挪威岛上的圆形木制观鸟塔
Circular wooden tower provides panoramic birdwatching point on a Norwegian island

由专筑网李韧，杨帆编译

该项目由挪威建筑师Lars J Berge设计，建筑位于挪威卑尔根北部岛屿，旅行者会到此观赏栖息的鸟类。

This wooden tower by Norwegian architect Lars J Berge provides an accessible hide for birdwatchers on an island north of Bergen.

Herdla观鸟塔位于挪威霍达兰郡的低洼地带，远离挪威西海岸。

开放的草原景观、浅水湾、淡水池塘等景观区域共同组成了Herdla观鸟基地，这是候鸟迁徙和繁殖的重要场所，同时也是鸟类爱好者的旅游胜地。

Herdla Birdwatching Tower is situated at the tip of Askøy – a low-lying island in Hordaland county, off Norway's west coast.
The landscape of open grasslands, shallow sea and freshwater ponds makes the area, called Herdla, an important location for migrating and breeding birds, as well as a popular destination for birdwatchers.

由地方保护区管理的当地委员会委托卑尔根本地工作室LJB Architecture and Landscape设计这座滨海观鸟塔楼，主要为人们提供良好的观赏视角。建筑师为游客们设置了一系列的新路径，使游客们拥有更好的观景点。

The local council, which manages the conservation of area, asked Berge's Bergen-based studio LJB Architecture and Landscape to install the tower on a seaside spot that offers good views. It connects with a series of new paths, designed to make the unique landscape more accessible to visitors.

建筑的混凝土基础可以追溯到二战时期，这也有助于降低项目的总体成本。

现存的结构被改造为容纳抽水站，以便于有效控制周边池塘和农田的水位。

The concrete foundations of a structure dating back to the second world war were repurposed as the tower's base, which helped to reduce the overall cost of the project.
This existing structure was adapted to accommodate a pumping station used to control the water level of the surrounding ponds and agricultural land.

考虑到无障碍通道，建筑师设置了一个平缓的斜坡，并通过木材建造了L型通道和座椅区。

斜坡和座椅区的两侧设置有一定高度的木质墙体，这样能够为游客阻挡阵阵海风。

A gentle ramp, which ensures the tower is accessible to wheelchair users, extends in an L-shape around tiered timber seating that creates a compact amphitheatre for tours or presentations.
The ramp and seating area are flanked on the western side by a wall that protects them from the strong sea breezes.

观鸟塔主要通过木材和钢材建造而成，高度为7米。入口区域的形态取决于现有地基。

在建筑内部，一座金属楼梯螺旋上升至圆形观景平台，游客在这里可以坐拥全方位的景观视角。

Built from steel and wood, the tower rises seven metres above its site. The entrance level is a square volume determined by the shape of the existing foundations.
A spiralling metal staircase leads to a higher platform with a circular plan that offers a 360-degree panorama of the surrounding landscape.

“这座建筑将下部安全稳定的基础和上部定向独立观测台相结合。”Berge说。

“精致的木质板材能够很好地适应天气状况，为这个塑性的几何形式创造出柔软、自然的立面效果。”

"The architectural intention was to assemble a safe and stable basement with an aerodynamic and directional independent observatory above it," Berge suggested.
"The precisely mounted wooden cladding adapts and changes colour in response to the weather conditions, creating a soft and nature-like overcoat to the strong and geometrical form."

为了不让游客惊扰到鸟类，建筑师设置了一个圆形屋顶，通过悬臂固定于建筑顶部，这样也使下方空间可以隐藏在其阴影之下。

摄影：Anders E Johnsson

To help hide visitors from the birds, a circular roof cantilevers above the upper deck, which in turn projects beyond the walls of the level below so both areas are in shade and sheltered from the elements.
Photography is by Anders E Johnsson.

项目信息：
建筑设计：LJB
团队：LJ Berge, GD Marchesi, AI Huhn, L Negrini
结构工程：Node (R Rykkje)
客户：Fylkesmannen i Hordaland (Stein Byrkjeland, Jørgen Aarø), Herdla Gård (Morten Bjørnstad)
主要承包商：J Nævdal Bygg
项目管理：Tor-Atle Drønen
木工负责人：Lasse Telnes

Project credits:
Architect: LJB
Team: LJ Berge, GD Marchesi, AI Huhn, L Negrini
Structural engineer: Node (R Rykkje)
Client: Fylkesmannen i Hordaland (Stein Byrkjeland, Jørgen Aarø), Herdla Gård (Morten Bjørnstad)
Main contractor: J Nævdal Bygg
Project manager: Tor-Atle Drønen
Team leading carpenter: Lasse Telnes