The Most Anticipated Projects of 2019
由专筑网李韧，邢子编译
2018年已经结束，在接下来的2019年，哪些项目令我们期待呢？小编为大家列出了多年来始终在进行的项目，这些项目要么经历了方向性的错误，要么经历了施工暂停，但是建筑的建造就是需要大量的时间与资金，更不用说受到一些政策因素的影响了。
那么考虑到不断变化的因素，以下的这些项目也有着相似之处，这些特征不仅仅是巧合，而是显而易见的。由于2020年世博会与2022年世界杯的举办，卡塔尔在未来将成为重大建筑项目的主要场所。而在纽约，诸如哈德逊广场等大型项目也成为了21世纪的建筑乌龙。
那么就像以下的一些案例那样，大量的项目都属于文化类型，同时也关注了不容忽视的国家遗产。有趣的是，许多遗产的发展却充满了政治色彩，金钱的作用不容小觑。
那么，让我们先来一睹为快。
As 2018 winds to a close, we've started to look ahead to the projects we're most looking forward to in 2019. Many of the projects listed here have been in the works for years, having experienced the frustrating false starts and lulls that come in a profession dependent on long-term and significant capital investment, not to mention changing politics.
With those shifting tides in mind, there are similarities and harmonies between some of the following works that seem to go beyond mere coincidence. Some are obvious. Qatar is to be the site of a number of major works in the coming years, an architectural boom tied to its status as host of major world events such as Expo2020 and the 2022 World Cup. In New York, the Hudson Yards megaproject will be the site of not one, but two architectural follies for the 21st century.
As is always the case in these architecture roundups, a vast number of these projects are cultural, but there is a specific and shared focus on national heritage that shouldn't go unnoticed. It's a particularly intriguing development as heritage has and continues to become imbued with fraught political meaning. Money speaks.
Below, the projects we most look forward to seeing in 2019:
台北艺术中心/ OMA
Image © OMA
Image © OMA
Image © Philippe Rualt
Image © Philippe Rualt
Image © OMA
Image © OMA
在2009年，OMA建筑事务所就已经拿下了这个项目，许多人们对这座建筑都十分期待。其设计方案已经众所皆知，那便是几个简单而又不同的体块的完美结合，这至今让人们感到很有未来气息。
在2014年的典礼上，ArchDaily的记者与OMA建筑事务所的项目合作伙伴David Gianotten进行了沟通，记者问：“我们常常说，这是真的吗？”David Gianotten解释：“因为这看起来非常和谐，因此其发展速度也超出了我们想象。”这个项目的开幕还没有具体日期，但是我们仍然应该拭目以待。
Taipei Performing Arts Centre / OMA
OMA's Taipei Performing Arts Centre has been hotly anticipated since the moment it was announced the winner of an international competition for the project in 2009. It's no secret as to why. The project is a striking mix of simple geometry and complex intention, and feels (despite being nearly a decade old) distinctly futuristic.
ArchDaily spoke to David Gianotten, the OMA partner in charge of the project, at the building's topping out ceremony in 2014. "We still sometimes say, 'is this real?'" he explains, "because it went in such harmony and at such a speed that happened to our own surprise." No official date has been set for the opening, but expect eyes to be firmly fixed on Taipei in 2019.
台北流行音乐中心/ Reiser Umemoto
Image Courtesy of Reiser Umemoto
Image Courtesy of Reiser Umemoto
Image Courtesy of Reiser Umemoto
Image Courtesy of Reiser Umemoto
Image Courtesy of Reiser Umemoto
Image Courtesy of Reiser Umemoto
Image Courtesy of Reiser Umemoto
台北这座城市非常注重艺术发展，那么接下来谈到的便是Reiser Uemoto设计的流行音乐中心，这是另外一座正在行进中的大型项目。这座建筑的独特之处在于其所处的当地氛围，自从项目公布以来，其知名度在全球范围内迅速上涨。
该项目包含有能够容纳数千人的展览空间，建筑面积62600平方米，在建成之后将成为世界第四大的独立博物馆。
Taipei Pop Music Centre / Reiser Umemoto
Taipei's investment in the arts continues in Reiser Umemoto's upcoming Pop Music Centre, another megaproject years in the making. The development's unique focus taps into a major local phenomenon - and one whose global popularity and influence has exploded in the years since the project was first announced.
The project, which will include performance spaces to accommodate multiple thousands, boasts an eye-popping 62,600m2 of floor area and will make it (upon its completion) the fourth largest freestanding museum in the world.
Vessel / Heatherwick Studio
Image © Heatherwick Studio. Image Courtesy VisualHouse-Nelson Byrd Woltz
Image © Heatherwick Studio. Image Courtesy VisualHouse-Nelson Byrd Woltz
Image Courtesy of Related-Oxford
Image © Heatherwick Studio. Images by Interior View of the Vessel. Image Courtesy of Forbes Massie
Image Courtesy of Related-Oxford
Image © Heatherwick Studio. Images by Interior View of the Vessel. Image Courtesy of Forbes Massie
这位英国设计师在2016年公布这个项目时就引发了轰动，这座建筑甚至受到了各种嘲讽，例如“纽约的埃菲尔铁塔”，亦或是“纽约最大的垃圾桶”等等，不过不管舆论如何，都不影响这座建筑成为Instagram的封面。
建筑大约于2019年春天开放，因此感兴趣的人们现在就可以开始规划行程。甚至还有免票的名额，如果足够幸运，那么在今年2月就能接到通知。
The prolific British designer caused a bit of a stir back in 2016 when this project was first announced. It's been alternately praised ("New York's Eiffel Tower") and derided ("New York's biggest wastebasket") - but it's fated to dominate Instagram feeds regardless of the shifting tides of public opinion.
Opening is loosely scheduled for spring 2019, but visitors interested in experiencing it for themselves would be wise to plan their trip now. Free tickets are already available for reservation; the lucky selectees will be notified in February with their timed slot.
小屋 / Diller Scofidio + Renfro
Image Diller Scofidio + Renfro and The Rockwell Group
Image Diller Scofidio + Renfro and The Rockwell Group
Photo by Ed Lederman.
Image Courtesy of Related-Oxford
Image Diller Scofidio + Renfro and The Rockwell Group
Diller Scofidio + Renfro事务所的这座建筑看起来也有些天方夜谭。该项目是沿着高线的充气温室，是这座城市中的另一个让人期待的文化空间。当然，这座建筑自身并没有多少变形的功能，所谓的“小屋”也只是8层文化项目的上部空间，目的是吸引人们到访。
如果说Vessel项目是哈德逊广场的吊灯，那么这座小屋有望成为它的壁炉。在2019年春天，我们就能感受到其中的奥妙。
The Shed / Diller Scofidio + Renfro
Just a stone's throw away from Heatherwick's Escher-like folly is Diller Scofidio + Renfro's more practical (though no less futuristic) Hudson Yards offering. The Shed - an expandable quilted greenhouse along the High Line - is another exciting cultural space in a city full of exciting cultural spaces. Of course, most of those buildings don't come with the ability to shapeshift. The titular 'Shed' is the cap on eight stories of cultural program, intended to appeal to tourists and locals alike.
If the Vessel is to be Hudson Yards' chandelier, The Shed hopes to be its hearth. We'll find out how true this is when it opens, alongside the Vessel, in spring 2019.
上海油罐艺术中心/ Open建筑事务所
Image Courtesy of OPEN Architecture
Image Courtesy of OPEN Architecture
Image Courtesy of OPEN Architecture
Image Courtesy of OPEN Architecture
Image Courtesy of OPEN Architecture
在中国，这些年来许多建筑师都争相应用一些新型结构，而后来，人们的目光似乎又转向了曾经的工业景观，那么其中一个典型的例子就是上海油罐，该项目由北京Open建筑事务所设计，建筑师将一系列曾经的油罐改造为艺术展览馆，并通过大型景观将这些展览馆连接在一起。
这个项目具有里程碑式的意义，建成之后将会风靡世界。项目计划于2019年3月完工，城市居民只要搭乘地铁11号线就能一睹建筑芳容。
Tank Shanghai / Open Architecture
China, after years of stunning the world with mind-boggling new structures, seems to be turning its eye towards reshaping its former industrial landscapes. One such example is Tank Shanghai, a project by Beijing-based OPEN Architecture that will transform a series of former oil tanks into art galleries connected by a sprawling public landscape.
It's a landmark project that will undoubtedly be referenced in case studies for years to come. Completion is scheduled for March 2019 and those in the city need only hop on Metro Line 11 (Yunjin Road stop) to see it for themselves.
沃克拉体育场 / 扎哈建筑事务所
Courtesy of Zaha Hadid Architects
Courtesy of Zaha Hadid Architects
Courtesy of Zaha Hadid Architects
上文说过，卡塔尔将成为许多大型建筑的聚集地，那么其中就有扎哈建筑事务所的这个项目。沃克拉体育场几乎成为了建筑界的一大成就，其中的座椅超过40000个，并且有着高度工程化的木材结构体系和可伸缩屋顶，这个屋顶在30分钟之内就能完成伸展与收缩。
而自从公布消息以来，这一项目也让事务所的人们头疼了许久。在2014年，建筑师受到了一些来自大型媒体的质疑，因此在同年，扎哈也对这些问题进行了起诉，因为有的报道称她甚至不关心项目工人的权利。在几年之后这些问题逐渐平息，随着建筑开幕日期的临近，该项目又再次引起人们的关注。
Al Wakrah Stadium / Zaha Hadid Architects
Qatar is soon to be the site of a number of major architectural works, not least among them one of Zaha Hadid's last works. The Al Wakrah stadium is an architectural achievement by just about every measure: it will seat just over 40,000, features highly-engineered structural timber, and will include a retractable roof that can fully retract or extend in just under 30 minutes.
It's also been a major headache for ZHA since it was announced. In 2014 the architect was forced to reject reports that the design resembled female genitalia (a hilarious and undignified moment covered everywhere from Jezebel to the Guardian); in 2014 Hadid sued against reports that she claimed not to care about the rights or conditions for the workers building the project. The issue has quieted in the years since, but expect new attention as the project nears opening day.
卡塔尔国家博物馆 / 让·努维尔事务所
Image © Iwan Baan
Image © Iwan Baan
Image © Iwan Baan
Image Courtesy of Atelier Jean Nouvel
Photo by Alex Sergeev
让·努维尔的项目长期以来都十分引人注目，尤其在其2008年获得普利兹克建筑奖之后。在2012年，他的中央公园项目也为可持续设计立下了全新的标准，而近年来，其阿布扎比卢浮宫项目更是吸引全世界的目光。因此，预计2019年开放的卡塔尔国家博物馆也会有类似的效应。
该项目于2010年就已经公布，建筑有着圆形母题，设计灵感来源于“沙漠玫瑰”结构体系。这座博物馆深入地结合了国家历史，同时还设置有研究设施、实验室、两座餐厅、两间商铺、一间咖啡厅。虽然正式开幕时间还未公布，但是应该就在今年。
National Museum of Qatar / Ateliers Jean Nouvel
Jean Nouvel has long been known for his dramatic, eye-catching projects (perhaps even more so after his Pritzker win in 2008.) In 2012 his One Central Park set new standards for sustainable design; his Louvre Abu Dhabi dazzled the world over just more a year ago. Expect similar fanfare in 2019 when the French designer officially opens the National Museum of Qatar.
Announced in 2010, the project is dominated by an interlocking disc motif inspired by a local crystal formation called 'the desert rose.' The museum will feature an extensive dive into the small nation's history (including its food) and will also house research facilities, laboratories, two restaurants, two shops, and a cafe. No official date has been announced for the opening, but look out for an announcement early in the year.
Under / Snohetta
Image © Snohetta and MIR
Image © Snohetta and MIR
Image © Snohetta and MIR
Image © Snohetta and MIR
Image © Snohetta and MIR
Under是一座典型的项目类型，看起来似乎与James Bond电影相关。这座“欧洲第一家”水下餐厅就好像一座巨大的堤坝，有着近1米厚的混凝土墙。这座建筑还包含有特定的海洋研究空间，也许会成为全球最引人关注的实验室。
项目位于挪威的小村庄，当地只有约4000名居民，建筑师通过设计的方式来呼应了这种严峻的地理条件。Snøhetta事务所的高级建筑师Rune Grasdal说：“最吸引人的应该是在恶劣的天气下参观这间餐厅，你可以感受到大风大浪冲破海面，这种感觉非常刺激。”
这座餐厅目前已经开始接受预定，最早计划于2019年4月开放。
Under is the type of project typically relegated to dreams or James Bond movies. The underwater restaurant (touted by the designers to be Europe's first ) resembles an oversized breakwater and will feature pressure-proof concrete walls nearly a meter thick. The structure will also contain dedicated space for marine study, likely making it the most striking laboratory in the world as well.
Located near Lindesnes, a small Norwegian village with just over 4,000 residents, the harsh and remote location was chosen by design. “The most exciting experience will be visiting the restaurant during rough weather,” explained Rune Grasdal, a senior architect at Snøhetta, to Forbes. “It will be fantastic to see the sea surface broken up by the big waves and the rain."
The restaurant has already begun to accept reservations; the first diners are expected in April 2019.
1000棵树/ Heatherwick Studio
Image © MIR
© Noah Sheldon
© Noah Sheldon
© Noah Sheldon
Heatherwick Studio的1000棵树项目还没有完工，但是这个项目已经甚至能与古巴比伦的空中花园相提并论。该项目位于中国上海，面积约300000平方米，看起来就是一片自然土地，其中结合了400座梯田形退台和1000支结构支柱，它们共同覆盖了两座“满是绿树的山坡”。
该项目位于上海莫干山路，旁边有上海M50艺术中心。目前官方还没公布开放日期，但是大约在今年中旬或年底。
1000 Trees / Heatherwick Studio
Heatherwick Studio's 100 Trees is not even completed but has already garnered comparisons to the legendary Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Located in Shanghai, the 300,000-square-meter project was conceived as "a piece of topography" that takes the shape of "two tree-covered mountains" populated by "400 terraces" and "1000 structural columns."
The megaproject is located on Shanghai's Moganshan Road, proximate to the city's M50 Art District. No official announcement has been made regarding the announcement, but ongoing construction photos suggest a mid-to-end year completion.
丽泽 SOHO / 扎哈建筑事务所
© MIR
© MIR
© MIR
Courtesy of Zaha Hadid Architects
© MIR
丽泽SOHO将于2019年中期开放，在2年前，建筑事务所公布了方案效果图，建筑高耸入云，十分吸引眼球。这座建筑也将挑战世界最高建筑，其最大的挑战在于场地的限制。塔楼下部是地铁线路，为了减少对隧道的压力，建筑师将其分为两个部分，这两个部分分别环绕连接着中庭。
这也将成为了可持续战略的发展成果，因此有可能获得LEED黄金认证。无论是何种季节与时间，扭转的建筑都能让光线均匀地进入室内。
Leeza SOHO / Zaha Hadid Architects
The Leeza SOHO, slated to open in early to mid-2019, captured public attention nearly two years ago when the firm released images of the tower featuring a glimmering, soaring atrium. It's expected to be the world's tallest when it's completed and is the result of challenging site restraints rather than architectural showmanship. The tower sits atop a below-ground subway line; the tower above, to avoid further pressure on the tunnel, splits into two parts that twist and connect around the atrium.
It's also become a part of the sustainable strategy for the tower, which is aiming for a LEED Gold accreditation. Twisting floor plates are intended to allow even light to penetrate the interior spaces regardless of season or time of day.
Linda Pace 基金会红宝石城/ Adjaye Associates
Image Courtesy of Adjaye Associates
Image Courtesy of Adjaye Associates
Image Courtesy of Adjaye Associates
David Adjaye的设计灵感来源于梦中的Linda Pace，十多年之后，这位慈善家如红宝石般的构思成真。该项目中，折叠的几何形态已经很吸引人注目，但是其明亮的色彩更加突出。事实而言，红色很难和混凝土的色调相协调，因此这个项目由执行建筑师Alamo Architects与混凝土专家Pretesca共同合作完成。
2018年的照片表明，这种做法取得了巨大的成效，红色既醒目又具有质感，让博物馆看起来就如同一颗巨大的宝石。这座建筑于2018年底完工，2019年开放。
Ruby City for Linda Pace Foundation / Adjaye Associates
The inspiration for David Adjaye's upcoming project reportedly came to namesake Linda Pace in a dream. A little over ten years later, the philanthropist's ruby-hued vision is nearing completion. While the folded geometries of the mass are no doubt appealing, it's the standout color that steals the show. Red is a notoriously difficult tone to uniformly achieve in concrete, and required executive architects Alamo Architects to partner with concrete experts Pretesca south of the border.
Construction photos taken throughout 2018 suggest the drastic measures have paid off - the red tone is both striking and smooth, allowing the museum to take on the appearance of an oversized ruby itself. While construction reportedly finished in late 2018, the building will only open to the public in 2019.
Pearling Path游客中心/ Valerio Olgiati
Courtesy of Valerio Olgiati
Olgiati设计的游客中心将成为Pearling Path的终点，这是波斯湾西岸岛国巴林王国的一处保护遗产，建筑师的目的是回应当地珍珠产业的文化与经济历史。该区域有着超过15个景点，并且有17座建筑，它们蔓延着穿过城市，让人们深刻地了解到该地区从史前到20世纪初期的那段传统历史。
场地代表着公共文化记忆，也是巴林王国最早的此类遗址。Olgiati的设计作品已经大致建成，将于2019年正式开放。
Pearling Path Visitor Centre / Valerio Olgiati
Olgiati's visitor center is to be the endpoint of the Pearling Path, a protected heritage site in the Kingdom of Bahrain that examines the region's cultural and economic history in the pearl industry. Comprising more than 15 distinct sites (and 17 architectural components) along a meandering route through the city, the Path will allow visitors a deep dive into the tradition that dominated the region from pre-history to the early 1900s.
The site is a comprehensive realisation of shared cultural memory, and one of the first such sites to be built in Bahrain. While Olgiati's structure has technically been completed, it will only officially welcome visitors in 2019.
大埃及博物馆/ Heneghan Peng Architects
Courtesy of Heneghan Peng Architects
Courtesy of Heneghan Peng Architects
Via Wikimedia User Ovedc
Via Wikimedia User Roland Unger
Via Wikimedia User Roland Unger
埃及的狂热席卷西方，金字塔的历史场所便需要专门的空间而进行展示与保存。项目的竞标在2003年被推迟，并且吸引了来自83个国家的2000名参赛者。Heneghan Peng的设计在当时脱颖而出，因为这位建筑师的目的是在建筑中整合数字展览，同时在其他的博物馆中永久地展示重要文物。
这座博物馆位于沙漠高地，临近吉萨与开罗金字塔群，而这座博物馆也将成为埃及文物最大的收藏地点，同时也是世界上最大的博物馆。其中包含有展览空间、会议设施、图书馆、研究机构，另外还有公共场所。这座博物馆将于2019年部分开放，在2020年至2022年间开放其余部分。
Grand Egyptian Museum / Heneghan Peng Architects
Nearly 100 years after a mania for Egypt swept the West, the historic site of the pyramids will receive a local space dedicated to the display and preservation of the ancient treasures. The competition for the project was held back in 2003 (practically ancient history itself) and drew nearly 2000 entries from 83 countries. Heneghan Peng's design was at the time notable for its proposal to profoundly integrate digital display in the architecture, in order to show the many crucial artifacts on permanent display in other museums.
The museum, which is to be located on a desert plateau adjacent to the great Pyramids of Giza and Cairo, will be the largest single collection of Egyptian artifacts and, at 100,000m2, one of the largest museums in the world. It will include extensive gallery space, conference facilities, libraries, and research facilities in addition to extensive space dedicated to public programming. A partial opening is expected for 2019, with the full opening variously reported to take place between 2020 and 2022.
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