase.
© Marcel van der Burg
在入口旁边，木工车间的底层有一条公共通道，它将建筑物的内部庭院连接到Bassin。在这条通道上方是Lumière办事处，而在Cour的一侧，由于高度差异较大，街道直接连接到建筑的一楼，所以这里设有一个额外的多功能空间。
Outside, beside the entrance, a public passageway has been made on the ground floor of the carpentry workshop, which links the inner courtyard of the building block, ‘the Cour’, to the Bassin. Above this passageway are the Lumière offices, and on the Cour side, where the street level connects to the first floor due to the large height difference, an extra multifunctional space has been situated.
© Marcel van der Burg
这个木工车间是国内最早的一个钢筋混凝土的施工实例。这种施工原理意味着梁、板和柱都同时浇铸，从而将结构变得细长，这个建筑物的结构部分明显得到加强，尤其是在中间层，人们仍然可以从墙壁的内部看到上层最细长的立柱。
The carpentry workshop is one of the earliest and most slender examples of a ‘Hennebique’ construction. This construction principle means that beams, floors and columns are all cast at the same time, so that extremely slender constructions could be realized. The construction of this building has been significantly reinforced, particularly under the intermediate floor, but the most slender columns on the upper floor can still be seen from the inside in the Cour wall, even after the repurposing.
一层平面图/Floor Plan +1
建筑师运用了巨大的高差，将综合体中的大型电影院放置在Cour的下方，因此，建筑师预留出了与后方建筑连接的区域，并且也为综合体未来的扩建留下了空间。
The large cinema in the complex has been placed under the level of the Cour by making use of the great height difference between the Cour and the Bassin at the front of the power station. As a result, the desired future connection to the adjacent Sappi site directly behind the complex can be realized and there will also be room for future developments where the entire Cour will be enclosed.
© Marcel van der Burg
多年来，这个复杂的建筑已经经过多次扩建和重建，甚至已经多年不再运用。建筑师通过将这些复杂的地下设施以及机器般复杂的空间结合在一起，从而为这些废弃建筑赋予了新的功能，而这些功能也正为大众所需要。甚至连电影院的厕所也具有独特的设计感。厕所位于发电站旁砖石拱门的下方，主要使用者是工厂的工人。而餐厅旁边的厕所则是一个明亮的空间，其层高较高，上面设置有美丽的灯光和经典的绿色瓷砖，厕所单元便存在于这样一个独特的空间里。电影院的厕所则位于建筑前的小巷里，以前的古老外墙被完全保留，为细心的游客留下了斑驳的历史痕迹。
The complex, which has been extended and rebuilt over the years, was full of abandoned technical areas, some of which had even been bricked up for years. By combining the basement construction, which fits into the complex like a machine, with clever routing it has been possible to give all these areas a new function, and most are now accessible to the public. Even the cinema toilets are worth a visit now because of this. Toilets were realized under the heavy masonry arches of a former railway line next to the power station, which was used to transport coal for the boilers. The toilet group next to the restaurant is however in a bright high-ceilinged space with beautiful light from above and classic green tiles, where the unit with the toilets and washstands are now free-standing in the space. The toilets for the cinemas are located in the former alley between the buildings. The former outside wall was left in full view here so that the history of the complex has been left visible for the observant visitor.
© Marcel van der Burg
© Marcel van der Burg
由于综合体由一些不同的建筑构成，而每座建筑都有自己的特点，所以在技术上，建筑师对每座建筑都运用了不同的处理方式。为了能够以坚固耐用的方式恢复严重破旧的锅炉房，建筑师拆除了破损严重的原有砌体部分，但将钢结构整体保留下来。然后运用更加舒适耐用的材料重新建造了墙体。通过这种方法，综合体得以整体保存，甚至其中的钢结构也被保留下来。这种做法让现有建筑的下方形成一个地下早，从而让上部空间更加完整。古老的机房经过修复与翻新尽量保持原有形态。建筑的原有结构也在不改变外观的基础上被尽可能保留。
Since the complex consists of extremely diverse buildings, each with its own condition and status, every building was tackled in a different way, technically speaking. In order to be able to restore the heavily dilapidated boiler houses in a sound and durable way, the masonry, which was in a very bad state, was removed and the steel construction was preserved in its entirety. The walls were then rebricked and insulated, so that a much more comfortable and durable entity was created. By opting for this approach, the complex could be preserved in its entirety, including the slender steel constructions. At the same time, this approach made it possible to construct a basement under the existing buildings for the cinemas, which meant that space was left in the halls to experience the halls as a whole. The listed machine hall has been restored and renovated as well as possible. As a basis, the choice was made here to retain with improvements where possible, without changing the appearance of the monument too greatly.
© Marcel van der Burg
整体而言，这是一个宏伟的项目，Sphinx工业遗址与如此先进的电影院以及如此受欢迎的餐厅相结合，而独特的电影院又处在一个特别的位置！
As a whole, it is a magnificent complex, where the industrial heritage of the Sphinx has been combined with state-of-the-art cinemas and an extensive and welcoming restaurant in a wonderful atmosphere: a unique cinema at a unique location!
© Marcel van der Burg
© Marcel van der Burg
© Marcel van der Burg
© Marcel van der Burg
© Cor Bouwstra
© Cor Bouwstra
© Marcel van der Burg
© Marcel van der Burg
图解/Diagram
建筑事务所：JHK Architecten, Verlaan & Bouwstra architecten
项目位置：荷兰，马斯特里赫特
建筑面积：3750.0 m2
项目年份：2016年
制造商：Desso Hospitality Carpets, Mosa, MHB, Merford
主承包商：LAUDY Bouw & Ontwikkeling
结构工程师：Arcadis
building
服务顾问：Deerns
建筑物理顾问：DPA Cauberg-Huygen
室内设计餐厅和入口：Dorine de Vos and Rosie Stapel
业主：Gemeente Maastricht
Architects: JHK Architecten, Verlaan & Bouwstra architecten
Location: Bassin 88, 6211 Maastricht,The Netherlands
Area: 3750.0 m2
Project Year: 2016
Manufacturers: Desso Hospitality Carpets, Mosa, MHB, Merford
Main Contractor: LAUDY Bouw & Ontwikkeling
Structural Engineer: Arcadis
building
Services Adviser: Deerns
Building Physics Adviser: DPA Cauberg-Huygen
Interior Design Restaurant and Entrance: Dorine de Vos and Rosie Stapel
Client: Gemeente Maastricht
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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