Temporary floating parliament on the Thames could save the UK millions, claims Gensler

由专筑网Yumi，杨帆编译

世界最大建筑公司提出让英国上议院议员和国会议员搬到伦敦泰晤士河上如泡沫状的建筑中，降低整修摇摇欲坠的威斯敏斯特宫殿的成本。Gensler在伦敦设有一个最大的办事处，他们想创建一个250米长、42米宽的临时议会建筑，它用钢模和覆盖弯曲玻璃板的木框架构成。在被运输到泰晤士河边之前，该模块将由英国的造船工程师制作，在新歌特式的威斯敏斯特宫殿后面组装到钢平台上。

漂浮的建筑将被塑造成细长的泡沫状，并在内部分成两个区域——一个为下议院，一个为上议院。这些将由外部表现为两个缓缓凸出的体块所表达。Gensler的设计概念基于威斯敏斯特大厅的木拱脚悬臂托梁屋顶，这是宫殿最古老的屋顶结构，是欧洲最大的中世纪木屋顶，是在1393年受到李察二世的委托所建造。

The world's biggest architecture firm has proposed moving the UK's Lords and MPs into a bubble-like building on London's River Thames to reduce the cost of refurbishing the crumbling Palace of Westminster.  Gensler, which has one of its largest offices in London, wants to create a 250-metre-long and 42-metre-deep temporary parliament building from steel modules and a wooden frame clad in curved panels of glass.  The modules would be made by British shipbuilders before being transported along the River Thames and assembled on steel platforms behind the neo-gothic Palace of Westminster.
The floating building would be shaped like an elongated bubble, and separated into two areas internally – one for the House of Commons and one for the House of Lords. These would be expressed externally by two gentle bumps at either end of the structure.  Gensler's concept is based on the hammer-beam roof of Westminster Hall, the roof of the Palace's oldest building, which is the largest medieval timber roof in Europe and was commissioned in 1393 by Richard II.


Gensler提出在泰晤士河上创建250米长和42米深的临时议会建筑/Gensler has proposed creating a 250-metre-long and 42-metre-deep temporary Parliament on the River Thames

“该建筑将是一个戏剧性、高科技的木制框架结构，占地面积为8600平方米，这将提供所有必要的环境和声学条件，”Gensler说。“该结构将在伦敦增加一个新的标志性地标，从而不会影响到受保护的威斯敏斯特宫的远景。”

威斯敏斯特宫在1840年到1870年期间建立——也被称为国会大厦——是由 Charles Barry 和Augustus Pugin设计的。它包含了很多可以追溯到1000年代的老建筑遗迹。现在迫切需要进行翻修的工作，预计花费在4万亿英镑到7万亿英镑之间。国会议员和上议院将被重新安置至少六年，以使该项目顺利进行。  Gensler 表示它的方案将花费1亿6千万英镑，这代表能节省1.8万亿英镑的租赁费用，一旦其他地方的翻修工作完成，这里也可以用作其他功能。

建筑师建议的遗产利用包括把建筑变成一个民主博物馆。它位于交通疏散区之内，建立在早已存在的宫殿周围，河将起到天然的屏障作用，为国会议员提供安全保障，建筑师说。

“这种概念为非常复杂的综合体提供了简单的解决方案，”Gensler的管理总监Ian Mulcahey说。“面临的挑战是找到一个位置，能够使议会的所有关键部分与怀特霍尔街上广泛的政府建筑紧密结合在一起。”“Westminster宫殿是世界上最重要的民主标志象征之一，”他补充说。

“该方案提供了一个强大的连续性表达，并加强了英国世界领先的创意专业知识。”今年早些时候，成立的政府委员会在调查Westminster宫殿的情况后发现，建筑正面临一场“即将到来的危机”，“灾难性事件的风险”在不断增长。该宫殿预计在2020年后开始翻新，但该项目的复杂性很可能会延迟翻新的工作。Gensler公司在46个国际办事处共有超过5000名的员工。通过今年的年度世界建筑公司100强评选，它被评为世界上最大的建筑公司。最近的项目包括中国的上海塔，它是世界第二高楼。2015年，它提出把伦敦废弃的地铁隧道变成交通网络以产生电力，人们可以步行和骑车通过它们。

"The building would be a dramatic, high-tech, wooden-framed structure covering 8,600 square metres, which would provide all the necessary environmental and acoustic containment," said Gensler.  "The structure would add a new iconic landmark to London and would not impact the protected vista of the Palace of Westminster ."
Built between 1840 and 1870, the Palace of Westminster – also known as the Houses of Parliament – was designed by Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin. It contains the remnants of much older structures that date back to the 1000s.  It is now in urgent need of refurbishment work estimated to cost between ￡4 billion and ￡7 billion. MPs and Lords will be relocated for at least six years to enable the project.  Gensler said its proposal would cost around ￡160 million, representing a ￡1.8 billion saving in  rental costs, and could be relocated for use elsewhere once the refurbishment work was complete.
Legacy uses suggested by the architects include turning the building into a museum of democracy.  It would sit within a traffic exclusion zone that is already established around the Palace, and the river would act as a natural moat to provide security for MPs, said the architects.  
"The concept provides a simple solution to what is a very complex problem," said Gensler managing director Ian Mulcahey. "The challenge has been to find a location that enables all the key components of Parliament to be located together in close proximity to the wider Government estate in Whitehall."  "The Palace of Westminster is one of the most important symbols of democracy in the world," he added.
"This scheme provides a powerful expression of continuity and reinforces the UK's world-leading creative expertise."  Earlier this year a government committee established to investigate the condition of the Palace of Westminster found that the building was facing an "impending crisis" and was at growing risk of a "catastrophic event".  Work is expected to start on the refurbishment after 2020, but the complexity of the project has already led to reports of delays.  Gensler employs more than 5,000 staff across its 46 offices internationally. It was named the world's biggest architecture firm this year by the annual World Architecture 100 survey.  Its recent projects include the world's second-tallest building, the Shanghai Tower in China.  In 2015, it proposed turning London's abandoned tube tunnels into a subterranean network of pathways that generate electricity as people walk and cycle through them.


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