In Situ建筑事务所使北卡罗来纳州的Nolintha废弃砖房重获新生
In Situ Studio revitalises dilapidated brick Nolintha Residence in North Carolina

由专筑网王帅，邢子编译

In Situ建筑事务所翻修并扩建了一座目前已变成废墟的美国四方形住宅，他们需要克服已经腐烂的装饰和破碎的砖头灰浆等带来的困难。

这座Nolintha住宅位于北卡罗来纳州首府罗利。客户是一对兄妹，他们是成功的餐馆老板，他们聘请当地In Situ建筑事务所将这座20世纪20年代的美国四方形风格红砖住宅彻底翻修。在19世纪末和20世纪初，这些简单的、四四方方的住宅以其高效的使用布局而闻名，每一层包括典型的四个房间。

Architecture firm In Situ Studio needed to overcome rotting trim and crumbling brick mortar to renovate and slightly enlarge an American foursquare-style dwelling that had fallen into shambles.
The Nolintha Residence is located in Raleigh, the state capital of North Carolina. The clients – a brother and sister who are successful restaurateurs – hired local firm In Situ Studio to overhaul the 1920s red brick home designed in an American Foursquare style. Popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the simple, boxy homes were known for their efficient layouts, with each floor typically containing four rooms.

建筑师们的任务是创建一座现代化的住宅，令它拥有一个共用的起居室和三个独立的卧室套房，其中一个卧室可以招待客人居住。客户亦希望该住宅改造后可用于大型活动。

建筑师说：“这座房子是我们客户的第一套房子，这个项目非同一般，需要翻修一个衰败的、历史悠久的四方形建筑，翻新后能够用来聚会，并提供三个单独的居住套房”。

The architects were tasked with creating a modern home with a shared living area and three separate bedroom suites, one of which could accommodate guests. The clients also wanted the dwelling to be suitable for large events.
"This house is our clients' first home, and the programme they presented was unusual – the renovation of a decaying, historic four-square to accommodate food-related events and provide three separate living suites," said the architects.

房子的恶劣现状使这个项目极其复杂。在外观上，部分砖灰浆已经变成粉末，装饰也已老化，灰浆接缝处漏出来的水使得墙壁已经腐烂。

内部装饰也同样破败不堪。多年来，这栋建筑被分成三套公寓，租户共用浴室和厨房。为了提高入住率，所以使用起来并不方便。

Complicating the project was the home's poor condition. On the exterior, certain portions of the brick mortar had turned into powder, and the trim was deteriorating. The walls were also rotting, due to water leaking through open mortar joints.
The interior was equally dilapidated. Over the years, the building had been divided into three apartments, with tenants sharing the bathrooms and kitchen. Odd measures had been taken to accommodate the multiple occupancies.

建筑师们说：“至少可以说，为实现这一点而对空间进行的划分是很随意的，而且几个对承重条件的改变导致了屋顶、天花板和地板之间以一种奇怪的方式组合在一起。”

由于这所房子的年代久远，该设计小组面临着罗利历史街区委员会(RHDC)施加的某些限制条件。正立面需要在很大程度上保持不变，并且，在后部的附加部分不能“降低结构的历史特色”，另外，该建筑的后方在20世纪70年代已经被翻修过。

"The subdivision of space to make this possible was haphazard to say the least, and several suspect changes to load-bearing conditions had caused roof, ceiling and floor spans to rely on one another in eccentric ways," said the architects.
Because of the home's age, the team faced certain restrictions imposed by the Raleigh Historic District Commission (RHDC). The front elevation needed to remain largely unaltered, and any additions in the rear – which already had been modified in the 1970s – could not "distract from the historic structure".

作为回应，该设计小组修复了砖块饰面，并在正面和侧面进行了修整。在建筑后部，砖块被纤维水泥搭接面板取代，并安装了新的窗户。建筑师在二楼增加了一小部分空间，并修建了一个有遮盖的门廊。

In response, the team repaired the brick veneer and trim on the front and side facades. In the rear, brick was replaced with fibre-cement lap siding and new windows were installed. A small addition was made to the upper level, and a covered porch was created.

在室内，整个房屋都被重新装修了。许多室内木结构框架被拆除和重建，其中包括“从屋顶到现有的地基之间、以及在大跨度区域安装新的结构构件”。

Inside, the home was completely gutted. Much of the interior wood framing was dismantled and rebuilt, which included "installing new structural members from the roof down to existing foundations and in areas of over-spanning".

首层被改造成一个开放的、光线充足的公共区域，这个区域的视野空间从前部一直延伸到后院。两个现有的并没有实际功能的的壁炉被保留。一个位于中心，被改造存储空间和支撑元素，而另一个是位于西墙，面向餐厅。

设计小组表示：“楼下唯一留下的元素是中间、西墙的两个壁炉，因为拆除这两个壁炉会对结构的完整性造成很大的破坏，所以选择了保留。”

The ground level was converted into an open, light-filled public zone, with views from the front half to the backyard. Two existing, non-working fireplaces were retained. One is situated in the center of the floor and was converted into a unit for storage and support elements, while the other is located on the west wall and faces the dining room.
"The only elements remaining downstairs are the central and west wall fireplace masses, which would have been too destructive to the integrity of the structure to dismantle," the team said.

团队沿着东墙在原来的窗户前修建了一个新的楼梯，这个楼梯通往中央走廊。三间卧室套房被设置在楼上，其中两间给兄妹二人，另一间为招待客人使用。

该团队表示：“这些空间是完全独立的，采光良好，并且面向周围和罗利市中心的优美景色”。

Along the east wall, the team created a new staircase that passes in front of original windows and arrives at a central hallway. Three bedrooms suites were placed upstairs – one for each sibling, and one for guests.
"These spaces are completely separate from one another, filled with light, and oriented towards beautiful views of the surrounding context and downtown Raleigh," the team said.

房子的地下室也被改造了。虽然多年来它一直保持干燥和完整，但它的边缘带和相邻的地板托梁被水和昆虫破坏了。下面的空间翻修后用作仓库和为安置机械设备做准备。

建筑师们说：“新设备位于地下室，地下室被清理干净，并用于储物。这所房屋曾经濒临无法修复的边缘，而现在它能够为业主再服务50年。”

The home's basement was also modified. While it had remained dry and intact over the years, its edge band and adjacent floor joists had been ruined by water and insects. The below-grade space was refurbished and prepped for storage and mechanical equipment.
"New systems were located in the basement, which was cleaned out and reserved for storage," the architects said. "The finished house, once on the verge of being unrecoverable, now has another 50 years of service ahead."

In Situ建筑事务所成立于2010年，他们完成了在其家乡北卡罗来纳州的一些住宅项目。其他的还有Ocotea House，其中包括复兴一个近些年被改造过的二十世纪中叶的现代住宅。

摄影：Keith Isaacs

Founded in 2010, In Situ Studio has completed a number of residential projects in its home state of North Carolina. Others include Ocotea House, which involved reviving a mid-century-modern home that had been significantly altered over the years.
Photography is by Keith Isaacs.

项目信息：
建筑设计：In Situ建筑事务所
客户：Vansana和Vanvisa Nolintha
承包人：东南房地产开发公司
结构工程：Lysaght & Associates结构工程师

Project credits:
Architect: In Situ Studio
Clients: Vansana and Vanvisa Nolintha
Contractor: Southeastern Properties and Development Company
Structural engineer: Lysaght & Associates Structural Engineers


出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。