Belarusian Memorial Chapel
由专筑网刘彤，韩平编译
来自建筑事务所的描述：1666年的那场大火之后英国伦敦为白俄罗斯的离散的犹太人团体修建了第一所木结构教堂。这个教堂致力于纪念那些在1986年遭遇切尔诺贝利原子能灾难的受害人。
From the architect. The first wooden church built in London since the Great Fire of 1666 has been built for the Belarusian diaspora community in the UK, and is dedicated to the memory of victims of the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster.
© Ioana Marinescu
这个小教堂坐落于英国伦敦北部白俄罗斯社区的一个团体文化中心的13棵树木之间，因为其种植于圣母玛利亚房子土地上而被法定保护。这个设计中提供了传统与现代的结合，就像白俄罗斯的很多乡下教堂一样，这个小教堂在这个场地中表现出谦逊而低调。
The chapel sits surrounded by 13 statutorily protected trees in the grounds of Marian House, a community and cultural centre for the UK Belarusian community in north London. Its design offers a mixture of traditional and contemporary elements and, like many rural churches in Belarus, the chapel will offer a gentle presence among the trees of its garden setting.
© Ioana Marinescu
这个小礼堂由Spheron（炭黑） 建筑事务所设计，事务所致力于新兴的伦敦基础建筑实践，以及白俄罗斯传统教堂木质结构的深入探究。Spheron（炭黑） 建筑事务所设计师Tszwai在白俄罗斯乡下花费了许多时间，记录并绘制传统教堂的草图。
The chapel was designed by Spheron Architects, an emerging London-based architecture practice, following painstaking research into Belarus’s wooden church tradition. Spheron Architects Tszwai So spent time in rural Belarus, recording and sketching traditional churches there.
© Ioana Marinescu
© Ioana Marinescu
底层平面图/Ground Floor
核反应堆爆炸引发的副作用在白俄罗斯特别明显，在那里超过70%的原子尘掉落，逼迫着数以千计的人们离开他们的家并去世界各地重新定居，这其中就包含到英国定居的人。这种半球形穹顶和木质瓦片地板在白俄罗斯上百的传统教堂中非常常见，而且他可以给那些白俄罗斯社区人们一种亲切、舒适和回忆的感觉，他们中许多人在切尔诺贝利灾难后转移到了英国，而其他的人后来也因为政治和经济震荡离开了他们的家乡。
The after-effects of the nuclear reactor explosion were felt particularly severely in Belarus, where 70% of the fallout fell, forcing many thousands of people to leave their homes and resettle around the world, including in the UK. The domed spire and timber shingle roof are common features of hundreds of traditional churches in Belarus and will offer familiarity, comfort and memories to London's Belarusian community, many of whom moved to the UK following the Chernobyl disaster, while others have displaced by subsequent political and economic upheaval in their homeland.
© Ioana Marinescu
一系列的现代的变形被应用到这个基础的传统形式中，例如侧墙上波浪起伏的木质褶边使外部看起来活泼了许多。自然光或透过底窗，或沿小礼堂周边设置隐蔽的天窗户，或透过正立面上那些高处的磨砂窗户照射进来。在晚上，内部的温柔的灯光使这个小礼堂变得有点绚丽。在小礼堂的内部空间被位于拱点的圣坛位置的一系列具有历史感的图案的木屏风分隔。
A series of contemporary twists have been introduced to the basic traditional form, such as the undulating timber frill of the flank walls which enlivens the exterior. Natural light enters through low-level and concealed clerestory windows running the length of the chapel, and through tall frosted windows on the front elevation. At night, soft light from within allows the chapel to gently glow. Inside the chapel will be decorated with a series of historic icons set into a timber screen separating the nave from the altar area in the apse.
剖面图/Section
这个小礼堂由罗马教廷出资建设，并且取代了目前社区中心内部崇拜的白俄罗斯天主教廷的那个临时场所，可以容纳达到40人，这个新的小礼堂提供的不只是作为白俄罗斯社区一个重要的精神集中的区域，也对于那些在切尔诺贝利灾难中的受害者的一个长久的纪念堂。
The chapel has been funded by the Holy See, and replaces the Belarusian Catholic Mission’s makeshift place of worship inside the existing community centre. Accommodating up to 40 people, the new chapel serves not only as an important spiritual focus for the Belarusian community, but also as a lasting memorial to the victims of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster.
© Ioana Marinescu
建筑概况：由于许多乡镇的建筑遗产在白俄罗斯和乌克兰因为核反应堆灾难中被夷为平地，所以白俄罗斯纪念教堂设计的作用也就是来提醒人们灾难导致大量的乡村遭受的创伤损失。材料色调仅限于木质和玻璃使用，以及非常小面积的引导。我们选用了软木而不是橡木，这是在英国非常流行的一种选择，目的是为了反映白俄罗斯的木质结构教堂遗产。
Product Description. Belarusian Memorial Church has been designed to serve as a reminder of the traumatic loss of a great number of rural settlements in Belarus and Ukraine after the Chernobyl Disaster, since many villages with their wooden architectural heritage were razed to the ground. The materials palette was restricted to wood and glass, and very small areas of lead. Soft wood was chosen instead of Oak, a prevalent choice in the UK, in order to reflect the Wooden Church Heritage of Belarus.
© Ioana Marinescu
主要结构框架都是由黄杉打造并由装置区外预制定做。他建立起来只用了几天的时间，在西班牙使用松树CLT面板填充加工。地板是由35毫米厚的T&G黄杉制成，入口大门和门把手也同样是采用填充了玻璃的黄杉制作。
The principal structural frame was made from Douglas Fir and prefabricated off site. It went up in just a few days, infilled with pine CLT panels manufactured in Spain. The timber floor is made up of 35mm thick T&G Douglas Fir boards and the entrance doors and handles are also made from Douglas Fir with infill glazing.
细节/Detail
除了地板和入口门使用了清漆加工完成之外，内部全部都是自然未加工的木头。
With the exception of the floor boards and entrance doors, which are finished in a clear lacquer, the entire interior is of natural unfinished wood
© Ioana Marinescu
内部空间大概69平方米，它的水平面除了那个凸起的圣坛外自始至终都保持在一个平面上，圣坛高出完工的地板平面200毫米，而且只供牧师使用。圣坛被圣障分隔，圣障使用黄杉填充CLT面板，局部被由黄杉制作而成的英国皇家大门打破。
The internal area is approximately 69sqm and is level throughout with the exception of the raised altar, which is 200mm above finished floor level and only accessible to the clergy. The altar is divided by the iconostasis, which is again formed of Douglas Fir posts with infill CLT panels, occasionally broken by the Royal Doors, made from Douglas Fir
© Ioana Marinescu
© Ioana Marinescu
© Ioana Marinescu
600毫米高固定的保温型无框架玻璃窗户围绕中殿一周，与顶部的多层玻璃天窗呼应。所有成双的玻璃单元都是28毫米厚，他们由双层钢化玻璃板组成，这些玻璃看起来很清晰并包含了低辐射的外部（凸面）并且内部格子使用了皮尔金顿猫眼石。
600mm high fixed thermally broken frameless glazing units run at low level along within the nave with clerestory glazing running around the perimeter of the chapel with further glazing units in the tower. All double glazed units are 28mm thick made up of two panes of toughened glass with clear outer pane consisting of low-e soft coat (cavity face) and inner pane Pilkington Optifloat Opal
© Ioana Marinescu
温暖的屋顶和穹顶都由加拿大的杉木覆盖形成圆屋顶，而且还有一个由比利时Chevetogne教堂赠与的钟。教堂尖端是一个内部像是昆虫网眼的栅格堆叠形成的一个通风设备。这个圆屋顶整体是由一个木质结构构成对的。通风设备外观看起来像一个固定在穹顶上方的十字架。
The warm roof and cupola are clad in Canadian cedar shingles with the cupola housing a bell donated by Chevetogne Abbey, Belgium. Above that is a ventilation stack made up of oak grilles with insect mesh internally. The dome is a timber frame structure clad entirely in lead. This is topped off with a metal cross, anchored within the dome.
© Ioana Marinescu
© Ioana Marinescu
© Ioana Marinescu
© Ioana Marinescu
© Ioana Marinescu
场地平面图/Site Plan
平面图/Floor Plan
顶层平面图/Roof Plan
剖面图/Section
立面图/Elevation
立面图/Elevation
立面图/Elevation
细节/Detail
细节/Detail
细节/Detail
细节/Detail
细节/Detail
© Ioana Marinescu
设计师：炭黑设计师
区位：英国；伦敦北12街8巷； 森林柏油大道 ；森林公园站
设计主管：Tszwai So, Samuel Bentil-Mensah
面积：75.0㎡
图片来源：Joakim Borén, Hélène Binet, Ioana Marinescu
制造商：Pilkington
项目经理：威斯敏斯特主教区
景观设计：阿尔法规划
质量检测员：改变项目咨询
CDM顾问：BBS网站服务的律师事务所
结构工程师：Timberwright
机械与电器：英国奥雅纳工程顾问公司
主要承包商：Timberwright
客户：罗马教廷的天主教教廷的东方教会
• Architects: Spheron Architects
• Location: Woodside Park Station, Woodside Park Rd, London N12 8RT, United Kingdom
• Architect in Charge: Tszwai So, Samuel Bentil-Mensah
• Area: 75.0 m2
• Project Year: 2016
• Photographs: Joakim Borén, Hélène Binet, Ioana Marinescu
• Manufacturers: Pilkington
• Project Manager: Diocese of Westminster
• Landscape Designer: Spheron Architects
• Planning Consultant: Alpha Planning
• Quantity Surveyor: Change Project Consulting
• CDM Consultant: BBS Site Services LLP
• Structural engineer: Timberwright
• Mechanical and Electrical: Arup
• Main contractor: Timberwright
• Client: The Congregation for the Oriental Churches of the Roman Curia of the Holy See
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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