西班牙马德里托幼中心
093 • Save The Children / elii

由专筑网李韧，邢子编译

来自建筑事务所的描述：该项目的委托方是拯救儿童基金会（Save The Children Foundation），是这个非政府组织的试点项目。建筑位于圣地亚哥地区，项目包含现有建筑的翻新与扩建，从而满足托幼中心的各项功能需要。建筑师所提出的方案是在现有建筑的上方增加一座新的体量，并且结合全新的立面系统和服务设施来进行设计。

Text description provided by the architects. The building for Save The Children Foundation is a strategic point in the San Diego neighbourhood for the social work that this NGO carries out in the Vallecas area. The project involves the refurbishment and extension of the current building so as to address the needs of a child care centre. The proposal is based on adding a new body that is suspended over the existing structure. This extends the building and configures a new façade, as well as a new communications and service core.



以下是该项目的具体措施：

1、现有建筑的翻新。建筑师设计了多项策略来翻新这座建于20世纪50年代的主体建筑：（a）现有结构的加固；（b）建筑后部的部分拆除，结合建筑的交流与服务部分，满足主要空间的技术与功能设施需要；（c）屋顶部分的深化设计，结合通高空间，充分利用两个退台之间的场所，以达到交叉通风的效果；（d）通过屋檐、雨棚、绿化的设置，深化立面系统。这些策略能够解决太阳辐射问题，同时表达STC基金会在场地中的全新形象；（e）通过合理的功能配置来优化建筑类型，并且满足儿童建筑的各项规范要求，另外，保持建筑空间的灵活性，为未来的发展留下空间。

The following operations are projected:
1. Refurbishment of the architectural support. A series of architectural actuations serve to update the body of this 1950s building: (a) refurbishment and consolidation of the existing structure. (b) Partial demolition of the rear of the building to integrate a new communications and service core, in compliance with current regulations guaranteeing the technical and functional performance of the main rooms. (c) Extension of the top floor, which uses up the allowed building surface with a two-level space, arranged between two terraces to favour cross-ventilation. (d) Refurbishment of the façade using a system of eaves, canopies and flower pots suspended from the top floor. This solves the problem of the (non-existent) heat insulation and the regulation of the solar radiation, while at the same time configuring the new image of the STC Foundation in the square. (e) Functional organisation to optimise the typology so that it complies with the demanding regulatory requirements for buildings to be used by children while at the same time maintaining the maximum programmatic flexibility for other potential future uses.





2、情感需求。建筑师添加了一些特定要素，以促进空间的相互融合与适应，从而满足使用者的情感需求。一些诸如照顾小动物、种植植物等现代儿童教育的研究方法，在项目中得以体现，同时也促进了孩子们的自信心、责任感、爱心的增长，这些策略也在建筑空间中很好地表达出来，例如空间形式、材质、色彩、家具，以及一些细部设施，其中包含：（a）有利于空间协作整合方式，例如教室中的可移动面板或便携式家具（图书室中的轮式货架），这些物件都能够以不同的方式塑造空间，从而加强孩子们与家具体系之间的互动；（b）激发孩子们爱心的元素，例如位于不同空间内的盆栽植物和小动物；（c）刺激感官要素的建筑材料，例如建筑师在休息室中运用了具有外部特征的建筑材料，另外广场上的铺地与室内门厅运用了同样材质，并且直接与游戏房相连接，强调了室内外空间的连贯性；（d）充分结合孩子们的愿望。在项目投标过程中，建筑师让孩子们来描述内心所渴望的空间效果，然后尽量地满足他们，不过诸如“在每个楼层都设置巧克力喷泉”这样的心愿则很难实现，不过有的孩子就希望“能够从房间里看到星星”，所以建筑师在设计中，就在屋面上设置了天窗。总的来说，这些策略让建筑更加充满了情感，让孩子们更加愿意在这里玩耍，并且与建筑产生一定的情感共鸣。

2. Stimulating affection. The building is equipped with certain elements to allow interaction and appropriation of the spaces by the users as well as an emotional attachment to the new headquarters. The study of some modern child care methodologies highlights the relevance of practices that encourage self-confidence, responsibility and affection for others, such as the care of pets or plants. Some of these approaches are transferred to the architectural support with a series of spatial, material, chromatic, furniture and design actuations, such as (a) Integration of mechanisms that favour a collaborative arrangement of spaces, including moving panels (in the classrooms) or portable furniture (the system of wheeled shelves in the library). They all help to structure the space in different ways and strengthen the bond between the users and the spaces. (b) Incorporation of elements that encourage care, such as plants (in the pots) and some ‘architectural pets’ (integrated within the various spaces) that will be cared for collectively. (c) Stimulation of perception by using certain materials. For instance, some of the finishes of the waiting room reflect the outside, the paving of the square flows into the hall up to the waiting room and introduces it into the building and the enclosure connects directly with the game area, breaking the barrier between the inside and the outside. (d) Incorporation of the kids’ wishes. During the bidding process, children of different ages wrote a ‘wish list’ to show how they imagined the new space. Some of their requests, such as ‘installing a chocolate fountain on each floor’ were difficult to implement in the project. Others, however, such as ‘being able to see the stars from the rooms’ have been converted into different architectural elements, such as the skylight on the roof of the screening room. In short, this set of actuations is an attempt to turn the building into a ‘pet’, to make gaming easier and to stimulate a relationship of affection towards the centre.





3、能源策略。建筑师采用了一系列主动与被动生物能源策略，来满足新风空调系统的使用需求：(a)设计全新的绝缘立面和交叉通风系统；（b）通过屋檐和雨棚形成遮阳效果，让建筑冬暖夏凉，减少夏季空调和冬季供暖系统的使用；（c）建筑立面结合绿色植物，来调节室内的温度与湿度；（d）设置地下供暖/冷却系统。通过这些要素，这座建筑满足了能源认证需求，减少了后期维护成本，同时让儿童、游客、以及服务人员感到舒适。

3. Energy strategy. A series of basic active and passive bioclimate measures have been presented to complement the comprehensive air conditioning strategy: (a) Design of a new insulated enclosure and cross ventilation whenever possible. (b) Façade system formed by canopies and eaves that reduce energy consumption for cooling in summer and heating in winter. (c) Incorporation of plants on the façade to help regulate temperature and moisture during the summer months. (d) Cold/hot conditioning system by means of underfloor heating. Thanks to all these elements, the building has the best possible energy certification, reduces its maintenance costs, while the comfort of the children, visitors and workers is ensured.







4、建筑阶段与更新。为了缩短项目施工时间和减少预算需求，建筑师只是对建筑的基础硬件设施进行了更新，同时让基金会先在周边地区进行日常的办公事务。另外，一些建筑相关策略同样也结合在硬件更新之中，来适应建筑的新功能，同时也满足基金会的未来需求。这些元素包括：（a）将主要露台封闭，从而形成温室，以配合空调系统；（b）在屋顶设置太阳能系统，用来收集光伏能源；（c）结合全新的空调系统；（d）灵活的集成家具系统。

4. Phases and updates. In order to shorten the schedule and lower the required budget, the project has been presented as the essential refurbishment of a ‘basic’ hardware to allow the Foundation to start its work in the neighbourhood. Nevertheless, a number of building actuation protocols may also be incorporated so it is possible at a later date to include new elements in the ‘hardware’, adjust the performance and update the main structure as the needs of the NGO evolve. These elements include: (a) Closing of the main terrace with a greenhouse, which will be part of the active air conditioning system. (b) Possibility of incorporating solar photovoltaic energy on the roof, thanks to the optimal geometry and inclination for solar collection. (c) Implementation of new air conditioning elements. (d) Integration of new convertible furniture, etc.





多种设计方式充分挖掘了建筑的各项潜力，满足不同的功能需求。这些策略由3个评审团队共同投票决定，分别是专家代表团、成人代表团，以及儿童代表团。

These operations extract the full potential of the building by means of a programme that is both exciting and functional, as decided by the three juries (the experts, the personnel and the children) that participated in the voting.
































               
建筑设计：elii
地点：西班牙 马德里
主创建筑师：Ana López
项目负责人：Uriel Fogué, Eva Gil, Carlos Palacios
竞标团队：Eduardo Castillo, María Rodríguez, Irene de Santos, Ana Castaño
执行项目团队：Eduardo Castillo, María Rodríguez, Irene de Santos, Carlos Moles, Paula Rodríguez, Lucía Fernández
面积：483.0 m2
项目时间：2018年
摄影：ImagenSubliminal
建筑技术：Dirtec - Javier González, Javier Mach
模型：Ana López, Lucía Fernández, Eduardo Castillo, Laura Barros, Telmo Sagartzazu
推广方： Save The Children Foundation

Architect: elii
Location: Villa de Vallecas, Madrid, Spain
Architect in Charge: Ana López
Author Architectes: Uriel Fogué, Eva Gil, Carlos Palacios
Competition Ream: Eduardo Castillo, María Rodríguez, Irene de Santos, Ana Castaño
Execution Project Team: Eduardo Castillo, María Rodríguez, Irene de Santos, Carlos Moles, Paula Rodríguez, Lucía Fernández
Area: 483.0 m2
Project Year: 2018
PhotographsvImagenSubliminal
Technical Architects: Dirtec - Javier González, Javier Mach
Models: Ana López, Lucía Fernández, Eduardo Castillo, Laura Barros, Telmo Sagartzazu
Promotor: Fundación Save The Children